scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Falls among Nursing Home Residents: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Cristina Imaginário ◽  
Teresa Martins ◽  
Fátima Araújo ◽  
Magda Rocha ◽  
Paulo Puga Machado
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Control Study

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> To identify factors predictive of falls and enable appropriate management of fall risk it is necessary to understand the behaviour and health conditions of older adults living in nursing homes. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study had two main objectives. The first was to find significant predictors for falls in older adults living in nursing homes. The second main goal was to build a predictive model to find the best predictors for falls. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Out of 56 nursing homes with the same legal statute, 25 agreed to participate. The sample was randomly selected and only the independent or slight/moderately dependent participants were included in the study (<i>n</i> = 325). <b><i>Results:</i></b> There was a mean of 1.47 ± 0.99 falls (range from 1 to 7) per resident in nursing homes. By using the <i>t</i> test and odds ratio analysis, ten factors related to falls were identified. Through the binary logistic regression, a model was tested identifying four robust predictors: static balance, resorting to emergency services, polypharmacy, and an independent self-care profile. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The present study replicated the main results of contemporary research on the risk factors of falls. More importantly, it suggests that the self-care profile model should be taken into account in future studies and early interventions. It is crucial to implement preventive measures consistent with safer environments and to establish an individual plan for integrated activities according to older adults’ health needs.

scholarly journals Case-Control Study of Risk Factors and Self-Care Behaviors of Foot Ulceration in Diabetic Patients Attending Primary Healthcare Services in Palestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Basma S. Salameh ◽  
Jihad Abdallah ◽  
Ehab O. Naerat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Ulceration ◽  
Control Study

The purpose of this study is to identify certain sociodemographic, lifestyle, self-care, and foot examination factors that predict the development of diabetic foot ulcers in Palestine. A case-control study was performed in Palestine in 2019. The control group consisted of diabetic patients without foot ulceration (NFU). The case group included diabetic patients who had foot ulcers (DFU) with a size not less than 0.5 cm2. The sample of patients was taken from primary healthcare diabetic clinics in Palestine. Findings of the study showed several independent risk factors for developing DFUs, which were smoking, sensory loss to vibration, sensory loss to monofilament, loss of pedal pulse, presence of calluses, nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Also, this study has shown that illiteracy and low income were significantly associated with DFU development. Moreover, the current study demonstrated that poor self-care behaviors were associated with DFU. The information gained from the study will contribute to raising awareness and improving health education for diabetic patients and their families with the aim of reducing the complications of diabetes.

Use of physical restraint in nursing homes in Spain and relation with resident characteristics: a retrospective multi-centre cohort study with a self-organised maps approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2410-2428
Author(s):  
José-María Blasco ◽  
Celedonia Igual-Camacho ◽  
Francisco-José Pérez-Moltó ◽  
Pablo García-Molina ◽  
Juan Gómez-Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Physical Restraints ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Relevant Role

AbstractThis is a retrospective cohort study based on data from five nursing homes which aims to appraise how physical and cognitive characteristics of nursing home residents were associated with the use of restraints, and to provide information on their prevalence in Spain. The goal was to assess, in a visual way, the possible interactions between the nursing homes residents’ characteristics and their association with the use of restraints. Motivation, risk factors, characteristics of the residents analysed by validated rating systems that assess mobility, level of dependence, cognitive condition and nutritional status, and their association with the use of restraints, were described by means of linear and non-linear multivariate approaches in the form of self-organised maps. Findings showed that the prevalence of restraints was high when compared to other developed countries. The visual analysis reinforced the knowledge that a greater impairment was associated with the use of restraints and vice versa. However, the residents’ characteristics were not always associated with the use of restraints. Subjective factors seem to play a relevant role in decision-making, so it is important to assess risk factors continuously and determine the actual need for the use of restraints from an individual perspective by basing the criteria on specific objectives, and on consistent, reproducible and reliable methods. Initiatives to minimise these subjective factors should be promoted. Likewise, a clear definition of physical restraints should be offered at each centre. In addition, effective legislation that clearly states the need, alternatives and motivation for the use of restraints is needed.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Falls in Older Adults Experiencing Homelessness: Results from the HOPE HOME Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1813-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Abbs ◽  
Rebecca Brown ◽  
David Guzman ◽  
Lauren Kaplan ◽  
Margot Kushel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Risk Factors For Falls

scholarly journals No Other Safe Care Option: Nursing Home Admission as a Last Resort Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1504-1514
Author(s):  
Heather J Campbell-Enns ◽  
Megan Campbell ◽  
Kendra L Rieger ◽  
Genevieve N Thompson ◽  
Malcolm B Doupe
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Nursing Home Admission ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Care Nursing

