scholarly journals Prevalence of Depressive Disorders and Associated Factors among Adult Population of Dubai 2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mona Abdullatif ◽  
Sobya Farooq ◽  
Ayesha Altheeb ◽  
Fidaa Rishmawi ◽  
Hana Jaradat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
World Health ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
History Of

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Globally, depressive disorders are one of the leading causes of ill mental health and disability affecting about 1 in 4 people at some point in their lives. Population-level data on depressive disorders in the region are sparse yet essential for health sectors. This is the first population estimate for the prevalence of depressive disorders and associated factors in Dubai. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of depressive disorders and the associated factors among adults aged ≥18 years in the Emirate of Dubai 2019. <b><i>Method:</i></b> This is a complex-design cross-sectional population survey targeting Dubai residents aged ≥18 years. This study was part of the Dubai Household Survey 2019 (DHHS-2019). The total number of participants was 2,244, with a response rate of 91.6%. The design was a 2-stage stratified cluster sample. Trained investigators conducted computer-assisted face-to-face interviews using the World Health Survey questionnaire and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) screening. Analysis was design-based adjusting for weight, primary sampling unit, and stratum. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The overall prevalence of depressive disorders was 2.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6%–3.4%). Screening revealed 1.9% (95% CI: 1.2%–2.9%) of participants were positive for depressive disorders, with no prior diagnosis constituting approximately 74% of the depressed. Factors associated with depression were adjusted using logistic regression and revealed significantly higher odds of depressive disorders among the following: unmarried (single, divorced, and widowed) comparing to married (odds ratio [OR]: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.2–6.3) and smokers than nonsmokers (OR: 3.3, 95% CI: 1.4–8.0). Employment was found to be a protective factor and reduced the odds of having depressive disorders by 80% comparing to unemployed (OR: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1–0.7). Moreover, those suffering from health conditions had higher odds for having depressive disorders, such as chest pain (OR: 20.2, 95% CI: 5.5–74.8), history of tuberculosis (TB) (OR: 12.6, 95% CI: 2.1–76.8), and history of stroke (OR: 22.5, 95% CI: 6.8–74.2). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The prevalence of depressive disorders was relatively low in Dubai compared to most countries. However, approximately 74% of individuals with depression were undiagnosed, indicating the need for screening programs. The odds of having depressive disorders were significantly higher among unmarried, unemployed, smokers, and those with a history of TB and stroke.

Prevalence of Premenstrial Disphoric Disorder Associated Factors among Students of Tabor Secondary and Preparatory School in Hawassa City, Ethiopia Cross Sectional

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Gobena Tadesse ◽  
Dereje Dirago Dire ◽  
Yacob Yacob Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preparatory School ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
History Of ◽  
Menstruating Women

Abstract Background: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)-is a severe and disabling form of premenstrual Syndrome affecting 3-8% of menstruating women. The disorder consists of a cluster of affective, behavioral and somatic symptoms that recur monthly during the luteal phase the menstrual cycle. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) was added to the list of depressive disorders in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders in 2013. The exact pathogenesis of the disorder is still unclear.Objective: To assess the prevalence of PMDD and its associated factors among students of Hawassa tabor secondary and preparatory school.Method: A cross sectional institutional based was conducted among 351 randomly selected female students of Hawassa tabor school. Data was collected by three students were facilitate the works with closed ended structured questionnaire and they was trained on how to collect the data. The collected data was entered, analyzed and cleaned by SPS.Results: prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder in this study was 76.9%. Of each symptom is more than ninety present or 324 (92.3%) respondents can’t have experience unpleasant physical or emotional symptoms peculiar to the five days before the onset of menses & 27(7.7%) participants have show the symptoms. Among those 26 (7.4%) have present for the past ≥3 consecutive cycles. 46 (13.1%) have family history of such symptoms.Conclusions: These findings have implications for both women and medical providers, who should be aware that PMS symptoms are prevalent and often distressing, yet also understand that the severity of symptoms may remit over time.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among adults: A community based study in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0248934
Author(s):  
Meseret Molla Asemu ◽  
Alemayehu Worku Yalew ◽  
Negussie Deyessa Kabeta ◽  
Desalew Mekonnen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Programs

