Comparison of Cytokines in Skin Biopsies and Tape Strips from Adults with Atopic Dermatitis

Dermatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Stine Simonsen ◽  
Peter Brøgger ◽  
Sanja Kezic ◽  
Jacob P. Thyssen ◽  
Lone Skov
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Tape Stripping ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Control Skin

Skin biomarkers for disease severity and treatment response in atopic dermatitis (AD) are needed. Biopsies cause scarring and tape stripping represents an alternative minimally invasive method for stratum corneum sampling. In this study, we examined the gene expression of cytokines in skin biopsies and cytokines in stratum corneum tape strips collected from adults with AD. We collected punch biopsies and tape strips from healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 6) and subjects with AD (<i>n</i> = 12) at baseline and after 2 weeks of topical treatment with mometasone furoate 0.1% cream. We found that IFN-γ, IL-13, and IL-10 mRNA (biopsies) and IL-1β protein expression levels (tape strips) were significantly increased in lesional AD skin compared to healthy control skin. Treatment with topical corticosteroid led to a significant decrease in mRNA levels for IL-13 and IL-4R but no significant differences in cytokine protein levels measured in tape strips. Finally, we found no significant correlations between cytokine levels in tape strips and mRNA levels in skin biopsies.

scholarly journals Side-by-Side Comparison of Skin Biopsies and Skin Tape Stripping Highlights Abnormal Stratum Corneum in Atopic Dermatitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (11) ◽  
pp. 2387-2389.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Eui Kim ◽  
Elena Goleva ◽  
Peter S. Kim ◽  
Kathryn Norquest ◽  
Caroline Bronchick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Tape Stripping ◽  
Skin Biopsies

scholarly journals Cytokine concentration across the stratum corneum in atopic dermatitis and healthy controls

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja-Lisa Clausen ◽  
S. Kezic ◽  
C. M. Olesen ◽  
T. Agner
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Tape Stripping ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Lesional Skin ◽  
Cytokine Milieu ◽  
Healthy Control

AbstractTape stripping is a promising technique for assessment of epidermal biomarkers in inflammatory skin diseases. However, to facilitate its implementation in the clinical practice, a thorough validation regarding sampling strategy is needed. Knowledge of biomarkers variation in concentration across stratum corneum is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the variability of cytokines across stratum corneum using tape stripping technique by consecutive application of 21 adhesive tapes (D-squame) to lesional and non-lesional skin from 15 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and 16 healthy controls. Concentration of cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1b, IL-5, IL-18, IFN-γ, CCL17, CCL22, CCL27, CXCL8, CXCL10, TNF-α, TSLP, VEGFA) was determined in five different depths, using multiplex immunoassay. Comparing tape 4 with tape 21, no cytokine changed significantly in concentration in AD lesional skin. In AD non-lesional skin a small decrease was found for CCL17, CXCL8 and CXCL10. For healthy controls, a decrease was found for IL-1a, IL-1b, VEGFA and an increase for IL-18. Differences were found between AD skin and healthy control skin. Concentration of cytokines was stable across stratum corneum, indicating that sampling of only one tape from the stratum corneum is reliable in reflecting the overall cytokine milieu. Differences between AD and healthy skin confirm robustness of tape stripping for measuring cytokine levels.

scholarly journals Surfactant protein A reduces TLR4 and inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels in neonatal mouse ileum

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidan Liu ◽  
Chaim Z. Aron ◽  
Cullen M. Grable ◽  
Adrian Robles ◽  
Xiangli Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proinflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Surfactant Protein A ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cytokine Mrna ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cytokine Levels

