Dietary Intake and TCF7L2 rs7903146 T Allele Are Associated with Elevated Blood Glucose Levels in Healthy Individuals

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Isabela Cristina Ramos Podboi ◽  
Sophie Stephenson ◽  
Leta Pilic ◽  
Catherine Anna-Marie Graham ◽  
Alexandra King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Median Percentage ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Hba1c Levels

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a leading cause of global mortality with diet and genetics being considered amongst the most significant risk factors. Recently, studies have identified a single polymorphism of the <i>TCF7L2</i> gene (rs7903146) as the most important genetic contributor. However, no studies have explored this factor in a healthy population and using glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), which is a reliable long-term indicator of glucose management. This study investigates the association of the genetic polymorphism rs7903146 and dietary intake with T2D risk in a population free of metabolic disease. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> T2D risk was assessed using HbA1c plasma concentrations and dietary intake via a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire in 70 healthy participants. <b><i>Results:</i></b> T allele carriers had higher HbA1c levels than the CC group (32.4 ± 7.2 mmol/mol vs. 30.3 ± 7.6 mmol/mol, <i>p</i> = 0.005). Multiple regression reported associations between diet, genotype and HbA1c levels accounting for 37.1% of the variance in HbA1c (adj. <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.371, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). The following macronutrients, expressed as a median percentage of total energy intake (TEI) in the risk group, were positively associated with HbA1c concentration: carbohydrate (≥39% TEI, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.005; 95% CI 0.030/0.130) protein (≥21% TEI, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.005, 95% CI 0.034/0.141), monounsaturated (≥15% TEI <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05, 95% CI 0.006/0.163) and saturated fatty acids (≥13% TEI; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05, 95% CI 0.036/0.188). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Carriers of the T allele showed significantly higher levels of HbA1c compared to non-carriers. Dietary intake affected T2D risk to a greater extent than genetic effects of <i>TCF7L2</i>rs7903146 genotype in a healthy population. The study focus on healthy individuals is beneficial due to the applicability of findings for T2D screening.

The association of N ε-Carboxymethyllysine with polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids in healthy individuals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Permal Deo ◽  
Varinderpal S Dhillon ◽  
Philip Thomas ◽  
Michael Fenech
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Red blood cell (RBC) fatty acids status is used as a biomarker of dietary intake of fats however, there is still a paucity of evidence regarding individual fatty acids and modulation of endogenous advanced glycation end-product (AGE) levels. Due to membrane PUFA being a well-known target for peroxidation, we hypothesized that cellular PUFAs are positively associated with circulatory N ε-carboxymethyllysine (CML) that is also influenced by glyoxal (GO) levels in healthy cohorts. To test this, we investigated the association between RBC fatty acids and circulatory AGEs biomarkers in healthy individuals. The results showed a negative association between saturated fatty acids (SFA) and CML and stepwise multivariate regression analysis indicated stearic acid was negatively associated with CML levels (β = -0.200, p=0.008) after adjusting for age, BMI, and gender. In addition, stearic acid: palmitic acid ratio was also negatively correlated with plasma concentrations of CML (rp= -0.191, p = 0.012) and glucose (rp= -0.288, p = 0.0001). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) showed a positive association with CML levels particularly, docosapentaenoic acid, γ-Linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and docosadienoic acid. However, these associations were not evident after the multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, BMI, and gender. A strong negative correlation (rp= -0.98, p&lt; 0.0001) between total PUFA and total SFA was observed. Furthermore, the SFA:PUFA ratio was inversely correlated with CML (rp= -0.227, p&lt; 0.003). Overall, this study indicates that different fats and their combinations may influence the formation of AGEs and that carefully controlled interventions are required to further test this hypothesis.

