Effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum Administration on Wistar Rat Pregnancy: Biochemical and Histological Aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jorge Kioshi Hosomi ◽  
Anamaria da Silva Facina ◽  
Manuel de Jesus Simões ◽  
Mary Uchiyama Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Anthroposophic Medicine ◽  
Uterine Contractility ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Bryophyllum Pinnatum

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> <i>Bryophyllum pinnatum</i> is widely used in folk medicine. It has neuropharmacological, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective effects, among others. It also acts on uterine contractility. It is prescribed by practitioners of anthroposophic medicine for preterm labor, insomnia, and emotional disorders, and has other potential uses in obstetrics. As all drugs currently used in preterm labor have side effects, new tocolytic agents remain an area of active research. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To evaluate the effect of <i>B. pinnatum</i> mother tincture (MT) on albino rats and their offspring throughout pregnancy from a biochemical and histological standpoint. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Longitudinal, prospective, randomized controlled bioassay. This is the second stage of a trial that investigated 60 animals distributed across six equal groups: controls C1 and C2, which received 1 and 25 times the vehicle dose (30% ethanol), B1 and B2 (1- and 25-fold doses of <i>B. pinnatum</i> MT), and B3 and B4 (which received 50- and 100-fold doses of <i>B. pinnatum</i> concentrate). At this stage, blood chemistry parameters (glucose, alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen) were measured in dams, as well as histological aspects of dam liver, kidney, placenta, and uterine tissue and fetal liver, kidney, heart, and brain. <b><i>Results:</i></b> No differences were found between group B1 (therapeutic dose) and its control C1 in relation to glucose, AST, ALT, and creatinine. Group B2 exhibited lower glucose levels than groups C1, B3, and B4. There was no difference in AST across groups. Groups B3 and B4 exhibited higher ALT levels than groups C1 and B1. Groups B1–B4 exhibited higher urea nitrogen levels than group C1. Creatinine levels were higher in groups B2 and B3 than group C1. On morphological evaluation, fatty infiltration of the liver was observed in the alcoholic vehicle control groups (C1 and C2). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Daily administration of <i>B. pinnatum</i> at therapeutic doses (group B1) to pregnant albino rats appears to be safe, with reduced glucose at dose B2, elevated ALT at doses B3 and B4, and increased urea at doses B1 to B4 and creatinine at B2 and B3, but never exceeding the normal reference range. It was not associated with histological changes in specimens of the maternal or fetal structures of interest.

scholarly journals Bryophyllum pinnatum – Reverse Engineering of an Anthroposophic Herbal Medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Hamburger ◽  
Olivier Potterat ◽  
Karin Fürer ◽  
Ana Paula Simões-Wüst ◽  
Ursula von Mandach
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Anthroposophic Medicine ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Overactive Bladder Syndrome ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Toxicological Data ◽  
Kalanchoe Pinnata ◽  
Bryophyllum Pinnatum

Bryophyllum pinnatum (syn. Kalanchoe pinnata), a plant native to Madagascar, was introduced into anthroposophic medicine in the early 20th century. In recent years, a number of investigations were conducted on the chemical composition, pharmacological properties, and clinical efficacy of Bryophyllum. Here the phytochemistry, and pharmacological and clinical data are reviewed. With respect to pharmacology, a special focus was put on properties related to the use in anthroposophic medicine as a treatment for “hyperactivity diseases”, including preterm labor, restlessness, and sleep disorders. Recent studies suggest that B. pinnatum has also potential as a treatment option in patients suffering from overactive bladder syndrome. Tolerability of Bryophyllum is addressed, and existing toxicological data are discussed in relation to bufadienolides contained in Bryophyllum. Open questions regarding the use of Bryophyllum are also discussed.

