scholarly journals Breastfeeding and Childhood Dental Caries: Results from a Socially Diverse Birth Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Agatha W. van Meijeren-van Lunteren ◽  
Trudy Voortman ◽  
Marlies E.C. Elfrink ◽  
Eppo B. Wolvius ◽  
Lea Kragt
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Ethnic Background ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk

Previous studies showed that prolonged breastfeeding increases the risk of caries. However, the observed associations were mainly based on non-European populations, and important confounding and mediating factors like socioeconomic position (SEP) and diet were often neglected. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of breastfeeding and bottle-feeding practices on dental caries during childhood while accounting for SEP, ethnic background, and sugar intake. This study was part of the Generation R Study, a prospective multiethnic cohort study conducted in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. In total, 4,146 children were included in the analyses. Information about feeding practices was derived from delivery reports and questionnaires during infancy. Caries was measured via intraoral photographs at the age of 6 years and defined as decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft). Negative binomial hurdle regression analyses were used to study the associations between several infant feeding practices and childhood caries. The prevalence of dental caries at the age of 6 years was 27.9% (<i>n</i> = 1,158). Prolonged breastfeeding (for &#x3e;12 months) was associated with dental caries (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.04–1.74) and the number of teeth affected by dental caries (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.03–1.56). Furthermore, nocturnal bottle-feeding was associated with dental caries (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.20–1.93). All associations were independent of family SEP, ethnic background, and sugar intake. Results from this Dutch cohort study confirmed the previously observed associations between prolonged breastfeeding and nocturnal bottle-feeding and the increased risk of childhood dental caries, even after proper adjustments for indicators of SEP, ethnic background, and sugar intake. Future studies are encouraged to elaborate further on possible explanations for the observed relationships. Healthcare professionals should be aware and advise caregivers about the potential risk of prolonged breastfeeding on caries development by applying the current recommendations on breastfeeding, oral hygiene, and feeding frequency.

scholarly journals Early childhood feeding practices and dental caries in preschool children: a multi-centre birth cohort study

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Arora ◽  
Jane A Scott ◽  
Sameer Bhole ◽  
Loc Do ◽  
Eli Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Birth Cohort Study

Breastfeeding Duration and Childhood Caries: A Cohort Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 498-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Areerat Nirunsittirat ◽  
Waranuch Pitiphat ◽  
Christy M. McKinney ◽  
Timothy A. DeRouen ◽  
Nusara Chansamak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
World Health ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Binomial Regression

This cohort study was conducted in Khon Kaen, Thailand, to test the hypothesis that a longer breastfeeding duration increases the risk for dental caries in primary teeth. We collected information on infant feeding practices and potential confounders using a structured questionnaire to interview mothers or caregivers during the second trimester of pregnancy and after birth at 21 days and at 3, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months. Regardless of other liquids and foods, full breastfeeding was defined as feeding breast milk but not formula, while any breastfeeding was feeding breast milk with or without formula. Two calibrated dentists measured dental caries when the children were 3-4 years of age using the decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (dmfs) index following the World Health Organization criteria. Negative binomial regression with a generalized linear model was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using dmfs as an outcome. Log-binomial regression was performed to model the caries prevalence. Of 556 children, 88.1% had dental caries with a mean dmfs of 14.2. Full breastfeeding for 6-11 months was significantly associated with a lower dmfs (adjusted RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63, 0.93) and a lower caries prevalence (adjusted RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.22, 0.90). The frequency of sleeping while breast- or bottle-feeding increased the caries risk in a dose-response manner. There was no association between duration of any breastfeeding and dental caries. In conclusion, full breastfeeding for 6-11 months may protect against dental caries in primary teeth. Prolonged breastfeeding was not associated with dental caries in this population.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular disease in people born to unmarried mothers in two historical periods: The Helsinki Birth Cohort Study 1934–1944

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110197
Author(s):  
H. Maiju Mikkonen ◽  
Minna K. Salonen ◽  
Antti Häkkinen ◽  
Clive Osmond ◽  
Johan G. Eriksson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
World War ◽  
Unmarried Mothers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Married Mothers ◽  
Historical Periods

