L-Ascorbic Acid and Curcumin prevents Brain Damage-induced via Lead Acetate in Rats: Possible Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahlam Mohamed Alhusaini ◽  
Laila M. Fadda ◽  
Huda Alsharafi ◽  
Amjad Fahad Alshamary ◽  
Iman H. Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Camp Response Element Binding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Combination Regimen ◽  
Homologous Protein ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Acetate Lead ◽  
Factor Α

Lead acetate (lead ac.) is a widespread ecological toxicant that can cause marked neurotoxicity and decline in brain functions. This study aimed to evaluate the possible neuroprotective role of L-ascorbic (ASCR) and curcumin (CRCM) alone or together against lead ac.-induced neurotoxicity. Rats were injected with lead ac. then treated orally with ASCR and CRCM alone or in combination for seven days. Lead ac. caused elevation in brain tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), caspase-3, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, while superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP response element-binding (CREB) and Beclin1 were down-regulated. Expressions of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and mammalian Target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) were upregulated in brain tissues matched with the control group. Histopathological examination supported the previously mentioned parameters, the administration of the antioxidants in question modulated all the altered previous parameters. The combination regimen achieved the superlative results in the antagonizing lead ac.-induced neurotoxicity via its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF LYCOPENE IN AMELIORATION OF TESTICULAR AND RENAL TOXICITY INDUCED BY BOLDENONE UNDECYLENATE IN MALE ALBINO RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar S Ibrahim ◽  
Alshaimaa M Said
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the relative ameliorating efficacy of lycopene against the deleterious effects of boldenone, an androgenic steroid, on the rat testis and kidney.  Materials and Methods: 40 male albino rats were divided into four groups; control group received intramuscular (i.m) injection of olive oil once a week; lycopene (Lc) group received lycopene (10 mg/kg b.w p.o daily); boldenone (Bol) group received (5 mg/kg b.w i.m once a week); Bol + Lc group received boldenone (5 mg/kg b.w i.m once a week) and lycopene (10 mg/kg b.w p.o daily) all for four weeks. Results: intramuscular injection of boldenone significantly induced lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation as well as inhibited total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and catalase (CAT) activity in testis and kidney tissue. Additionally, up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 gene expression after Bol injection along with marked increase in serum inflammatory cytokines and decrease in serum testosterone. These alterations were confirmed by the histopathological examination of testis and kidney. On the other hand, lycopene oral administration attenuated the testicular and renal injuries induced by boldenone injection. Conclusion: administration of antioxidants as lycopene effectively ameliorated the adverse effects of boldenone on testis and kidney tissues. Key words: Boldenone undecylenate, lycopene, DNA fragmentation, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, apoptosis.

scholarly journals Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Biochemical Parameters and Histopathological Changes in Lead-Intoxicated Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Hajinezhad ◽  
Shaghayegh Hajian Shahri ◽  
Abbas Rahdar ◽  
Hojjat Zamanian
Keyword(s):  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles

Background: The present study was conducted to investigate the potential protective effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) against lead acetate-induced toxicity. Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups and treated simultaneously, except for the normal control, for 5 weeks with lead acetate in drinking water (1000 mg/L). Control rats and negative control rats received saline intraperitoneally. At the same time, the third group was treated with intraperitoneal injections of CeNPs at the dose of 0.5 mg/kg 1 week before lead administration, and continued with its administration. Finally, serum was obtained by the conventional methods and rats were sacrificed to obtain liver, heart, testis, and kidney tissue for histopathological examinations. Results: The lead-treated group showed significant increases in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (P<0.01). Lead-intoxicated rats treated with CeNPs showed a significant decrease in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), AST, and ALT levels compared to the untreated negative control group (P<0.01). The histopathological examination of liver and kidney tissues showed signs of lead-induced injuries, necrotic hepatocytes, and glomerulosclerosis. The CeNPs-treated group showed noticeable reductions in histopathological signs of lead-induced injuries. Lipid peroxidation levels were also lower in CeNPs-treated rats than negative controls (P<0.05). Conclusion: The current experimental study proved the protective effects of CeNPs in rats exposed to chronic lead-induced toxicity; however, more experiments are required to evaluate the possible side effects and interactions.

