scholarly journals Body Weight After Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 3646-3650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja Scherbakov ◽  
Ulrich Dirnagl ◽  
Wolfram Doehner
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Obesity Paradox ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Metabolic Efficiency ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
The Impact

Background and Purpose— Outcome after acute stroke is determined to a large extent by poststroke complications. Nutritional status and metabolic balance may substantially contribute to outcome after stroke. Key mechanisms of stroke pathophysiology can induce systemic catabolic imbalance with impaired metabolic efficiency and degradation of body tissues. Summary— Tissue wasting, sarcopenia, and cachexia may impair and delay poststroke rehabilitation and worsen the prognosis. Although current guidelines for secondary prevention after stroke recommend weight reduction, increasing evidence suggests that patients who are overweight and mildly obese may actually have a better outcome. An “obesity paradox” has been identified to describe the contrasting impact of being overweight in patients with chronic illness compared with healthy populations. We present an overview on the metabolic regulation in patients with stroke and evaluate current data on the impact of body weight and weight change after stroke. The emerging picture suggests that being overweight and obese may impact patients with stroke differently than it does healthy subjects. Conclusions— We propose that current knowledge on obesity and its management in primary prevention cannot be transferred to patients with established stroke. Systematic studies on changes in body composition after stroke and on treatment options are warranted to establish the pathophysiology and evidence-driven management of nutritional status in these patients.

scholarly journals Role of PFKFB3 and PFKFB4 in Cancer: Genetic Basis, Impact on Disease Development/Progression, and Potential as Therapeutic Targets

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 909
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kotowski ◽  
Jakub Rosik ◽  
Filip Machaj ◽  
Stanisław Supplitt ◽  
Daniel Wiczew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation

Glycolysis is a crucial metabolic process in rapidly proliferating cells such as cancer cells. Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) is a key rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis. Its efficiency is allosterically regulated by numerous substances occurring in the cytoplasm. However, the most potent regulator of PFK-1 is fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F-2,6-BP), the level of which is strongly associated with 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase activity (PFK-2/FBPase-2, PFKFB). PFK-2/FBPase-2 is a bifunctional enzyme responsible for F-2,6-BP synthesis and degradation. Four isozymes of PFKFB (PFKFB1, PFKFB2, PFKFB3, and PFKFB4) have been identified. Alterations in the levels of all PFK-2/FBPase-2 isozymes have been reported in different diseases. However, most recent studies have focused on an increased expression of PFKFB3 and PFKFB4 in cancer tissues and their role in carcinogenesis. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge on all PFKFB genes and protein structures, and emphasize important differences between the isoenzymes, which likely affect their kinase/phosphatase activities. The main focus is on the latest reports in this field of cancer research, and in particular the impact of PFKFB3 and PFKFB4 on tumor progression, metastasis, angiogenesis, and autophagy. We also present the most recent achievements in the development of new drugs targeting these isozymes. Finally, we discuss potential combination therapies using PFKFB3 inhibitors, which may represent important future cancer treatment options.

scholarly journals DAMPAK OVERCAPACITY TERHADAP TINGKAT STATUS GIZI NARAPIDANA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Faiz Fakhri Isjwara
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Unbalanced Diet ◽  
The Impact

The principle of the organization of prisons (Lembaga Pemasyarakatan/ LAPAS) must prioritize a humane approach so that prisoners and prisoners receive their rights. If the implementation is good, the objective of LAPAS is to carry out social reintegration, namely the restoration of the unity of life, life and livelihood of prisoners and correctional students both prisoners as individuals, social beings and God's creatures with society can be achieved. However, this organization faces obstacles, namely the problem of overcapacity. This can have implications for suboptimal and can even lead to failure to function as a correctional institution. The problem of over capacity will also have an impact on the health conditions of prisoners. Sleep conditions, eating patterns, health services that are less than the maximum due to over capacity will certainly have a negative impact on the nutritional status of prisoners. This study aims to determine the impact of Overcapacity Impacts on the Nutritional Status Level of Prisoners in Class II A Penitentiary, Sidoarjo. This type of research is a quantitative correlational analytic survey with a cross-sectional design. The number of samples was 91 inmates. The sampling technique is by random sampling. Data is collected by weighing body weight and height and comparing with ideal body weight. The results showed that the more overcapacity, the nutritional status of prisoners decreased. Room conditions can affect the provision of an unbalanced diet. Thus, that this causes the prisoners to experience malnutrition.

