Relationship between Immunophenotype and Clinicopathological Findings for Superficial Nonampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumor

Digestion ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shigeki Fukusada ◽  
Takaya Shimura ◽  
Hiroyasu Iwasaki ◽  
Yusuke Okuda ◽  
Takahito Katano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Epithelial Tumor ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
Intestinal Phenotype ◽  
Oral Side ◽  
Clinicopathological Findings ◽  
Gastric Phenotype ◽  
The Relationship

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The natural history and prognosis of superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs) remain uncertain. We elucidated the relationship between immunophenotype and clinicopathological features. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A total of 98 SNADETs were divided into 3 groups according to immunohistochemical findings: gastric phenotype (G type), gastrointestinal phenotype (GI type), and intestinal phenotype (I type). Cellular dysplasia was divided into low-grade dysplasia and high-grade dysplasia/adenocarcinoma (≥HGD). White opaque substance (WOS) deposition was categorized into diffuse WOS, partial WOS, and no WOS, based on endoscopic findings. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 98 SNADETs, 4 lesions (4.1%) were G type, 32 lesions (32.7%) were GI type, and 62 lesions (63.2%) were I type. All G-type SNADETs were located in the oral side of the papilla including the bulb, and the rate of bulbar lesions was significantly higher in the G type than in the GI and I types (<i>p</i> = 0.004). The most frequent type of WOS was no WOS (4/4, 100%) for G type, partial WOS (19/32, 59.4%) for GI type, and diffuse WOS (34/62, 54.8%) for I type (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), and loss of intestinal character was significantly correlated with WOS deficiency. GI/I-type SNADETs with partial or no WOS and G-type SNADETs were associated with ≥HGD. Additionally, the frequency of ≥HGD lesion was significantly higher in the CD10-negative group than in the CD10-positive group (57.1 vs. 19.8%, <i>p</i> = 0.043). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Pathological intestinal character was correlated with the presence of WOS, and CD10 loss was associated with malignant potential of SNADETs.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological characteristics of mucin phenotype and its relation to the malignant potential in early differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 205873922110540
Author(s):  
Takanobu Akaishi ◽  
Tadashi Yoshizawa ◽  
Satoko Morohashi ◽  
Shintaro Goto ◽  
Takahiro Muroya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Venous Invasion ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Mucin Phenotype ◽  
Intestinal Phenotype ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Submucosal Lesion ◽  
E Cadherin

Objectives Mucin phenotype is a tool to classify gastric cancer, but the relationship between mucin phenotype and its malignancy is still controversial. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between mucin phenotype and the malignant potential of gastric cancer. Methods A total of 82 cases of early-stage differentiated adenocarcinoma (submucosal invasion cases) obtained from surgeries were studied by immunohistochemistry. Gastric mucin phenotype and E-cadherin expression were analyzed in the mucosal and submucosal layer. E-cadherin expression was analyzed by using imaging software (ImageJ) for objective data analysis. Furthermore, the mucin phenotypic shift was analyzed from mucosa to submucosa. Results We found that: (1) tumors with intestinal mucin phenotype had statistically more venous invasion in the submucosal lesion; (2) tumors with an intestinal phenotype that showed venous invasion in the submucosal lesion had a higher percentage of tumors that showed loss of phenotype; (3) no dominant change in E-cadherin expression was observed from the mucosa to submucosa. Conclusion Tumors with loss of phenotype and submucosal intestinal phenotype showed predominantly more venous invasion, so examining the identification of phenotypes and phenotype shifts can be expected to be a factor that influences treatment strategies after endoscopic treatment or after surgical resection.

Primary acquired melanosis (PAM) without atypia/WHO low-grade conjunctival melanocytic intraepithelial lesion over areas of oculodermal melanocytosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e236741
Author(s):  
Bashar M Bata ◽  
Sachin M Salvi ◽  
Hardeep Singh Mudhar
Keyword(s):  
Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Primary Acquired Melanosis ◽  
Conjunctival Biopsy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Oculodermal Melanocytosis ◽  
Substantia Propria ◽  
New Onset

An elderly white man with a history of left oculodermal melanocytosis presented with new onset brown pigmentation of the left bulbar and inferior tarsal conjunctiva. The bulbar conjunctival pigmentation was at the level of the conjunctival epithelium and was overlying areas of typical slate-grey scleral pigmentation characteristic of oculodermal melanocytosis. Both areas of new pigmentation were biopsied. The bulbar conjunctiva revealed primary acquired melanosis (PAM) without atypia with increased melanin production and the tarsal conjunctival biopsy showed PAM without atypia sine pigmentio overlying areas of substantia propria spindle-shaped heavily pigmented melanocytes of oculodermal melanocytosis. The case report examines the relationship between the epithelial and substantia propria melanocytes and correlates the findings with what is known about this association from the dermatopathology literature.