scholarly journals Associations of Diet and Plasma BCAA Concentrations in Healthy Men and Women – Results from the KarMeN Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt Merz ◽  
Manuela Rist ◽  
Achim Bub ◽  
Bernhard Watzl
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Reduced Rank Regression ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDiet is the only source of the essential branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) isoleucine, leucine and valine. High plasma concentrations of these amino acids are discussed as risk factors for the onset of several diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) or cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Information about the contribution of the overall diet to plasma levels of these amino acids is controversial. Our objective was to investigate which dietary pattern is associated with plasma BCAA concentrations in a healthy population and which other additional nutrients besides isoleucine, leucine and valine, such as other amino acids, may contribute to the diseases risk.The Karlsruhe Metabolomics and Nutrition (KarMeN) study is a cross-sectional study aiming to determine the impact of a number of factors on the human metabolome in healthy men and women aged 18 and 80 years. In our study, fasting plasma amino acid concentrations as well as current and habitual dietary intake were assessed in 298 apparently healthy individuals, 171 men (57.4%) and 127 women (42.6%) with a mean age of 44.5 and 51.6 years, respectively. All reported foods were summarized into 35 food groups. Dietary patterns were derived that explain as much variation as possible in plasma BCAA concentrations using reduced rank regression. The first derived current dietary pattern covering the diet of the past 24 hours, showed 19.2% of explained variance for BCAA plasma concentrations, whereas the first habitual dietary pattern, covering a period of more than 4 weeks, explained 32.5%. For further analysis, we focused on the first derived habitual dietary pattern. This pattern was high in meat, sausages, sauces, eggs, and ice cream but low in nuts, cereals, mushrooms, and pulses. The age, sex, and energy intake adjusted dietary pattern score was associated with an increase in animal-based protein and at the same a decrease in plant-based protein, dietary fibre and an unfavorable fatty acid composition. Amino acids alanine, lysine and the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan were positively associated with the dietary pattern score as well. All of these factors were reported to be associated with risk of T2D and CVD.Our data suggest that rather than the dietary intake of BCAA, the overall dietary pattern contributing to high BCAA plasma concentrations may modulate the chronic diseases risk.

Simultaneous Assessment of MicroRNAs 126 and 192 in Diabetic Nephropathy Patients and the Relation of these MicroRNAs with Urinary Albumin

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-371
Author(s):  
Safaa I. Tayel ◽  
Amany A. Saleh ◽  
Sally M. El-Hefnawy ◽  
Khaled MA. Elzorkany ◽  
Ghada E. Elgarawany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Higher Weights ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background and Aim: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major determinant of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Altered microRNA levels lead to serious chronic diseases, such as diabetes. We aimed to measure the expression levels of two microRNAs, microRNA126 and 192 in DN and investigate their connection with albuminuria levels. Methods: This study included 229 subjects (134 DN patients and 95 controls). Serum lipid profiles, glucose levels, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and renal functions were assayed. The microRNA126 and microRNA192 expression levels were determined by real-time PCR. Results: Patients with DN had higher weights, BMI values, glucose levels (p<0.001), HbA1c levels (p<0.001), urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) values (p<0.001), urea levels (P=0.002), and creatinine levels (P=0.004) and lower expression levels of both microRNA192 (p<0.001) and microRNA126 (p<0.001) than controls. MicroRNA126 expression was positively correlated with age, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and microRNA192 expression but negatively correlated with blood sugar, HbA1c, urea, creatinine and ACR. MicroRNA192 had higher sensitivity (91%), specificity (94%), and area under the curve (AUC) (0.967) values than microRNA126 (sensitivity, 90%; specificity, 68%; AUC, 0.897) and thus can precisely diagnose DN. Conclusion: Both MicroRNA126 and microRNA192 expression were obviously associated with DN and might determine the progression of the disease owing to prominent relation with macroalbuminuria.