Aims:Socio-economic conditions in early life are important contributors to cardiovascular disease – the leading cause of mortality globally – in later life. We studied coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in adulthood among people born out of wedlock in two historical periods: before and during World War II in Finland. Methods: We compared offspring born out of wedlock before (1934–1939) and during (1940–1944) World War II with the offspring of married mothers in the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study. The war affected the position of unmarried mothers in society. We followed the study subjects from 1971 to 2014 and identified deaths and hospital admissions from CHD and stroke. Data were analysed using a Cox regression, adjusting for other childhood and adulthood socio-economic circumstances. Results: The rate of out-of-wedlock births was 240/4052 (5.9%) before World War II and 397/9197 (4.3%) during World War II. Among those born before World War II, out-of-wedlock birth was associated with an increased risk of stroke (hazard ratio (HR)=1.44; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00–2.07) and CHD (HR=1.37; 95% CI 1.02–1.86). Among those born out of wedlock during World War II, the risks of stroke (HR=0.89; 95% CI 0.58–1.36) and CHD (HR=0.70; 95% CI 0.48=1.03) were similar to those observed for the offspring of married mothers. The p-values for interaction of unmarried×World War II were ( p=0.015) for stroke and ( p=0.003) for CHD. Conclusions: In a society in which marriage is normative, being born out of wedlock is an important predictor of lifelong health disadvantage. However, this may change rapidly when societal circumstances change, such as during a war.

Early-life patterns of sugar consumption and dental caries in the permanent teeth: a birth cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Feldens ◽  
Igor Fonseca dos Santos ◽  
Paulo Floriani Kramer ◽  
Márcia Regina Vítolo ◽  
Vanessa Simas Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Sugar Consumption ◽  
Life Patterns

scholarly journals Impact of Cleft lip and Palate on Mother-to-Infant Bonding: a Cross-Sectional Study in the Japan Environment and Children's Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinobu Tsuchiya ◽  
Masahiro Tsuchiya ◽  
Haruki Momma ◽  
Takeyoshi Koseki ◽  
Kaoru Igarashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Maternal Depression ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is among the most prevalent congenital birth defects. They negatively affect maternal psychological status and may consequently result in higher prevalence of child maltreatment. However, the association of CL/P births with bonding disorders still remains unclear. To address this question, we examined the impact of CL/P birth on mother-to-infant bonding, using the nationwide birth cohort study, Japan Environment and Children's Study. Methods This study was conducted as a nationwide birth cohort study of the Japan environment and children’s study (JECS), an ongoing nationwide birth cohort study in Japan. 104,065 of foetuses in fifteen regional centres in JECS were enrolled. Finally, the participants consisted of 79,140 mother-infant pairs, of which 211 mothers with CL/P infants were included in our analyses. Results First, no increased risk of bonding disorders was observed among all the mothers with CL/P births (odds ratio [95% CI]; 0.97 [0.63-1.48], p = 0.880), and advanced maternal age or multiple parity would adversely affect the associations between bonding disorders and CL/P births, respectively. Thus, after stratification with a combination of maternal age and parity, a significant association of CL/P birth with bonding disorders was found only among advanced-age multiparae (OR [95% CI] = 2.51 [1.17-5.37], p = 0.018), but it was weakened after additional adjustment for maternal depression. Conclusion CL/P birth may increase the risk of bonding disorders among advanced-age multiparae possibly through maternal depression. This finding provides valuable information for the provision of multidisciplinary cleft care.

Visceral obesity is associated with clinical and inflammatory features of asthma: A prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-356
Author(s):  
Ke Deng ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Gai Ping Cheng ◽  
Hong Ping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Although studies have consistently linked obesity and asthma, the potential influence of visceral obesity on asthma has not been well investigated. Objective: To study the associations of visceral fat area (VFA) and clinical and inflammatory features of asthma and to further explore the effects of VFA on the future risk of asthma exacerbation. Methods: A 12-month prospective cohort study based on the Australasian Severe Asthma Network was designed to observe patients with stable asthma grouped by the median value of VFA. The clinical and inflammatory features of asthma were compared between the low VFA (VFAlow) and high VFA (VFAhigh) groups. Relationships between VFA and clinical and inflammatory features of asthma were analyzed by using correlation analysis. Univariate and multivariable negative binomial regression analyses were performed to investigate the association of VFA with exacerbations within a 12-month follow-up period. Results: The patients in the VFAhigh group were older and had a longer asthma duration. Interleukin (IL) 6 and IL-8 in sputum were higher, whereas fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and blood eosinophils were lower in the VFAhigh group. Gender-differentiated correlations of VFA with clinical and inflammatory variables were observed in age, FeNO, immunoglobulin E, blood total white cells and neutrophils, and sputum IL-1β and IL-8. Furthermore, compared with the VFAlow group, the VFAhigh group was at significantly increased risk of moderate-to-severe exacerbations (adjusted incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.55 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.06‐2.28; p = 0.025), severe exacerbations (adjusted IRR 2.25 [95% CI, 1.26‐4.04]; p = 0.007), and emergency visits (adjusted IRR 5.33 [95% CI, 1.78‐17.16]; p = 0.003). Conclusion: The level of VFA was associated with specific clinical and inflammatory characteristics of asthma. Furthermore, VFA, as an independent risk factor, was associated with an increased risk of exacerbations. It indicated that VFA would provide more potential clinical implications for asthma management.