Background In all areas of the World Health Organization, the prevalence of hypertension was highest in Africa. High blood pressure is a significant risk factor for coronary and ischemic diseases, as well as hemorrhagic stroke. However, there were scarce data concerning the magnitude and risk factors of hypertension. Thus, this study aimed to identify the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adults in Addis Ababa city. Method A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June to October 2018 in Addis Ababa city. Participants aged 18 years and older recruited using a multi-stage random sampling technique. Data were collected by face-to-face interview technique. All three WHO STEPS instruments were applied. Additionally, participants’ weight, height, waist, hip, and blood pressure (BP) were measured according to standard procedures. Multiple logistic regressions were used and Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were also calculated to identify associated factors. Results In this study, a total of 3560 participants were included.The median age was 32 years (IQR 25, 45). More than half (57.3%) of the respondents were females. Almost all (96.2%) of participants consumed vegetables and or fruits less than five times per day. Eight hundred and sixty-five (24.3%) of respondents were overweight, while 287 (8.1%) were obese. One thousand forty-one 29.24% (95% CI: 27.75–30.74) were hypertensive, of whom two-thirds (61.95%) did not know that they had hypertension. Factors significantly associated with hypertension were age 30–49 and ≥50 years (AOR = 2.79, 95% CI: 1.39–5.56) and (AOR = 8.23, 95% CI: 4.09–16.55) respectively, being male (AOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.18–2.99), consumed vegetables less than or equal to 3 days per week (AOR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.21–4.93), obesity (AOR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.13–3.71), abdominal obesity (AOR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.10–2.64) and high triglyceride level (AOR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.38–3.07). Conclusion In Addis Ababa, around one in three adults are hypertensive. With a large proportion, unaware of their condition. We recommend integrating regular community-based screening programs as integral parts of the health promotion and disease prevention strategies. Lifestyle interventions shall target the modifiable risk factors associated with hypertension, such as weight loss and increased vegetable consumption.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of abdominal obesity among the adult population in Woldia town, Northeast Ethiopia, 2020: Community-based cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247960
Author(s):  
Samuel Dagne ◽  
Yonatan Menber ◽  
Pammela Petrucka ◽  
Yosef Wassihun
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northeast Ethiopia ◽  
Wealth Rank

Background The prevalence of abdominal obesity has been dramatically increasing both in developed and developing countries, including Ethiopia. It is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, type-2 diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, and cancer. However, there is inadequate data regarding the prevalence and associated factors of abdominal obesity among adult population in Ethiopia. Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of abdominal obesity among the adult population in Woldia town, Northeast Ethiopia in 2020. Method A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Woldia town from March 20 to April 20, 2020. Data on socio-demographic, dietary history, and anthropometric characteristics were collected from 802 adults using the World Health Organization stepwise technique. Multi-stage sampling was employed to select the study subjects. Data were cleaned, coded, and entered by EPI-info Version 7 and were exported to SPSS Version 20 for further analysis. To indicate the strength of association, odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used. Result From a total of 823 respondents 802 were involved with a response rate of 97.4%. The overall prevalence of central obesity based on waist to hip ratio was 16.5% with 95% CI (14.2–19.2). Female sex [AOR = 13.3, 95% CI: 7.01–25.39), high wealth rank (AOR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.21–7.17), single marital status (AOR = 0.16, 95%CI: 0.04–0.58), age from 35 to 55 years (AOR = 4.3, 95% CI: 2.22–7.99), age greater than 55 years (AOR = 3.8, 95%CI: 1.36–10.78), secondary educational level (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.05–3.18), eat more protein (AOR = 4.22, 95% CI: 1.26–14.22), and consumption of snacks (AOR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.68–4.61) were significantly associated with abdominal obesity. Conclusion The prevalence of abdominal obesity among adults in Woldia town is high, and has become an emerging nutrition-related problem. Being female, older age, being in a high wealth rank, consuming more meat, having secondary education level, and consuming snacks were the risk factors of abdominal obesity. Nutrition interventions should target adults mainly focusing on the alarmingly increase in nutrition problems, such as abdominal obesity, in Ethiopia with specific attention to females.

scholarly journals Mental Health Reflections and Self-Rating at Population Contexts and Paradigms

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Nezar Ahmed Salim ◽  
Hamid Yahya Hussain ◽  
Fouad Hussein Chehab ◽  
Mohammed Tuffaha ◽  
Katrina Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Global Statistics