Bryophyllum Pinnatum: A Review on Medicinal Benefits and Potent Bioactive Molecules

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 978-992
Author(s):  
Punit Kumar ◽  
Sujata Malik ◽  
Kashyap K. Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Traditional Herbal Medicine ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Natural Remedies ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Bryophyllum Pinnatum

Background: Since its inception, people are using herbal extracts as natural remedies for the treatment of various diseases. Bryophyllum pinnatum, also known as the air plant, is a well-recognized herb used in folk medicine. It is native to Madagascar and further planted in tropical and subtropical areas around the world. It is known for the profusion of miniature plantlets which arise from the margins of phylloclade. Objective: The aim of this review is to provide the information regarding local and traditional uses, pharmacological activities and different phytochemicals reported from leaves extracts of Bryophyllum pinnatum. Methods: This review article contains a detailed survey of the literature about Bryophyllum pinnatum available in different online databases, such as; PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Elsevier, and Google Scholar, etc. In this review, authors have focused on ethnopharmacological importance and phytochemicals present in Bryophyllum pinnatum and their structure. The structures of the phytochemical were prepared by the ChemDraw tool. Results: This plant is used as a traditional herbal medicine around the globe due to medicinal properties like; anthelmintic, immunosuppressive, hepatoprotective, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, nephroprotective, antioxidant, antimicrobial, analgesic, anticonvulsant and antipyretic. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of many bioactive compounds like; alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes, steroids, glycosides, bufadienolides, lipids, and organic acids, etc. which are associated with different medicinal properties. Conclusion: Bryophyllum pinnatum possesses diverse pharmacological importance and remarkable medicinal properties. Investigators have reported a large number of phytochemicals exhibiting different medicinal properties and correlation of medicinal properties.

scholarly journals Biochemical, Histopathological and Mutagenic Changes Following the Co-administration of Antihelminthic and Antimalarial Drugs in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
A. A. Obiajunwa ◽  
E. T. Idowu ◽  
O. A. Otubanjo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Portal Tract ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

Aim: To determine the effects of antimalaria and antheminthic drugs combination in the incidence of histopathological alteration and biochemical modulations in liver and kidney of albino rats. Place and Duration of Study: The study was undertaken at the Zoology Department University of Lagos Akoka Lagos Nigeria. Methodology: A total of twenty (25) Male adult albino rats of 13-15 weeks old were divided into 5 groups of 5 rats each and daily oral administration of human therapeutic doses of praziquantel (PZQ 50 mg/kg body weight) separate and in combination with ivermectin (IVM 0.4 mg/kg body weight), albendazole (ALB 15 mg/kg body weight) and Artemether-lumefanthrine (ACT 140 mg/kg body weight) was administered with the  group which serve as the control receiving 1ml distilled water. Toxic effects due to these treatments were investigated using histopathological, biochemical and mutagenic indices at day 8th and 15th of the study. Results: Biochemical assessment revealed significant reduction in AST, ALT, ALP and potassium in the treatment group compared to the control. Increase in the level calcium, Albumin and bicarbonate were also observed in treatment groups. Histopathological assessment of the liver showed a general incidence of focal inflammation along the portal tract area, but did not show any differential severity across treatment groups except for single PZQ treatment group which were characterized by fatty infiltration. A general occurrence of mesangial damage and glomerula injury was observed in kidney tissues. Renal lesions were more severe in single PZQ + IVM treatment groups while mild lesions characterized renal tissue from PZQ+ACT treatment groups. Mutagenic effects as indicated by the high incidence of sperm head abnormalities was recorded across combination treatments especially in PZQ+ IVR and PZQ+ ACT groups. Conclusion: Findings suggest that combination therapies are synergistic and could result in nephrotoxicity, antidiuretic effects, dehydration and mutagenicity at human therapeutic doses.

