scholarly journals Retinal Microvascular Signs, Cognitive Function, and Dementia in Older Persons

Stroke ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 2041-2047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Baker ◽  
Emily K. Marino Larsen ◽  
Lewis H. Kuller ◽  
Ronald Klein ◽  
Barbara E.K. Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Retinal Microvascular Signs

Effects of a Group Program to Increase Cognitive Performance Through Cognitively Stimulating Leisure Activities in Healthy Older Subjects

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina A. Tesky ◽  
Christian Thiel ◽  
Winfried Banzer ◽  
Johannes Pantel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Group Program ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Older Subjects

To investigate the effects of leisure activities on cognitive performance of healthy older subjects, an innovative intervention program was developed. Frequent participation in cognitively stimulating activities (i.e., reading, playing chess, or playing music) is associated with reduced risk of dementia. AKTIVA (active cognitive stimulation – prevention in the elderly) is an intervention program designed to enhance cognitive stimulation in everyday life by increasing cognitive stimulating leisure activities. The present study determines the effects of AKTIVA on cognitive function, mood and attitude toward aging in a sample of older participants from the general population. Several measurement instruments were used including the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog), the Trail-Making Test (TMT), and the Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q). Initially, the sample consisted of 307 older persons (170 female, 72 ± 7 years). The intervention was evaluated with a randomized, controlled pre-post follow-up design. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: AKTIVA intervention (n = 126), AKTIVA intervention plus nutrition and exercise counseling (n = 84), no-intervention control group (n = 97). The AKTIVA intervention consisted of 8 weekly sessions and two booster sessions after a break of 4 months. Participation in the group program resulted in positive effects on cognitive function and attitude toward aging for subassembly groups. Older persons (≥ 75 years) showed enhanced speed of information processing (by TMT Version A) (F = 4.17*, p < .05); younger participants (< 75 years) showed an improvement in subjective memory decline (by MAC-Q) (F = 2.55*, p < .05). Additionally, AKTIVA enhanced the frequency of activities for leisure activities for subassembly groups. The results of this study suggest that the AKTIVA program can be used to increase cognitively stimulating leisure activities in the elderly. Further research is necessary to identify the long-term effects of this intervention particularly with respect to the prevention of dementia.

Physical activity and cognitive function in older persons

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Critical Challenge

Strategies to improve cognitive aging are highly needed. Among those, promotion of exercise and physical activity appears as one of the most attractive and beneficial intervention. Indeed, results from basic and clinical studies suggest that exercise and physical activity have positive effects on cognition in older persons without cognitive impairment, as well as in those with dementia. Despite inconsistent results, aerobic exercise appears to have the strongest potential to enhance cognition. However, even limited periods of walking (45 minutes, three times a week, over a 6-month period) have also been shown to enhance cognition, particularly executive functions. Changing long-term lifestyle habits in these older persons remains a critical challenge and attractive programs susceptible to gain adherence are needed to succeed in achieving improved cognitive aging.

Association between Blood Pressure and Cognitive Function in a Biracial Community Population of Older Persons

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Clare Morris ◽  
Paul A. Scherr ◽  
Liesi E. Hebert ◽  
David A. Bennett ◽  
Robert S. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Community Population

The Neighborhood Built Environment and Cognitive Function of Older Persons: Results from the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study

Gerontology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tze Pin Ng ◽  
Ma Shwe Zin Nyunt ◽  
Faysal Kabir Shuvo ◽  
Jia Yen Eng ◽  
Keng Bee Yap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Ageing Study ◽  
Neighborhood Built Environment

Background: We investigated the association of subjective (perceived) and objective (geographical information system [GIS]-based) measures of the neighborhood built environment (BE) attributes with cognitive function among older persons, and the mediating effect of transportation physical activity (TPA) and leisure time (physical, social and productive) activities (LTA). Method: A cross-sectional study of 402 residents aged 55 years and above in the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study. Perceived neighborhood BE attributes (residential density, street connectivity, land use mix - diversity, land use mix - access, infrastructure for walking or cycling, aesthetics, traffic safety, and crime safety) and objective GIS measures of walkability and accessibility were related to participants' cognitive global and domain-specific performance measured by Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neurocognitive Status (RBANS). Results: Controlling for age, sex, education, race, chronic medical illnesses, self-rated health, Geriatric Depression Scale depression score, POMA measures of balance and gait, and other BE attributes, the subjective measure of land use mix-diversity (standardized coefficient β = 0.161, p = 0.008) and GIS measure of walkability (β = 0.163, p = 0.002) were positively and significantly associated with RBANS global z-score, and immediate and delayed memory recall, visuospatial/ constructional ability and language, except attention. In hierarchical modeling, TPA and LTA attenuated the effect estimates, but the associations remained significant. Conclusion: BE features which increase opportunities and easy access to a diversity of destinations for services and facilities that promote physical, social and cognitively stimulating activities is associated with better cognitive functioning in older people.

Relation of Blood Pressure to Risk of Incident Alzheimer’s Disease and Change in Global Cognitive Function in Older Persons

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj C. Shah ◽  
Robert S. Wilson ◽  
Julia L. Bienias ◽  
Zoe Arvanitakis ◽  
Denis A. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Global Cognitive Function
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