Background: Depression is a major source of distress and can have a profound impact on the quality of life and consider leading cause of death and morbidity. Early treatment and identification of depression reduces the burden on caregivers and family member along with medical costs. About 3% of the global population proved to be affected by depressive disorders currently according to global statistics. People are most likely to develop their first depressive episode between the ages of 30-40. There is a second, smaller peak of incidence between ages of 50-60 years. Objectives: The main goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of depression in people living in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Methodology: Community based-study was conducted in 2019 with the use of a cross-sectional, multistage, stratified, cluster random sample. Families were visited and interviewed at their homes. Data was collected by adapted tool from the World Health Survey and developed by WHO. 2532 families were interviewed by approximately 100 well trained data collectors 25 nurses. Results: The present study showed that the prevalence of depressive disorder among Adults aged 18 and above was 2.1 %. This fluctuates between 2.3% for females and 2% for males. The estimated number of adults who were affected by depressive disorder was 54,733 who age 18 years and above. Out of all clients having depressive disorder, only 19% were diagnosed. While approximately 81% did not realize that they were suffering from a depressive disorder. The results show the depression prevalence was 4.7% for local clients compared to 2% for non-local clients. Conclusions: Depression tends to adversely impact individual’s quality of life. Males are less likely to suffer from depression than females and UAE nationals more than expatriate. Depressive disorders among Dubai population is not uncommon, in spite of revealing the lowest level of global depressive rating, it does reflect significant public health implications which necessitate effective containment strategies.

scholarly journals High Myopia and Its Associated Factors in JPHC-NEXT Eye Study: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mori ◽  
Kurihara ◽  
Uchino ◽  
Torii ◽  
Kawashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Japanese Adult ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

The increasing prevalence of high myopia has been noted. We investigated the epidemiological characteristics and the related factors of high myopia in a Japanese adult population. Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT) Eye Study was performed in Chikusei-city, a rural area in mid-east Japan, between 2013 and 2015. A cross-sectional observational analysis was conducted to investigate prevalence and related factors of high myopia. A total of 6101 participants aged ≥40 years without a history of ocular surgeries was included. High myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent refraction of ≤−6.00 diopters according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Potential high myopia-related factors included intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal structure, corneal endothelial cell density, age, height, body mass index, heart rate, blood pressure, biochemical profile, and current history of systemic and ocular disorders. The odds ratios of high myopia were estimated using the logistic regression models adjusted for the associated factors. The prevalence of high myopia was 3.8% in males and 5.9% in females with a significant difference. Age was inversely associated, IOP was positively associated, and none of other factors were associated with high myopia in both sexes. In conclusion, only age and IOP were associated with high myopia in this community-based sample.

scholarly journals Minimum acceptable diet and associated factors among children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haimanot Abebe ◽  
Molla Gashu ◽  
Aynalem Kebede ◽  
Habtemariam Abata ◽  
Alex Yeshaneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Abstract Introduction The health and growth of children less than two years of age can be affected by the poor quality of complementary foods and poor feeding practices even with optimal breastfeeding. In Ethiopia, empirical evidence on the minimum acceptable diet and its associated factors is limited. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the level of minimum acceptable diet and its associated factors among children aged 6–23 months in Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based Cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 575 mother-child pairs. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit participants. For infant and young child feeding practices, the data collection tools were adapted from world health organizations’ standardized questionnaire which is developed in 2007. Data entry and analysis were performed using EPI data version 3.1 and SPSS version 20 respectively. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine predictor variables. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Result In this study, the level of minimum acceptable diet was found to be 74.6%.. About 90.6 and 80.2% of the children received minimum meal frequency and dietary diversity respectively. Having a husband secondary and above educational level [AOR = 4.789(95%CI:1.917–11.967)], being a housewife [AOR = 0.351(95% CI: 0.150–0.819)], having a history of more than three postnatal follow-ups [AOR = 2.616(95%CI:1.120–6.111], Having mothers age between 25 and 34 years [AOR = 2.051(95%CI:1.267–3.320)], being male child [AOR = 1.585(95%CI:1.052–2.388)] and having children age between 18 and 23 months [AOR = 3.026(95%CI:1.786–5.128)] were some of the factors significantly associated with a minimum acceptable diet. Conclusion In this study, the minimum acceptable diet among children aged 6–23 months was significantly associated with the educational status of the husband, mother’s occupation, history of postnatal follow-up, age of the mother, sex of the child, and age of the child. Thus, attention should be given to educating the father, empowering mothers to have a job, promoting gender equality of feeding, and counseling on the benefit of postnatal care visits. In addition, the ministry of health should work on educating and advocating the benefit of feeding the recommended minimum acceptable diet to break the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition.