scholarly journals BMI-1 Expression Heterogeneity in Endometriosis-Related and Non-Endometriotic Ovarian Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 6082
Author(s):  
Ludmila Lozneanu ◽  
Raluca Anca Balan ◽  
Ioana Păvăleanu ◽  
Simona Eliza Giuşcă ◽  
Irina-Draga Căruntu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Epithelial Tumor ◽  
Normal Organ ◽  
Ovarian Carcinogenesis ◽  
Cellular Signaling Pathway ◽  
The Relationship

BMI-1 is a key component of stem cells, which are essential for normal organ development and cell phenotype maintenance. BMI-1 expression is deregulated in cancer, resulting in the alteration of chromatin and gene transcription repression. The cellular signaling pathway that governs BMI-1 action in the ovarian carcinogenesis sequences is incompletely deciphered. In this study, we set out to analyze the immunohistochemical (IHC) BMI-1 expression in two different groups: endometriosis-related ovarian carcinoma (EOC) and non-endometriotic ovarian carcinoma (NEOC), aiming to identify the differences in its tissue profile. Methods: BMI-1 IHC expression has been individually quantified in epithelial and in stromal components by using adapted scores systems. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between BMI-1 epithelial and stromal profile in each group and between groups and its correlation with classical clinicopathological characteristics. Results: BMI-1 expression in epithelial tumor cells was mostly low or negative in the EOC group, and predominantly positive in the NEOC group. Moreover, the stromal BMI-1 expression was variable in the EOC group, whereas in the NEOC group, stromal BMI-1 expression was mainly strong. We noted statistically significant differences between the epithelial and stromal BMI-1 profiles in each group and between the two ovarian carcinoma (OC) groups. Conclusions: Our study provides solid evidence for a different BMI-1 expression in EOC and NEOC, corresponding to the differences in their etiopathogeny. The reported differences in the BMI-1 expression of EOC and NEOC need to be further validated in a larger and homogenous cohort of study.

Zone 2 Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendoscopy: A Cadaveric Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tun Hing Lui ◽  
Kwok Bill Chan ◽  
Lap Ki Chan
Keyword(s):  
Tibial Nerve ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Cadaveric Study ◽  
Flexor Hallucis Longus ◽  
Posterior Tibial Nerve ◽  
Medial Plantar Nerve ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
Posterior Tibial ◽  
Anatomic Dissection ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The purpose of this study was to verify the safety and efficacy of zone 2 flexor hallucis longus tendoscopy with the patient in the prone position. Materials and Methods: The technique was performed in 12 cadaver feet (6 pairs). The endoscopic findings were compared to an anatomic dissection. The locations of the posteromedial and plantar portals were studied. The relationship between the medial plantar nerve and the tract of FHL tendoscopy was also studied. Result: The average distance of the posteromedial portal above the medial malleolar tip was 10.3 mm. The average distance between the posteromedial portal and the posterior tibial nerve was 9.9 mm. The average distance between the plantar portal and the intermalleolar line was 41.5 mm. The average distance between the rod simulating the tenoscope and the nerve was 4.8 mm. The nerve was medial to the rod in 4 specimens and lateral to the rod in 8 specimens. Conclusion: Zone 2 flexor hallucis longus tendoscopy was a feasible approach to the deep portion of the flexor hallucis longus tendon in this cadaveric study. There is potential risk of damage to the medial plantar nerve. Clinical Relevance: These findings can help guide a surgeon who is considering trying this clinically.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical profiling of benign, low malignant potential and low grade serous epithelial ovarian tumors

BMC Cancer ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Ouellet ◽  
Tak Hay Ling ◽  
Karine Normandin ◽  
Jason Madore ◽  
Christian Lussier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Malignant Potential

Clinicopathological characteristics of primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy with immunoglobulin M deposition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Ouyang ◽  
Jian Wen ◽  
Kai Song ◽  
Huaying Shen
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Endothelial Cell Proliferation ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ig G