The protective effect of chrysin against carbon tetrachloride-induced kidney and liver tissue damage in rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Gul Baykalir ◽  
Aslihan Sur Arslan ◽  
Seda Iflazoglu Mutlu ◽  
Tuba Parlak Ak ◽  
Ismail Seven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Factor Α

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of chrysin on oxidative status and histological alterations against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver and kidney tissue in rats. The animals were randomly divided into four groups; the control, chrysin (100 mg/kg), CCl4 (0.5 ml/kg) and chrysin + CCl4 groups. Liver and kidney injuries were assessed by biochemical and histopathological examinations. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in tissues. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine levels were also measured in blood samples. MDA, serum TNF-α, AST, ALT, urea, and creatinine levels (p < 0.05) were significantly higher, and SOD activity and GSH level were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the CCl4 group than in the control group. Treatment with chrysin in the chrysin + CCl4 group decreased MDA, AST, ALT, creatinine, and TNF-α levels (p < 0.05), and increased SOD activity, GSH levels (p < 0.05), and serum TNF-α levels (p < 0.05). In addition, body weight change (BWC) (p < 0.05) and feed intake (FI) were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the CCl4 group than in the control group. Moreover, treatment with chrysin increased BWC and FI in the chrysin + CCl4 group compared with that in the CCl4 group. These findings also confirmed by histopathological examination. The chrysin treatment ameliorated the CCl4-induced biochemical and pathological alterations. These results demonstrated that chrysin provided amelioration on the rat liver and kidney tissues CCl4-induced injury by increasing the antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Hylocereus polyrhizus Peel Extract Increase Testosteron Levels of Balb/C Mice (Mus musculus) Exposed Lead Acetate

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Reny I’tishom ◽  
Evy Wulandari ◽  
Sri Agus Sudjarwo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Acetate Lead ◽  
Peel Extract ◽  
Hylocereus Polyrhizus

Lead is a heavy metal, the main polluting material in the environment, which comes from gasoline, batteries, paint, pipes, soil, cosmetics, household appliances, and decorations. Lead is a free radical causing oxidative stress. Lead can accumulate in the body due to its slow elimination process. Lead increases oxidative stress by forming reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide ion (O2-), hydroxil radical (OH-), and nitric oxide (NO), and direct suppression of antioxidant reserves such as Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase, and Glutathione Peroxide (GPx). Hylocereus polyrhizus peel is a natural antioxidant that can overcome the toxic effects of lead. The aim of this study was to analyze the treatment of Hylocereus polyrhizus peel extract orally once in a day for 40 days to increase testosteron levels of Balb/C mice (Mus musculus) exposed to lead acetate. The type of this study was true experimental study with Post Test Only Control Group design. Forty mice aged 8-10 weeks and the range of the body weight 30-40 grams were divided into 5 groups (each group of 8 mice). K- group was the control group without lead acetate and Hylocereus polyrhizus peel extract. K+, P1, P2 and P3 group was given 100 mg/kgBW lead acetate orally on the 1st day until day 14th. P1, P2 and P3 group was continued by giving Hylocereus polyrhizus peel extract orally on the 15th day until 39th day. P1 with dose 250 mg/KgBW, P2 with dose 500 mg/KgBW, and P3 with dose 1000 mg/KgBW. The results showed significant differences in testosterone levels between the K+ groups with P1 and P2. The conclusion of this study is Hylocereus polyrhizus peel extract can increase the testosteron levels of mice exposed to acetate lead.

scholarly journals Coffeeberry Activates the CaMKII/CREB/BDNF Pathway, Normalizes Autophagy and Apoptosis Signaling in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Rodent Model

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3652
Author(s):  
Meng-Chun Lu ◽  
I-Te Lee ◽  
Ling-Zong Hong ◽  
Eyal Ben-Arie ◽  
Yu-Hsuan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Camp Response Element Binding ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Carbonyl Protein ◽  
Bdnf Pathway