AbstractLevels of intestinal toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) impact inflammation in the neonatal gastrointestinal tract. While surfactant protein A (SP-A) is known to regulate TLR4 in the lung, it also reduces intestinal damage, TLR4 and inflammation in an experimental model of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonatal rats. We hypothesized that SP-A-deficient (SP-A−/−) mice have increased ileal TLR4 and inflammatory cytokine levels compared to wild type mice, impacting intestinal physiology. We found that ileal TLR4 and proinflammatory cytokine levels were significantly higher in infant SP-A−/− mice compared to wild type mice. Gavage of neonatal SP-A−/− mice with purified SP-A reduced ileal TLR4 protein levels. SP-A reduced expression of TLR4 and proinflammatory cytokines in normal human intestinal epithelial cells (FHs74int), suggesting a direct effect. However, incubation of gastrointestinal cell lines with proteasome inhibitors did not abrogate the effect of SP-A on TLR4 protein levels, suggesting that proteasomal degradation is not involved. In a mouse model of experimental NEC, SP-A−/− mice were more susceptible to intestinal stress resembling NEC, while gavage with SP-A significantly decreased ileal damage, TLR4 and proinflammatory cytokine mRNA levels. Our data suggests that SP-A has an extrapulmonary role in the intestinal health of neonatal mice by modulating TLR4 and proinflammatory cytokines mRNA expression in intestinal epithelium.

scholarly journals Expression Profiles of Genes Encoding Cornified Envelope Proteins in Atopic Dermatitis and Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 862
Author(s):  
Magdalena Trzeciak ◽  
Berenika Olszewska ◽  
Monika Sakowicz-Burkiewicz ◽  
Małgorzata Sokołowska-Wojdyło ◽  
Jerzy Jankau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Cornified Envelope ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
T Cell Lymphomas

The skin barrier defect in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) was recently confirmed to be similar to the one observed in atopic dermatitis (AD). We have examined the expression level of cornified envelope (CE) proteins in CTCL, AD and healthy skin, to search for the differences and their relation to the courses of both diseases. The levels of FLG, FLG2, RPTN, HRNR, SPRR1A, SPRR1B, SPRR3 and LELP-1 mRNA were determined by qRT-PCR, while protein levels were examined using the ELISA method in skin samples. We have found that mRNA levels of FLG, FLG2, LOR, CRNN and SPRR3v1 were decreased (p ≤ 0.04), whereas mRNA levels of RPTN, HRNR and SPRR1Av1 were increased in lesional and nonlesional AD skin compared to the healthy control group (p ≤ 0.04). The levels of FLG, FLG2, CRNN, SPRR3v1 mRNA increased (p ≤ 0.02) and RPTN, HRNR and SPRR1Av1 mRNA decreased (p ≤ 0.005) in CTCL skin compared to the lesional AD skin. There was a strong correlation between the stage of CTCL and increased SPRR1Av1 gene expression at both mRNA (R = 0.89; p ≤ 0.05) and protein levels (R = 0.94; p ≤ 0.05). FLG, FLG2, RPTN, HRNR and SPRR1A seem to play a key role in skin barrier dysfunction in CTCL and could be considered a biomarker for differential diagnosis of AD and CTCL. SPRR1Av1 transcript levels seem to be a possible marker of CTCL stage, however, further studies on a larger study group are needed to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals Stratum Corneum Tape Stripping: Monitoring of Inflammatory Mediators in Atopic Dermatitis Patients Using Topical Therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 170 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjors A. Koppes ◽  
Richard Brans ◽  
Suzana Ljubojevic Hadzavdic ◽  
Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen ◽  
Thomas Rustemeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Tape Stripping

scholarly journals Measurements of AMPs in stratum corneum of atopic dermatitis and healthy skin–tape stripping technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja-Lisa Clausen ◽  
H.-C. Slotved ◽  
Karen A. Krogfelt ◽  
Tove Agner
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Tape Stripping ◽  
Healthy Skin

scholarly journals Spontaneously Resolved Atopic Dermatitis Shows Melanocyte and Immune Cell Activation Distinct From Healthy Control Skin

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Rindler ◽  
Thomas Krausgruber ◽  
Felix M. Thaler ◽  
Natalia Alkon ◽  
Christine Bangert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Spontaneous Remission ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Tissue Fluid ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Control Skin