scholarly journals Sirtuins and Their Role in the Aging Eye (Review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-335
Author(s):  
L. K. Moshetova ◽  
O. I. Abramova ◽  
K. I. Turkina ◽  
M. K. Nurbekov ◽  
O. P. Dmitrenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vision Loss ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
The Impact

Visual impairment in elderly people is a serious problem that significantly affects the quality of life of millions people around the world. The magnitude of this problem is becoming increasingly apparent as the population ages and the number of older people increases. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the third leading cause of blindness worldwide and the main cause of vision loss in people over 60 years. It is expected that AMD will affect about 288 million people by 2040. AMD is a multifactorial disease with a progressive course. The arised dystrophic changes in the retina cannot be reversed by any of the known treatment methods. A lot of research and effort has already been invested in identifying various biomarkers for predicting the incidence rate, identifying people at risk, finding out the pathogenetic mechanisms of this disease, and finding effective methods of treatment and prevention.Aging is the basis of pathological changes that occur during AMD. Aging biomarkers are measurable vital signs that qualitatively and quantitatively change with the age of the body. DNA methylation is a molecular mechanism that is a potential biomarker of aging. Sirtuins indirectly participate in this process, regulating the activity of the DNMT1 enzyme. The article discusses current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the action of sirtuins (Sirtuins / SIRT), with an emphasis on SIRT1. Analysis of the pathophysiological action of sirtuins can affect the prevention and treatment of pathological eye changes associated with AMD. The article provides literature sources containing the results of studies of the effect of SIRT1 as a marker of aging in body tissues. SIRT1 is an attractive candidate for developing therapeutic strategies preventing early eye aging, in particular, age-associated diseases such as AMD The impact on the genetic mechanisms of this disease is a promising direction in treatment.

scholarly journals Targeting the Endocannabinoid CB1 Receptor to Treat Body Weight Disorders: A Preclinical and Clinical Review of the Therapeutic Potential of Past and Present CB1 Drugs

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Murphy ◽  
Bernard Le Foll
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Cb1 Receptor ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Psychiatric Side Effects ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies ◽  
The Impact

Obesity rates are increasing worldwide and there is a need for novel therapeutic treatment options. The endocannabinoid system has been linked to homeostatic processes, including metabolism, food intake, and the regulation of body weight. Rimonabant, an inverse agonist for the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, was effective at producing weight loss in obese subjects. However, due to adverse psychiatric side effects, rimonabant was removed from the market. More recently, we reported an inverse relationship between cannabis use and BMI, which has now been duplicated by several groups. As those results may appear contradictory, we review here preclinical and clinical studies that have studied the impact on body weight of various cannabinoid CB1 drugs. Notably, we will review the impact of CB1 inverse agonists, agonists, partial agonists, and neutral antagonists. Those findings clearly point out the cannabinoid CB1 as a potential effective target for the treatment of obesity. Recent preclinical studies suggest that ligands targeting the CB1 may retain the therapeutic potential of rimonabant without the negative side effect profile. Such approaches should be tested in clinical trials for validation.

scholarly journals Pendidikan Kesehatan Gizi Usia Sekolah sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar SDN Purworejo 03 Geger Madiun

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Lucia Ani Kristanti ◽  
Cintika Yorinda Sebtalesy
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Great Willingness ◽  
The Impact