IntroductionImmunoglobulin (Ig) G deposition in patients with IgA nephro­pathy (IgAN) often indicates poor prognosis, but the relationship between IgM deposition and the clinicopathology of IgAN remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to further understand the relationship between IgM deposition and IgAN, so as to provide a basis for clinical evaluation and treatment.Material and methodsWe included a total of 839 IgAN patients from the nephropathy departments of 2 hospitals; there were 162 IgM-positive patients and 677 IgM-negative patients. Clinical and pathological data were retrospectively analysed. In addition, a multifaceted comparison was made between the IgM-positive group and the IgM-negative group.ResultsThe serum albumin and IgG levels of the IgM-positive group were lower than those of the IgM-negative group, and the levels of low-density lipo­protein, 24 h proteinuria, and IgM were higher than those of the IgM-nega­tive group. The proportion of endothelial cell proliferation (E1), segmental sclerosis or adhesion (S1), and renal tubular interstitial score in the IgM-posi­tive group were all higher than those in the IgM-negative group. Immunofluo­rescence results showed that the proportion of IgM-positive combination and IgG and C1q deposition was higher than that in the IgM-negative group.ConclusionsImmunoglobulin A nephropathy patients with IgM deposition have relatively poor clinical biochemical indicators, and the degree of renal pathological damage is also relatively serious.

Effect of Statins on the Risk of Different Stages of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yun Li ◽  
Xuan Cheng ◽  
Jia-lian Zhu ◽  
Wen-wen Luo ◽  
Huai-rong Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Advanced Prostate Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The aim of this article was to investigate the relationship between statins and the risk of different stages or grades of prostate cancer. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A comprehensive literature search was performed for articles published until December 18, 2020, on the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases. The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were then analyzed using the STATA.16.0 software. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 588,055 patients from 14 studies were included in the analysis. We found that the use of statins expressed a significant correlation with a lower risk of advanced prostate cancer (RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.73–0.91; RR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75–0.99, respectively). However, no evidence suggested that the use of statins was beneficial for the prevention of localized prostate cancer incidence. Similarly, the pooled results also revealed no association between the use of statins and the risk of high-grade and low-grade prostate cancer. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> It has been found that the use of statins is associated with a lower risk of advanced prostate cancer but was not related to the risk of localized, low-grade, or high-grade prostate cancer.

Pancreatic Cysts: Pathologic Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Clinical Implications

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olca Basturk ◽  
Ipek Coban ◽  
N. Volkan Adsay
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Pancreatic Cysts ◽  
Pancreatic Ducts ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
Cystic Tumors ◽  
Pathologic Classification

Abstract Context.—Cystic lesions of the pancreas are being recognized with increasing frequency and have become a more common finding in clinical practice because of the widespread use of advanced imaging modalities and the sharp drop in the mortality rate of pancreatic surgery. Consequently, in the past 2 decades, the nature of many cystic tumors in this organ has been better characterized, and significant developments have taken place in the classification and in our understanding of pancreatic cystic lesions. Objective.—To provide an overview of the current concepts in classification, differential diagnosis, and clinical/biologic behavior of pancreatic cystic tumors. Data Sources.—The authors' personal experience, based on institutional and consultation materials, combined with an analysis of the literature. Conclusions.—In contrast to solid tumors, most of which are invasive ductal adenocarcinomas with dismal prognosis, cystic lesions of the pancreas are often either benign or low-grade indolent neoplasia. However, those that are mucinous, namely, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms, constitute an important category because they have well-established malignant potential, representing an adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Those that are nonmucinous such as serous tumors, congenital cysts, lymphoepithelial cysts, and squamoid cyst of pancreatic ducts have no malignant potential. Only rare nonmucinous cystic tumors that occur as a result of degenerative/necrotic changes in otherwise solid neoplasia, such as cystic ductal adenocarcinomas, cystic pancreatic endocrine neoplasia, and solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm, are also malignant and have variable degrees of aggressiveness.

Associação entre obesidade e resultados graves do tratamento em pacientes com COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (47) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
Giordana Gregório Fritsch ◽  
Michael Wesley Schmidt ◽  
Antônio Carlos Gargioni Filho ◽  
Hussein Nasser Fares
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Obesity Paradox ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Worldwide Population ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Activation Component

The worldwide population is facing a double burden of epidemic, the COVID-19and obesity. This is even more alarming as obesity increases the COVID-19 severity. However, the relationship between obesity and COVID-19 severity is more complex than a simple association with BMI. In particular, obesity has been associated with low death rates in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, a fatal comorbidity to COVID-19, possibly due to the obesity paradox. Also, visceral adiposity could be a major risk factor for COVID- -19severity, due to its immune activation component, release of ACE2 and involvement in the cytokine storm, It is also known to correlate with metabolic disorders, low-grade inflammation and higher mortality rates.

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