Atopic dermatitis (AD) typically starts in infancy or early childhood, showing spontaneous remission in a subset of patients, while others develop lifelong disease. Despite an increased understanding of AD, factors guiding its natural course are only insufficiently elucidated. We thus performed suction blistering in skin of adult patients with stable, spontaneous remission from previous moderate-to-severe AD during childhood. Samples were compared to healthy controls without personal or familial history of atopy, and to chronic, active AD lesions. Skin cells and tissue fluid obtained were used for single-cell RNA sequencing and proteomic multiplex assays, respectively. We found overall cell composition and proteomic profiles of spontaneously healed AD to be comparable to healthy control skin, without upregulation of typical AD activity markers (e.g., IL13, S100As, and KRT16). Among all cell types in spontaneously healed AD, melanocytes harbored the largest numbers of differentially expressed genes in comparison to healthy controls, with upregulation of potentially anti-inflammatory markers such as PLA2G7. Conventional T-cells also showed increases in regulatory markers, and a general skewing toward a more Th1-like phenotype. By contrast, gene expression of regulatory T-cells and keratinocytes was essentially indistinguishable from healthy skin. Melanocytes and conventional T-cells might thus contribute a specific regulatory milieu in spontaneously healed AD skin.

scholarly journals Changes in Cytokine Levels during Reactivation of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Lungs

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 2082-2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Filice ◽  
Connie R. Clabots ◽  
Paul E. Riciputi ◽  
Oscar Goñi-Laguardia ◽  
Claire Pomeroy
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Cmv Disease

ABSTRACT We studied cytokine proteins and mRNAs in mice with two forms ofToxoplasma gondii pneumonia resulting from reactivation of infection. In the first form, mice were infected with T. gondii, developed and recovered from systemic disease, and then developed pneumonia 3 weeks later. As pulmonary inflammation developed, levels of cytokine mRNAs for gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, and IL-10 increased in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells or lung tissue, and the level of IFN-γ protein increased in BAL fluid. The second form of pneumonia occurred as a complication of primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in mice with dormant T. gondii infection. During CMV disease, IL-2 mRNA levels decreased in lung tissue, IL-10 protein levels increased in lung tissue, and IL-10 protein levels increased in BAL fluid. As the mice recovered from CMV disease, T. gondii infection was reactivated in the lungs and was manifested as T. gondii pneumonia. During CMV-inducedT. gondii pneumonia, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 mRNA levels increased in BAL cells or lung tissue, and both IFN-γ and IL-2 protein levels increased in BAL fluid. We concluded that both forms of T. gondii pneumonia are accompanied by increases in both type 1 T-helper and type 2 T-helper cytokine levels in lungs. The mechanism of CMV-induced reactivation ofT. gondii infection in lungs may involve local decreases in IL-2 levels and/or increases in IL-10 levels.

scholarly journals A case of recalcitrant linear morphea responding to subcutaneous abatacept

2021 ◽  
pp. 239719832098324
Author(s):  
Jordan Talia ◽  
Carole Bitar ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Michael L Whitfield ◽  
Dinesh Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
M1 Macrophages ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Alternative Agent ◽  
Systemic Glucocorticoids ◽  
Significant Enrichment ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Control Skin

Introduction: Linear morphea is an inflammatory condition that is often treated with systemic glucocorticoids and methotrexate, with mycophenolate mofetil being used as an alternative agent. However, there are few published reports on beneficial effect of abatacept for refractory disease. We present a case of a woman in her 30s who presented with linear morphea on her scalp, with a notable response following the addition of subcutaneous abatacept. Methods: Computational analysis was performed comparing the immune cell scores of skin biopsies from five morphea skin biopsies from three additional unique patients and 15 healthy control skin biopsies. Value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Immune cell scores demonstrated a statistically significant enrichment of activated CD4 memory T cells, M1 macrophages, monocytes, and memory B cells comparing skin biopsies of morphea versus healthy controls (p < 0.05 for all). Discussion: Abatacept may be considered for recalcitrant cases of morphea. Our computational analysis supports a well-designed study is needed to assess abatacept as first-line therapy.

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