Pharmacological and Pathological Studies on Taiwan Folk Medicine (IX): The Hepatoprotective Effect of the Methanolic Extract from Echinops Grijisii

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ching Lin ◽  
Cheng-Hung Lin
Keyword(s):  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

In order to isolate the main hepatoprotective component of Echinops grijisii, the crude drug was extracted with methanol and subjected to continuous extractions using n-hexane chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The hepatoprotective studies of each fraction from the methanol extract of E. grijisii was conducted in Wistar albino rats with CC14-induced liver damage. Hepatoprotective activity was evaluated in terms of the modification of serum transaminase values such as SGOT and SGPT, and histopathological changes of liver biopsy. The results indicated that the main hepatoprotective component was concentrated in n-butanol and aqueous fractions.

Infection in the Pregnant Patient

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Vasquez
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Labor History ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Vaginal Fluid ◽  
Uterine Contractility ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree

Infections in pregnancy can result in significant complications for both the mother and fetus and can increase the risk of preterm labor. Fever in a pregnant woman also raises concern for its associated risk of preterm birth due to the release of prostaglandins and cytokines that stimulate uterine contractility. Infection can be passed to the neonate hematogenously or ascend from the genital tract. Treatment during pregnancy creates problems, as many antimicrobials cross the placenta and may have a teratogenic risk. Prophylaxis, vaccination, a high degree of suspicion, and early intervention can help improve morbidity and mortality. The pregnant patient should be asked important questions that include history of uterine tenderness and leakage of vaginal fluid, exposure to or symptoms of sexually transmitted infection, previous preterm labor, history of pregnancy complications, and a thorough social history.

Role of ERK1/2 in uterine contractility and preterm labor in rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (2) ◽  
pp. R328-R335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunping Li ◽  
Hyun-Dong Je ◽  
Sabah Malek ◽  
Kathleen G. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Light Chain ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Myosin Light Chain ◽  
Myosin Light Chain Phosphorylation ◽  
Uterine Contractility ◽  
Erk Activation ◽  
Ru 486 ◽  
Erk Phosphorylation

The present study tested the hypothesis that ERK activation is an essential step in the onset of labor in a rat model of preterm labor. The administration of RU-486, an antiprogesterone agent, to rats induced preterm delivery 22.2 ± 0.24 h after treatment. Changes in basal signaling events were studied in myometrial tissue from CO2-euthanized rats. Rats treated with RU-486 displayed a dramatically increased in vitro uterine contractility compared with gestational stage-matched, sham-treated rats. In vitro contractility was not significantly different from that during spontaneous labor. During RU-486-induced preterm labor, as previously described for spontaneous labor, ERK phosphorylation levels increased, as did phosphorylation of caldesmon at Ser789, an ERK phosphorylation site. Also, a small but significant increase in 20-kDa myosin light chain phosphorylation was seen at a constant intracellular pCa of 7. When rats were chronically treated with an agent that prevents ERK activation, U-0126, the onset of RU-486-induced preterm labor was delayed in a statistically significant manner. Chronic in vivo treatment with U-0126 also significantly inhibited the RU-486-induced increase in in vitro contractility and ERK and caldesmon phosphorylation but did not alter the RU-486-induced increase in 20-kDa myosin light chain phosphorylation. These data indicate that ERK activation is a component of the multiple events leading to the development of labor in this rat model. We suggest that the ERK pathway could possibly be used to identify targets for the development of a novel class of tocolytic agents.

scholarly journals Renal Protective Properties of Aqueous Extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken Leaf against Petrol Vapour – Induced Toxicity on Male Albino Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Friday Uhegbu ◽  
Caleb Nwaogwugwu ◽  
Chibuzo Onwuegbuchulam ◽  
Chinwe Oriaku ◽  
Okechukwu Atasie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Bryophyllum Pinnatum