scholarly journals High myopia and its associated factors in JPHC-NEXT Eye Study: a cross-sectional observational study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiwako Mori ◽  
Toshihide Kurihara ◽  
Miki Uchino ◽  
Hidemasa Torii ◽  
Motoko Kawashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background The increasing prevalence of high myopia has already been noted. It is important to know the factors associated with high myopia to prevent complications. In the present study, we investigated the epidemiological characteristics of high myopia and determine its related factors among a Japanese adult population. Methods JPHC-NEXT Eye Study was performed in Chikusei-city, located in a rural area in mid-east Japan in 2013-2015. A cross-sectional observational analysis was conducted to investigate prevalence and related factors of high myopia through this study. A total of 6,101 participants aged ≥40 years who have no history of ocular surgeries were included in this study. High myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent refraction of ≤ -6.00 diopters (D) based on the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Potential high myopia-related factors included intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal structure, corneal endothelial cell density, age, height, body mass index, heart rate, blood pressure, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP), total cholesterol (T cholesterol), triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol), blood glucose (glucose), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), creatinine, and current history of systemic and ocular disorders. The odds ratios of high myopia associated with these factors were estimated using the logistic regression models adjusted for the associated factors. Results The prevalence of high myopia was 3.8% among the men and 5.9% among the women with a significant difference. Age was inversely associated with high myopia. We also found a positive association between IOP and high myopia. Other factors were not associated with high myopia for either men or women. Conclusions In this community-based sample, age was inversely, and IOP was positively associated with high myopia in both the men and the women.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Adults in Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Belachew Kebede ◽  
Gistane Ayele ◽  
Desta Haftu ◽  
Gebrekiros Gebremichael
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Systematic Sampling Method ◽  
Study Participants

Background. Hypertension is a growing public health problem in many developing countries including Ethiopia. Determining the prevalence of hypertension and identifying the associated factors is crucial. Objective. To assess the prevalence of hypertension and associated factors, among adult population of Arba Minch town, Gamo Zone, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region, Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study design was conducted from December 1 to 30, 2017 among adults. Study participants were selected using a multistage systematic sampling method. Data were collected by face-to-face interview after getting written informed consent by using a structured questionnaire. Additionally, weight, height, and blood pressure of participants were measured following standard procedures. Data were entered into a computer using EPI INFO 7 and exported into SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed to explore the association between hypertension and associated factors. Multivariable logistic regressions were fitted to control the effect of confounders. Results. A total of 784 study participants were included in this study. The overall prevalence of hypertension in Arba Minch Town was 35.2%, (95% CI: 32.4%, 38.4%). Nearly 90% of hypertensive patients were screened for the first time. Age ≥55 years [AOR=7.74; 95% CI: 2.19, 27.23], income level which is greater than 2501 Ethiopian Birr [AOR=9.5; 95% CI: 4.5, 20.20], working hour less than seven hours per day [AOR=12.5; 95% CI: 4.3, 36.1], and chewing “khat” [AOR=11.06: 95% CI: 4.3, 27.7] were the independently associated factors with hypertension. Conclusion. The prevalence of hypertension is found to be high. Increasing awareness on control use of “khat,” increasing physical activity, and strengthening community-based periodic screening programs of high-risk populations are recommended.