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) shows extensive liver cell destruction with lipid accumulation, which is frequently accompanied by metabolic comorbidities and increases mortality. This study aimed to investigate the effects of coffeeberry (CB) on regulating the redox status, the CaMKII/CREB/BDNF pathway, autophagy, and apoptosis signaling by a NAFLD rodent model senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 (SAMP8). Three-month-old male SAMP8 mice were divided into a control group and three CB groups (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW), and fed for 12 weeks. The results show that CB reduced hepatic malondialdehyde and carbonyl protein levels. CB significantly enhanced Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and reduced the phospho-cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB)/CREB ratio. In addition, CB increased the silent information regulator T1 level, promoted Beclin 1 and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 II expressions, and reduced phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin and its downstream p-p70s6k levels. CB also inhibited the expressions of apoptosis-related factors poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and the apoptosis-inducing factor. In conclusion, CB might protect the liver by reducing oxidative stress, activating the CaMKII/CREB/BDNF pathway, and improving autophagic and apoptotic expressions in a dose-dependent manner.

Withdrawn: Hepatoprotective effects of Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllales: Zygophyllaceae) hydro-alcholic extract on non-alcoholic fatty liver-induced rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Almasi ◽  
Mozafar Khazaei ◽  
Shima Chehrei ◽  
Ali Ghanbari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

Non-alcoholic fatty liver induces many complications to the liver tissue and also serum related parameters. Medicinal plants are the safe therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diseases. In this regards, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllales: Zygophyllaceae) extract on non-alcoholic fatty liver in rats. In this experimental study, thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 6). Animals in experimental groups were received high fructose diet (70%) (HDF) daily alone or in combined with daily intraperitoneal injection of 500, 700 and 1,000 mg/kg extract of T. terrestris. Control group of rats was feed with standard chow. The serum levels of biomarkers of liver and serum lipid profiles were assessed, also histopathological examination of liver tissue done. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA method followed by Tukey’s post-hoc multiple comparison test and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. There were significant improvements for biomarkers of liver tissue (P < 0.05) and serum lipid profiles (P < 0.01) in the HFD-fed rats that were treated with T. terrestris extract compare to HFD-fed group. In addition, accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes was significantly reduced in the HFD-fed + extract administrated groups in comparison to HFD-fed rats (P < 0.01). T. terrestris extract has protective effects against non-alcoholic fatty liver by changing biomarkers of liver tissue, serum lipid profiles and histopathological anomalies of liver tissue, to normal range.

Immunomodulatory Effect of Andrographis paniculata during Lead Induced Toxicity in Broilers

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Ingole ◽  
A. S. Chandewar ◽  
M. V. Joshi ◽  
Madhuri Hedau ◽  
S W Hajare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effect ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

The effect of dietary lead exposure on immunomodulation of broilers and possible ameliorative effect of Andrographis paniculata were studied. One hundred broiler chicks were randomly divided into five equal groups of 20 each. Group T0 served as control while group T1, T2, T3 and T4 birds were provided commercial diet with lead acetate at the dose of 300 ppm in feed. Powder of dry leaves of Andrographis paniculata was mixed in the feed of group T2, T3 and T4 chicks at the dose of 2 gm, 3 gm and 4 gm/kg of feed respectively and fed for 4 weeks. Significant decrease in HI titres in T1 group and significant increase in T4 group suggested increased haemagglutination titre (HI) response. The maximum skin thickness and diameter on 24th and 48th hours was observed in control group birds (T0) and was comparable with T4 group. Microscopically spleen, thymus and bursa of fabricius revealed increase in lymphoid population in birds fed lead acetate along with Andrographis paniculata compared to T1 group. We concluded that Andrographis paniculata has immunomodulatory effect during lead toxicity in broilers.