Abstrak: Usia 6-12 tahun merupakan usia anak pada masa sekolah. Standar pertumbuhan fisik dan standar kemampuan yang normal dan wajar akan dimiliki oleh anak usia pada masa sekolah yang sehat sesuai kriteria sehat pada usianya. Proses belajar di masa depan pada anak usia sekolah dasar akan dipengaruhi oleh pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya di masa awal belajar ini. Maka daripada itu, penunjang kondisi otak agar berprestasi yang lebih baik, dapat ditunjang dengan perhatian penting pada gizi anak sekolah dasar. Kegiatan dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2019 dan diikuti oleh 20 orang siswa kelas I SDN 03 Purworejo. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini yang digunakan adalah pemeriksaan kesehatan siswa (berat badan dan tinggi badan) dan pemberian pendidikan kesehatan tentang gizi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode ceramah, metode tanya jawab dan game/quiz. Hasilnya yaitu kesadaran siswa untuk mengikuti kegiatan pemeriksaan status gizi secara rutin dan mengonsumsi makanan dengan pola gizi seimbang. Beberapa faktor pendukung kegiatan tersebut antara lain : 1. Para peserta memiliki kemauan yang besar untuk mendapatkan informasi dan pengetahuan mengenai zat-zat gizi yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan tubuh, 2. Kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan ini sangat didukung oleh civitas akademika sekolah, yang secara spontan dan terstruktur ikut berpartisipasi secara aktif dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan kesehatan tentang gizi tersebut.. Kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan ini yaitu adanya keterbatasan dalam fasilitas pendukung untuk melakukan presentasi diantaranya tidak ada tayangan gambar/ slide dari LCD proyektor karena keterbatasan waktu dan kondisi. Dampak kegiatan ini bagi sekolah yaitu mengetahui status gizi siswa sehingga melahirkan program baru yaitu secara rutin mengukur status gizi siswa melalui pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan.Abstract: School children are who are at school age, namely between 6-12 years. At this age, a healthy child will experience normal and reasonable growth and development, that is, according to the physical growth standards of children in general and according to his age's ability standards. When entering elementary school age, children are in the early stages of learning, which will affect the child's learning process in the future. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to elementary school children's nutrition to support the physical condition of the brain, which is a requirement for children to have high intelligence to support children's learning achievement in a better direction. The activity was carried out in February 2019 and was attended by 20 grade I students of SDN 03 Purworejo. This activity's implementation is the student's health check (body weight and height) and health education about nutrition. The methods used are the lecture method, the question and answer method, and the game/quiz method. The result is students' awareness of routine nutritional status checks and eating foods with a balanced nutritional pattern. Some of the supporting factors for these activities include 1. The participants have a great willingness to get information and knowledge about nutritional substances beneficial to body health, 2. This health education activity is highly supported by the school, both directly and indirectly. Participate actively in the implementation of health education about nutrition. The constraints faced in the implementation of this activity are the limitations in supporting facilities for making presentations, including no image/slide display from the LCD projector due to limited time and conditions. The impact on schools is knowing students' nutritional status so that it creates new programs, namely routinely measuring the nutritional status of students through measurements of body weight and height.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE ONCOLOGICAL PRACTICE

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Kaprin ◽  
E. V. Gameeva ◽  
A. A. Polyakov ◽  
A. L. Kornietskaya ◽  
N. A. Rubtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oncological Practice

Detailed, systematic review of the world literature data, including all aspects that reflect the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the oncological practice was conducted. The information sources were taken from Pubmed, MedLine, Scopus, Web of Science, and RSCI systems. The data from retrospective and prospective clinical trials have been analyzed. This review presents current data on the impact of COVID-19 on cancer patients, mortality and prognosis of cancer patients infected with COVID-19, treatment options for COVID-19, as well as the case report of the cancer patient with rare atypical COVID-19 course of disease. To date, the groups of increased risk of being infected with a new coronavirus have been identified. These groups include cancer patients. Despite the pandemic, treatment of cancer patients must be continued, since the presence of a tumor process does not allow the therapy to be delayed. The world cancer community is actively continuing to develop recommendations for optimal management of cancer patients in the context of the pandemic. The most relevant of them are described in this article.

scholarly journals Sexual and reproductive function in spinal cord injury and spinal surgery patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore H. Albright ◽  
Zachary Grabel ◽  
J. Mason DePasse ◽  
Mark A. Palumbo ◽  
Alan H. Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Spine Pathology ◽  
The Impact