MEAN PLASMA GLUCOSE LEVEL - A SURROGATE MARKER TO GLYCATED HAEMOGLOBIN LEVEL FOR ASSESSMENT OF GLYCAEMIC CONTROL

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somnath Verma ◽  
Arti Mona ◽  
Rajesh Minia ◽  
Rahul Khajuria
Keyword(s):  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Postprandial Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Hba1c Levels

The purpose of present study was to find out a suitable alternative to glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) for the assessment of glycaemic control in diabetic individuals. For the purpose of the study (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) and random plasma glucose (RPG) levels of 500 individuals were assessed. Mean plasma glucose (MPG) was calculated by using the equation (FPG + PPG)/2. On correlation analyses, it was found that correlation of MPG with HbA1c was better than that of FPG, PPG or RPG with HbA1c. Thus MPG seems to be a suitable alternative to HbA1c in the situations where high cost, medical conditions or standardization issues preclude the use of HbA1c assays. We suggest using a cut-off of 145.8 mg/dl for MPG to predict HbA1c ≥6.5%. For those centers that are estimating HbA1c levels, we suggest eMPG-I (Estimated Mean Plasma Glucose-Indian) study equation (28.455 x HbA1c) - 46.78 for predicting the estimated mean plasma glucose of a patient in mg/dl, as it is easier to converse with the patients in terms of glucose levels. Key words: Diabetes, Plasma glucose, HbA1c, Glycaemic control

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Profile and Its Association with Clinical Variables and Dietary Intake in Overweight/Obese and Lean Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2032
Author(s):  
Judit Companys ◽  
Maria José Gosalbes ◽  
Laura Pla-Pagà ◽  
Lorena Calderón-Pérez ◽  
Elisabet Llauradó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Obese Subjects

We aimed to differentiate gut microbiota composition of overweight/obese and lean subjects and to determine its association with clinical variables and dietary intake. A cross-sectional study was performed with 96 overweight/obese subjects and 32 lean subjects. Anthropometric parameters were positively associated with Collinsella aerofaciens, Dorea formicigenerans and Dorea longicatena, which had higher abundance the overweight/obese subjects. Moreover, different genera of Lachnospiraceae were negatively associated with body fat, LDL and total cholesterol. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were negatively associated with the genus Intestinimonas, a biomarker of the overweight/obese group, whereas SFAs were positively associated with Roseburia, a biomarker for the lean group. In conclusion, Dorea formicigenerans, Dorea longicatena and Collinsella aerofaciens could be considered obesity biomarkers, Lachnospiraceae is associated with lipid cardiovascular risk factors. SFAs exhibited opposite association profiles with butyrate-producing bacteria depending on the BMI. Thus, the relationship between diet and microbiota opens new tools for the management of obesity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Nutrient Intake and Food Consumption among Dutch Toddlers

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1531
Author(s):  
Elly Steenbergen ◽  
Anne Krijger ◽  
Janneke Verkaik-Kloosterman ◽  
Liset E. M. Elstgeest ◽  
Sovianne ter Borg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Health Council ◽  
Dutch Health

Improving dietary habits at a young age could prevent adverse health outcomes. The aim was to gain insight into the adequacy of the dietary intake of Dutch toddlers, which may provide valuable information for preventive measures. Data obtained from the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 2012–2016 were used, which included 672 children aged one to three years. Habitual intakes of nutrients were evaluated according to recommendations set by the Dutch Health Council. Specific food groups were evaluated according to the Dutch food-based dietary guidelines. For most nutrients, intakes were estimated to be adequate. High intakes were found for saturated fatty acids, retinol, iodine, copper, zinc, and sodium. No statement could be provided on the adequacy of intakes of alpha-linoleic acids, N-3 fish fatty acids, fiber, and iron. 74% of the toddlers used dietary supplements, and 59% used vitamin D supplements specifically. Total median intakes of vegetables, bread, and milk products were sufficient. Consumption of bread, potatoes and cereals, milk products, fats, and drinks consisted largely of unhealthy products. Consumption of unfavorable products may have been the cause of the observed high and low intakes of several nutrients. Shifting towards a healthier diet that is more in line with the guidelines may positively affect the dietary intake of Dutch toddlers and prevent negative health impacts, also later in life.