scholarly journals Macrosomic Neonates Carry Increased Risk of Dental Caries in Early Childhood: Findings from a Cohort Study, the Okinawa Child Health Study, Japan

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0133872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yokomichi ◽  
Taichiro Tanaka ◽  
Kohta Suzuki ◽  
Tomoki Akiyama ◽  
Zentaro Yamagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Increased Risk

Increased risk of violent recidivism among adult males is related to single-parent family during childhood: the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-548
Author(s):  
Outi Koskinen ◽  
Anu Sauvola ◽  
Pauliina Valonen ◽  
Helinä Hakko ◽  
Marjo-Riitta Järvelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Single Parent ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Single Parent Family ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Violent Recidivism

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Caries and Periodontal Status in UK Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Papadaki ◽  
Gail V A Douglas ◽  
Alaa HaniBani ◽  
Jing Kang
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Uk

AbstractBackgroundGender inequalities in dental caries and periodontal diseases have been observed among adults. However, literature is scarce for children and evidence on gender inequalities regarding caries and/or periodontal diseases is vague. Our aim is to examine potential gender differences in UK children regarding caries experience and periodontal status using data from the UK’s 2013 Children’s Dental Health Survey (CDHS).MethodsCDHS included children aged 5, 8, 12 and 15 years. Their dental caries experience and periodontal status were reported using the number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT or dmft for permanent or primary dentition at both D1 and D3 thresholds) and the basic periodontal examination (BPE) score, respectively. Zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) models were used to fit DMFT/dmft and a multinomial logistic regression (MLR) model was used for BPE scores after adjustment for possible confounding factors, to assess the gender inequality on DMFT/dmft and BPE in the UK children.ResultsThe analyses included 9,866 children. No gender inequalities in caries experience were observed in the 5 and 8-year-old children regardless of the threshold at which dental caries were examined. However, for the 12- and 15-year-old adolescents, females had higher D3MFT scores compared to males (IRR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.10-1.49 and IRR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.00-1.35, respectively). Additionally, the 15-year-old females had lower probability to be caries free (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.45-0.82), regardless of the threshold at which dental caries were examined. With regards to the periodontal status, no statistically significant gender inequalities (p>0.05) were observed.ConclusionsIn the UK, female adolescents had experienced more carious lesions compared to males of the same age group, when dental caries were examined into dentine (D3MFT). However, 15-year-old males matched females in their caries experience, when the early enamel lesions were included in caries diagnosis (D1MFT). With regard to the periodontal status, no gender dissimilarity was confirmed among British adolescents. The increased risk of adolescent females to dental caries may signify additional needs for prevention and improved oral care.

scholarly journals The Dietary Inflammatory Index and All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer Mortality in the Multiethnic Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song-Yi Park ◽  
Minji Kang ◽  
Lynne Wilkens ◽  
Yurii Shvetsov ◽  
Brook Harmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Diet quality based on inflammatory potential, assessed by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), has been related to mortality, but studies from racially/ethnically diverse populations are scarce. Using data from the Multiethnic Cohort Study in Hawaii and California, we investigated the association of the DII with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality, both overall and by race/ethnicity. The analysis included 150,405 African Americans, Native Hawaiians, Japanese Americans, Latinos, and Whites aged 45–75 years, with 47,436 deaths during an average follow-up of 18.2 ± 4.9 years. In multivariable-adjusted Cox models, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the highest vs. lowest quintile of the DII in men and women were 1.15 (1.09–1.21) and 1.22 (1.14–1.28) for all-cause, 1.13 (1.03–1.23) and 1.29 (1.17–1.42) for CVD, and 1.10 (1.00–1.21) and 1.13 (1.02–1.26) for cancer mortality. In men, an increased risk of all-cause mortality with higher DII scores was found in all racial/ethnic groups except for Native Hawaiians (P for heterogeneity < 0.001). Similarly, in women, an increased risk of CVD mortality was found in the four racial/ethnic groups, but not in Native Hawaiians. These findings support the association of a pro-inflammatory diet with a higher risk of mortality and suggest the association may vary by race/ethnicity.

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