Abstract Background and Objectives Nursing homes are intended for older adults with the highest care needs. However, approximately 12% of all nursing home residents have similar care needs as older adults who live in the community and the reasons they are admitted to nursing homes is largely unstudied. The purpose of this study was to explore the reasons why lower-care nursing home residents are living in nursing homes. Research Design and Methods A qualitative interpretive description methodology was used to gather and analyze data describing lower-care nursing home resident and family member perspectives regarding factors influencing nursing home admission, including the facilitators and barriers to living in a community setting. Data were collected via semistructured interviews and field notes. Data were coded and sorted, and patterns were identified. This resulted in themes describing this experience. Results The main problem experienced by lower-care residents was living alone in the community. Residents and family members used many strategies to avoid safety crises in the community but experienced multiple care breakdowns in both community and health care settings. Nursing home admission was a strategy used to avoid a crisis when residents did not receive the needed support to remain in the community. Discussion and Implications To successfully remain in the community, older adults require specialized supports targeting mental health and substance use needs, as well as enhanced hospital discharge plans and improved information about community-based care options. Implications involve reforming policies and practices in both hospital and community-based care settings.

Risk factors for falls in Iranian older adults: a case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Taheri-Kharameh ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal ◽  
Saeed Bashirian ◽  
Rashid Heydari Moghadam ◽  
Mahmoud Parham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Risk Factors For Falls ◽  
Control Study

Pain and symptoms of depression in older adults living in community and in nursing homes: the role of activity restriction as a potential mediator and moderator

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1679-1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almudena López-Lopez ◽  
José L. González ◽  
Miriam Alonso-Fernández ◽  
Noelia Cuidad ◽  
Borja Matías
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Older People ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Restriction

ABSTRACTBackground:Chronic pain is likely to lead to depressive symptoms, but the nature of this relationship is not completely clear. The aim of the present study is to analyze the role of activity restriction in the pain-depression relationship in older people, and to test the hypothesis that this role is more relevant in community-dwelling older people than in nursing home residents.Method:Depressive symptoms, pain intensity, and activity restriction were measured in a sample of 208 older adults with osteoarthritis, 102 living in nursing homes (NH), and 106 in the community. Analyses were carried out using moderation and moderated mediation analyses approach, treating activity restriction as a confounder.Results:Results showed a significant confounding effect of activity restriction, interaction effect between pain intensity and activity restriction on depression, and modifying effect of pain intensity on depression by adding activity restriction into the model. These results suggest a potential mediating and moderating effects of activity restriction. Moreover, analyses suggest that, surprisingly, the strength of the mediation could be higher in nursing homes.Conclusions:Overall, it may be that what is really important to emotional well-being is not so much pain itself, but rather the way in which the pain alters older people's lives. The greater strength of the mediation in NH might be understood within the scope of self-determination theory. Generally speaking, the NH context has been considered as a coercive setting, promoting non-autonomous orientation. In this context, when events are objectively coercive, people may lack perceived autonomy and hence be at greater risk of depression.

Risk Factors for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Carriage in Residents of German Nursing Homes

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 511-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. von Baum ◽  
C. Schmidt ◽  
D. Svoboda ◽  
O. Bock-Hensley ◽  
Constanze Wendt
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Objectives:To determine the prevalence of and the risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage in nursing home residents in the Rhine-Neckar region of southern Germany.Design:Point-prevalence survey.Setting:Forty-seven nursing homes in the region.Participants:All residents of the approached nursing homes who agreed to participate.Methods:After informed consent was obtained, all participants had their nares swabbed, some personal data collected, or both. All swabs were examined for growth of MRSA All S. aureus isolates underwent oxacillin susceptibility testing and polymerase chain reaction for demonstration of the meek gene. All MRSA isolates were typed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis after digestion with SmaI.Results:Swabs from 3,236 nursing home residents yielded 36 MRSA strains, contributing to a prevalence rate of 1.1%. Significant risk factors for MRSA carriage in the multivariate analysis were the presence of wounds or urinary catheters, limited mobility, admission to a hospital during the preceding 3 months, or stay in a medium-size nursing home. One predominant MRSA strain could be detected in 30 of the 36 MRSA carriers.Conclusions:The prevalence of MRSA in German nursing homes is still low. These residents seemed to acquire their MRSA in the hospital and transfer it to their nursing home. Apart from well-known risk factors for the acquisition of MRSA we identified the size of the nursing home as an independent risk factor. This might be due to an increased use of antimicrobials in nursing homes of a certain size.

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