scholarly journals Reductions in feed and water consumptions and body weight in rats consuming aqueous extracts or ground leptadenia pyrotechnic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra S. Alsahafi ◽  
◽  
Sawsan H. Mahassni ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forssk.) Decne. (LP) is used in folk medicine for the treatment of different ailments. No published studies on the affects of ground and aqueous LP extract in laboratory animals exist. Thus, this study is the first to investigate the difference between using ground or aqueous extract of LP on body weight parameters and consumptions of feed and water in young adult Wistar albino rats. Four groups (one rat of either sex for each group) were administered 25%, 50% and 75% ground LP mixed with the regular feed for 7 days, while the control rats were given the regular diet. Five groups (two rats of either sex for each group) were orally gavaged with 3, 9, 15 and 20 g LP extract/kg body weight, while the control group was gavaged with water, daily for 14 days. Findings were compared with the control groups. The mean body weight loss and feed inefficiency ratio s for the ground LP groups were higher, leading to lower feed and water intakes. Rats that consumed 15 and 20 g LP extract/kg had higher mean body weight loss and feed inefficiency ratio and lower water and feed intakes for the first but not for the second week. Therefore, both forms of LP affect weights and consumptions of water and feed during the first week. Thus, while using LP for any medicinal or therapeutic uses in humans, any affects on weight or feed and water consumptions may last only for a week.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antidiabetic potential and Hypolipidemic activity of Coccinia indica (leaves) in Diabetic Albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Mamata Pochhi
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Glucose Consumption ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Coccinia Indica ◽  
Metabolizing Enzyme ◽  
Coa Reductase

Background: The whole plant of Coccinia indica is very effective in different types of diseases with fewer side effects. The leaves, roots of this plant were claimed to be useful in the treatment of diabetes mellitus based on folk medicine. The purpose of this study was to examine the antihyperglycemic effect of water extract of C. indica in alloxan diabetes rats. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to find whether the conditions, hyperglyclemia and hyerlipidemia, are correlated and whether the application of the aqueous extract leads to abating these two conditions. Materials-Methods: The aqueous leaves extracts of C. indica (200 mg/kg) were administered orally for 14 days, in alloxan induced diabetic rats on Glucose, Lipid profile, Lipoproteins and Lipid metabolizing enzymes activity.   Result: The aqueous leaves extract of C. indica induced significant improvement in glucose, serum Lipids, lipoproteins and lipid metabolizing enzyme activity (HMG CoA reductase, LCAT). Conclusion: The present study indicates that the extract of Coccinia indica exhibits lipid lowering, maintaining lipoproteins concentration and also improves the activities of lipid metabolizing enzyme in hyperglycemic rats leading to an increase in peripheral glucose consumption.

Regulation of fetal cardiac and hepatic β-adrenoceptors and adenylyl cyclase signaling: terbutaline effects

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (4) ◽  
pp. R1079-R1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Auman ◽  
F. J. Seidler ◽  
T. A. Slotkin
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Adenylyl Cyclase ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Neural Cell ◽  
Adrenergic Agonist ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Heterologous Sensitization ◽  
Ac Response ◽  
Homologous Desensitization

Terbutaline (Ter), a β2-adrenergic agonist used in preterm labor, stimulates fetal β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs). We administered Ter to pregnant rats on gestational days 17–20 and examined β-ARs and adenylyl cyclase (AC) signaling in heart and liver. Ter produced less downregulation of cardiac β-ARs than in adults, despite a higher proportion of the β2-subtype, and failed to elicit desensitization of the receptor-mediated AC response. AC stimulants acting at different points indicated an offsetting of homologous desensitization at the level of the β-AR by heterologous sensitization at the level of AC: induction of total AC catalytic activity and a shift in the catalytic profile or AC isoform. In fetal liver, Ter produced downregulation of β-ARs, in keeping with the predominance of the β2-subtype; hepatic receptor downregulation was equivalent in fetus and adult. Nevertheless, there was still no desensitization of β-AR-mediated AC responses and again AC was induced. Our results indicate that, unlike in the adult, fetal β-AR signaling is not desensitized by β-agonists and, in fact, displays heterologous sensitization, thus sustaining responses during parturition. At the same time, the inability to desensitize β-AR AC responses may lead to disruption of cardiac, hepatic, or neural cell development as a consequence of tocolytic therapy with β-agonists.

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