Gambaran Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang Ca Serviks Dan Perilaku Pencegahan Ca Serviks Di Sma Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Tahun 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuni Kurniati Yuni Kurniati
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Birth Control Pills ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT   According to the World Health Organization (WHO), every two minutes a woman dies of cervical cancer in develoving countries. In Indonesia, new cases of cervical cancer is 40-45 cases of day. It is estimated every hour, a women died of cervical center. At the general hospital center Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, the incidence of women who had cervical cancer incidence year 2011 women who had cervical cancer incidence are 34 people (48,2%). The following factors increase the chance of cervical cancer in women is infection of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), sexsual behavior, family history of cervical cancer, age, mechanism of how oral contraceptives, smoking, income or socioeconomic status, race , unhealthy diet, the cell abnormal, parity, use of the drug DES (Dietilsbestrol), and birth control pills. The purpose of this study is known of adolescents about cervical cancer in SMA Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang year 2016. This study used Analytic Survey with Cross Sectional approach. The population in this study were all young women students in SMA Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang with the number of 171 respondents. The results showed there were 171 respondents (37.5%) of respondents were knowledgeable, and (62.52%) of respondents who are knowledgeable unfavorable. These results indicate that knowledgeable either less than those less knowledgeable in both the SMA Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Year 2016. From these results, it is expected that more teens can know about cervical cancer so that it can add a lot of insight and knowledge.     ABSTRAK   Menurut data World Health Organization (WHO), setiap dua menit wanita meninggal dunia karena kanker serviks dinegara berkembang. Di Indonesia, kasus baru kanker serviks 40-45 kasus perhari. Di perkirakan setiap satu jam, seorang perempuan meninggal dunia karena kanker serviks. Di rumah sakit umum pusat Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, angka kejadian ibu yang mengalami kanker serviks pada tahun 2011 ibu yang mengalami kejadian kanker serviks terdapat 34 orang (48,2%). Faktor-faktor berikut meningkat kan peluang kanker serviks pada wanita yaitu infeksi Human Papiloma virus (HPV), perilaku seks, riwayat keluarga kanker serviks, umur ,mekanisme bagaimana kontrasepsi peroral, merokok, pendapatan atau status social ekonomi, ras, diet tidak sehat, adanya sel abnormal, paritas, menggunakan obat DES (Dietilsbestrol),dan pil KB. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Diketahuinya pengetahuan remaja tentang Ca Cerviks di SMA Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Tahun 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey  analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua siswi remaja putri di SMA Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang dengan jumlah 171 responden.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 171 responden terdapat(37.5 %) responden yang berpengetahuan baik, dan (62.52  %) responden yang berpengetahuan kurang baik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa yang berpengetahuan baik lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan  yang berpengetahuan kurang baik di SMA Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Tahun 2016. Dari hasil penelitian ini, Diharapkan remaja bisa lebih banyak mengetahui tentang caserviks sehingga dapat menambah banyak wawasan dan pengetahuan.    

scholarly journals Association of Edentulism with Various Chronic Diseases in Mexican Elders 60+ Years: Results of a Population-Based Survey

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Alejandro José Casanova-Rosado ◽  
Juan Fernando Casanova-Rosado ◽  
Mirna Minaya-Sánchez ◽  
José Luís Robles-Minaya ◽  
Juan Alejandro Casanova-Sarmiento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the association of edentulism with different chronic diseases and mental disorders in Mexicans aged 60 years and over. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the World Health Survey for Mexico, in a probabilistic, multi-stage cluster sampling framework. Data for self-report of chronic diseases (diabetes, arthritis, angina pectoris and asthma), mental disorders (depression and schizophrenia) and edentulism were analyzed. Edentulism data were available for 20 of the 32 States of Mexico. Statistical analysis was performed in Stata 14.0 using the svy module for complex sampling (Complex nature under which individuals are sampled). Results: In total 4213 subjects were included, representing a population of 7,576,057 individuals. Mean age was 70.13 ± 7.82 years (range 60 to 98); 56.2% were women. Chronic diseases’ prevalence and mental disorders prevalence were as follows: diabetes 15.0% (N = 1,132,693); arthritis 13.2% (N = 1,001,667); depression 5.5% (N = 414,912); angina pectoris 4.5% (344,315); asthma 3.6% (N = 269,287); and schizophrenia 2.2% (N = 16,988). The prevalence of edentulism was 26.3%, which pertained to 1,993,463 people aged 60 years and over. Angina in women aged 60 to 69 years (p < 0.05) and depression in men aged 70 years and over (p < 0.0001) were associated with higher prevalence of edentulism. Conclusions: There was generally sparse association between edentulism on chronic diseases and mental disorders included in the study, except for women aged 60 to 69 years for angina, and in men aged 70 and over, for depression. Although our findings are misaligned with previous reports, longitudinal studies are required to test causal and temporal relationships between edentulism with chronic diseases and mental disorders.

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