Screening for asymptomatic diabetes and metabolic comorbidities in pediatric patients during therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Larouche ◽  
Caroline Bellavance ◽  
Pauline Tibout ◽  
Sebastien Bergeron ◽  
David Simonyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Oncology Unit ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Abstract Objectives Chronic metabolic disturbances related to cancer treatment are well reported among survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, few studies have investigated the incidence of these complications during the phase of chemotherapy. We evaluated the incidence of acute metabolic complications occurring during therapy in our cohort of patients diagnosed with ALL. Methods A prospective study involving 50 ALL pediatric patients diagnosed and treated between 2012 and 2016 in our oncology unit. We collected weight, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1C (HBA1c) levels during the two years of therapy. Results Obesity and overweight occurred in 43 and 25%, respectively among patients and have been reached at 12 months of chemotherapy. About 26% of the patients developed high blood pressure and 14% experienced hyperglycemias without meeting diabetes criteria. There was a significant decrease of HBA1c levels between the beginning and the end of therapy (p<0.0001). Conclusions Increase of body mass index in our ALL pediatric patients occurred during the first months of therapy and plateaued after a year of treatment. We should target this population for early obesity prevention. HbA1c levels measured during therapy did not reveal diabetes criteria. Hence, fasting blood glucose levels are sufficient to monitor ALL pediatric patients’ glycemia.

Does the Measurement of Serum Fructosamine Accurately Reflect Levels of Glycated Albumin in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes?

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
P H Winocour ◽  
D Bhatnagar ◽  
P Reed ◽  
H Dhar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Type I ◽  
Random Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Serum Fructosamine ◽  
Type Ii Diabetics ◽  
Group A ◽  
Insulin Dependent

We have measured serum glycated albumin (GSA) by affinity chromatography and immunoturbidimetry, and serum fructosamine using a Cobas FARA analyser in blood samples from 37 type I diabetics and 21 healthy controls. Random blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin levels were also measured. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1) correlated with glycated albumin and fructosamine in the diabetic group. A less clear relationship was found between glycated albumin and fructosamine. HbA1, GSA and fructosamine correlated poorly with random blood glucose levels. These data indicate that serum fructosamine levels do not accurately reflect those of glycated albumin, as has recently been suggested, in type I insulin-dependent diabetics where glycaemic control fluctuates more than in type II diabetics. It is postulated that the two methods reflect varying glycaemic levels to a different degree, thereby accounting for the disparity.

Reliability and Validity of the Footprint Assessment Method Using Photoshop CS5 Software

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourdes Gutiérrez-Vilahú ◽  
Núria Massó-Ortigosa ◽  
Lluís Costa-Tutusaus ◽  
Myriam Guerra-Balic
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Software Test ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Digital Recording ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Footprint Analysis

Background Several sophisticated methods of footprint analysis currently exist. However, it is sometimes useful to apply standard measurement methods of recognized evidence with an easy and quick application. We sought to assess the reliability and validity of a new method of footprint assessment in a healthy population using Photoshop CS5 software (Adobe Systems Inc, San Jose, California). Methods Forty-two footprints, corresponding to 21 healthy individuals (11 men with a mean ± SD age of 20.45 ± 2.16 years and 10 women with a mean ± SD age of 20.00 ± 1.70 years) were analyzed. Footprints were recorded in static bipedal standing position using optical podography and digital photography. Three trials for each participant were performed. The Hernández-Corvo, Chippaux-Smirak, and Staheli indices and the Clarke angle were calculated by manual method and by computerized method using Photoshop CS5 software. Test-retest was used to determine reliability. Validity was obtained by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results The reliability test for all of the indices showed high values (ICC, 0.98–0.99). Moreover, the validity test clearly showed no difference between techniques (ICC, 0.99–1). Conclusions The reliability and validity of a method to measure, assess, and record the podometric indices using Photoshop CS5 software has been demonstrated. This provides a quick and accurate tool useful for the digital recording of morphostatic foot study parameters and their control.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document