Sexual and reproductive health is important quality of life outcomes, which can have a major impact on patient satisfaction. Spinal pathology arising from trauma, deformity, and degenerative disease processes may be detrimental to sexual and reproductive function. Furthermore, spine surgery may impact sexual and reproductive function due to post-surgical mechanical, neurologic, and psychological factors. The aim of this paper is to provide a concise evidence-based review on the impact that spine surgery and pathology can have on sexual and reproductive function. A review of published literature regarding sexual and reproductive function in spinal injury and spinal surgery patients was performed. We have found that sexual and reproductive dysfunction can occur due to numerous etiological factors associated with spinal pathology. Numerous treatment options are available for those patients, depending on the degree of dysfunction. Spine surgeons and non-operative healthcare providers should be aware of the issues surrounding sexual and reproductive function as related to spine pathology and spine surgery. It is important for spine surgeons to educate their patients on the operative risks that spine surgery encompasses with regard to sexual dysfunction, although current data examining these topics largely consists of level IV data.

COVID-19 disease, obesity and micronutrients: An updated narrative review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sousana K. Papadopoulou ◽  
Maria Mantzorou ◽  
Desspina Koutridou ◽  
Elias Tassoulas ◽  
Styliani Sakellaropoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Impact On Treatment ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically summarize the current data concerning the impact of obesity and micronutrient adequacy and supplementation on the risk and severity of COVID-19 disease, and their potential impact on treatment and rehabilitation. Design/methodology/approach PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases were thoroughly searched to identify studies concerning obesity and nutritional status, vitamin and other micronutrients adequacy with COVID-19 severity. Findings Individuals with higher body mass index are in greater risk of severe disease and need for mechanical ventilation. Concerning micronutrient adequacy, no published studies at the present time have evaluated the effect of supplementation on the risk and the treatment of the novel disease. Originality/value Recently, COVID-19 has monopolized the interest of the medical community regarding diet and nutritional status and it possibly plays an important role in disease severity.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Undernutrition and Effect of Body Weight Loss on Survival among Pediatric Cancer Patients in Northeastern Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1478
Author(s):  
Orsolya Kadenczki ◽  
Attila Csaba Nagy ◽  
Csongor Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Solid Tumor ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Pediatric Cancer Patients ◽  
The Impact

Undernutrition is a prevalent condition in pediatric malignancy patients leading to unfavorable outcomes. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the nutritional status and rate of undernutrition in 174 Hungarian pediatric patients with malignancies and the impact on 5-year survival based on anthropometric measurements. At the time of diagnosis, 5.0%, 4.6%, and 4.0% of patients were undernourished as determined by body weight (BW), weight-for-height (WFH), and body mass index (BMI) Z-score, respectively. The rate of undernutrition was 30.5% using ideal body weight percent (IBW%). Undernutrition at the time of diagnosis worsened the five-year overall survival only in solid tumor patients as defined by BMI Z-score and IBW%. Furthermore, 26.5% of patients became undernourished based on IBW% during the treatment period. Deterioration of nutritional status during treatment unfavorably influenced overall survival in both hematological and solid tumor subsets. Abnormal BW, WFH, and BMI Z-score were associated with poor prognosis in the hematologic group. The mortality risk was higher among hematologic patients with weight loss exceeding 20%. In conclusion, IBW% seems to be the most sensitive parameter to estimate undernutrition. Furthermore, BMI Z-score in both groups and severe weight loss in the hematological group may influence clinical outcome and play a role in prognosis assessment.

The influence of nutritional status during lactation on the energy metabolism of the weaned sow

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 120-120
Author(s):  
W.H. Close ◽  
C E Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Metabolic Efficiency ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Nutrient Partitioning ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

It is generally recognised that the nutritional and metabolic status of the sow during lactation can influence its subsequent reproductive capacity. Thus sows which mobilise large quantities of body weight during lactation have extended weaning to oestrus intervals and reduced litter sizes. However, it is not known how nutrition during lactation may influence metabolic efficiency in the post-weaning period, especially in relation to the accumulation of body reserves. The present experiment was therefore designed to investigate the effect of feeding level during lactation on nutrient partitioning and metabolic efficiency in the weaned sow.

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