Antidiabetic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Extracts of Gymnema Sylvestre in Streptozotocin Induced Type I Diabetes in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishtha R. Mahida ◽  
G. . Mandali ◽  
Vijaysinh V. Sindha ◽  
S. K. Raval
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Hypolipidemic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Altered Glucose

Gymnema sylvestre of the family Asclepiadaceae is one of the most important medicinal plants of the central eco-region. It is popularly known as Gurmar, which means “sugar killer”. Extract of leaves is reported to have tannins, gum, flavonoids, proteins and saponins. It has displayed a wide array of pharmacological activities. This study was aimed to investigate the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of Gymnema sylvestre extract in experimentally induced diabetes in rats. Diabetes was produced in adult Wistar rats with single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) @ 60 mg/kg b.wt. intraperitoneally. After the confirmation of diabetes on 7th day (sugar >200 mg/dl), alcoholic and aqueous extracts of G. sylvestre (400 mg/kg) were administered orally to the experimental rats from 8th day and continued for 42 days thereafter. The antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activity was estimated by measuring blood glucose, lipid profile and histopathological examination of various tissues from all the groups. Administration of STZ resulted in a significant (p less than 0.01) increase in blood glucose and lipid profile and histopathological alterations in Diabetic control group as compared to healthy control group. Gymnema treatment demonstrated significant (p less than 0.01) antidiabetic effect indicated by restoration of blood glucose compared to STZ control group. The study concluded that extracts of Gymnema sylvestre improved the altered glucose and lipid profile in diabetic rats, suggesting that the Gymnema Sylvestre extracts exhibit the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activity.

scholarly journals Manipulation of Quercetin and Melatonin in the Down-Regulation of HIF-1α, HSP-70 and VEGF Pathways in Rat’s Kidneys Induced by Hypoxic Stress

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 155932582094979
Author(s):  
Aliah R. Alshanwani ◽  
Sameerah Shaheen ◽  
Laila M. Faddah ◽  
Ahlam M. Alhusaini ◽  
Hanaa M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Hsp 70 ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Defensive Role ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Hypoxia may lead to inflammatory responses by numerous signaling pathways. This investigation intended to inspect the defensive role of Quercetin (Quer) and/ or Melatonin (Mel) against reno toxicity induced by Sodium nitrite (Sod ntr). Sod ntr injection significantly decreased blood hemoglobin concentration (Hb) with a concurrent increase in serum tumor necrosis factor- α, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, creatinine, and urea levels. Over protein-expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and heat shock, protein-70 and mRNA of HIF-1α were also observed. Pretreatment of the Sod ntr- injected rats with the aforementioned antioxidants; either alone or together significantly improved such parameters. Histopathological examination reinforced the previous results. It was concluded that the combined administration of Quer and Mel may be useful as a potential therapy against renal injury induced by Sod ntr. HIF-1α and HSP-70 are implicated in the induction of hypoxia and its treatment.

scholarly journals In vivo evaluation of a recombinant N-acylhomoserine lactonase formulated in a hydrogel using a murine model infected with MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate, CCASUP2

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masarra M. Sakr ◽  
Walid F. Elkhatib ◽  
Khaled M. Aboshanab ◽  
Eman M. Mantawy ◽  
Mahmoud A. Yassien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Systemic Spread

AbstractFailure in the treatment of P. aeruginosa, due to its broad spectrum of resistance, has been associated with increased patient mortality. One alternative approach for infection control is quorum quenching which was found to decrease virulence of such pathogen. In this study, the efficiency of a recombinant Ahl-1 lactonase formulated as a hydrogel was investigated to control the infection of multidrug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa infected burn using a murine model. The recombinant N-acylhomoserine lactonase (Ahl-1) was formulated as a hydrogel. To test its ability to control the infection of MDR P. aeruginosa, a thermal injury model was used. Survival rate, and systemic spread of the infection were evaluated. Histopathological examination of the animal dorsal skin was also done for monitoring the healing and cellular changes at the site of infection. Survival rate in the treated group was 100% relative to 40% in the control group. A decrease of up to 3 logs of bacterial count in the blood samples of the treated animals relative to the control group and a decrease of up to 4 logs and 2.3 logs of bacteria in lung and liver samples, respectively were observed. Histopathological examination revealed more enhanced healing process in the treated group. Accordingly, by promoting healing of infected MDR P. aeruginosa burn and by reducing systemic spread of the infection as well as decreasing mortality rate, Ahl-1 hydrogel application is a promising strategy that can be used to combat and control P. aeruginosa burn infections.

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