Risk Factors of Persistent Hydrocephalus in Children with Brain Tumor: A Retrospective Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Chiara Pilotto ◽  
Ilaria Liguoro ◽  
Serena Scaravetti ◽  
Eva Passone ◽  
Serena D’Agostini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Postoperative Phase ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Postoperative Mri ◽  
Persistent Hydrocephalus

<b><i>Object:</i></b> Hydrocephalus is one of the main complications of brain tumors in children, being present in about 50% of cases at the time of the tumor diagnosis and persisting up to 10–40% of cases after surgical resection. This is a single-institution retrospective study on the variables that may predict the need for treatment of persistent hydrocephalus in pediatric patients presenting with a brain tumor. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Retrospective case note review of 43 newly diagnosed brain tumors in children referred between April 2012 and January 2018 to our regional pediatric neuro-oncology service was carried out. Diagnosis of hydrocephalus was carried out using both preoperative and postoperative MRI to determine Evans’ index (EI) and the fronto-occipital horn ratio (FOHR) from each scan. Simple logistic regression was used to analyze categorical variables as appropriate. A <i>p</i> value &#x3c;0.05 was considered significant. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Forty-three children were analyzed, 26 males and 17 females with a median age at diagnosis 10.4 years (IQR: 5.2–13.5). Hydrocephalus was present in 22/43 children (51%) preoperatively; in 8/22 children (36%) with hydrocephalus undergoing tumor resection, hydrocephalus persisted also in the postoperative period. An EI &#x3e;0.34 (<i>p</i> = 0.028) and an FOHR &#x3e;0.46 (<i>p</i> = 0.05) before surgery were associated with a higher prevalence of persistent hydrocephalus and therefore to the need for a cerebrospinal fluid drain device in the postoperative phase. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Preoperative identification of children at risk for developing persistent hydrocephalus would avoid delays in planning the permanent cerebrospinal fluid drain devices. This study finds that an EI &#x3e;0.34 and an FOHR &#x3e;0.46 at diagnosis could impact on the therapeutic management of children with hydrocephalus associated with brain tumors. Prospective and larger-scale studies are needed to standardize this approach.

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal Fluid MicroRNA Signatures as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Brain Tumors

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Kopkova ◽  
Jiri Sana ◽  
Tana Machackova ◽  
Marek Vecera ◽  
Lenka Radova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Mirna Profiling ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Cns Malignancies

Central nervous system (CNS) malignancies include primary tumors that originate within the CNS as well as secondary tumors that develop as a result of metastatic spread. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) were found in almost all human body fluids including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and they seem to be highly stable and resistant to even extreme conditions. The overall aim of our study was to identify specific CSF miRNA patterns that could differentiate among brain tumors. These new biomarkers could potentially aid borderline or uncertain imaging results onto diagnosis of CNS malignancies, avoiding most invasive procedures such as stereotactic biopsy or biopsy. In total, 175 brain tumor patients (glioblastomas, low-grade gliomas, meningiomas and brain metastases), and 40 non-tumor patients with hydrocephalus as controls were included in this prospective monocentric study. Firstly, we performed high-throughput miRNA profiling (Illumina small RNA sequencing) on a discovery cohort of 70 patients and 19 controls and identified specific miRNA signatures of all brain tumor types tested. Secondly, validation of 9 candidate miRNAs was carried out on an independent cohort of 105 brain tumor patients and 21 controls using qRT-PCR. Based on the successful results of validation and various combination patterns of only 5 miRNA levels (miR-30e, miR-140, let-7b, mR-10a and miR-21-3p) we proposed CSF-diagnostic scores for each tumor type which enabled to distinguish them from healthy donors and other tumor types tested. In addition to this primary diagnostic tool, we described the prognostic potential of the combination of miR-10b and miR-196b levels in CSF of glioblastoma patients. In conclusion, we performed the largest study so far focused on CSF miRNA profiling in patients with brain tumors, and we believe that this new class of biomarkers have a strong potential as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in these patients.

scholarly journals GENE-03. SPECIFIC SIGNATURES OF microRNA IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS AND METASTASES

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi98-vi98
Author(s):  
Radim Jancalek ◽  
Martin Smrcka ◽  
Alena Kopkova ◽  
Jiri Sana ◽  
Marek Vecera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Independent Set ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Primary Brain Tumors ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) baths extracellular environment of the central nervous system, and thus, it is ideal source of tumor diagnostic biomarkers like microRNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding RNAs involved in the pathogenesis of many cancers. As dysregulated levels of brain tumor specific miRNAs have been already observed in CSF, analysis of CSF miRNAs in brain tumor patients might help to develop new diagnostic platform. Next-Generation sequencing (NGS) was performed for analysis of small RNAs in 89 CSF samples taken from 32 glioblastomas (GBM), 14 low-grade gliomas (LGG), 11 meningiomas, 13 brain metastases and 19 non-tumor donors. Subsequently, according to NGS results levels of 10 miRNAs were measured in independent set of CSF samples (41 GBM, 44 meningiomas, 12 brain metastases and 20 non-tumor donors) using TaqMan Advanced miRNA Assays. NGS analysis revealed 22, 12 and 35 CSF miRNAs with significantly different levels in GBM, meningiomas, and brain metastases (adj.p < 0.0005, adj.p < 0.01, and adj.p < 0.005) respectively, in comparison with non-tumor CSF samples. Subsequent validation of selected CSF miRNAs has confirmed different levels of 7 miRNAs in GBM, 2 in meningiomas, and 2 in brain metastases compared to non-tumors. Panel of miR-30e-5p and miR-140-5p was able to distinguish brain metastases with 65% sensitivity and 100% specificity compared to non-tumor samples (AUC = 0.8167); panel of miR-21-3p and miR-196-5p classified metastatic patients with 78% sensitivity and 92 % specificity in comparison to GBM (AUC = 0.90854) and with 75% sensitivity and 83% specificity compared to meningiomas (AUC = 0.84848). We have observed that CSFs from patients with various primary brain tumors and metastases are characterized by specific miRNA signatures. This work was supported by the Ministry of Health, Czech Republic grant nr. NV18-03-00398 and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Czech Republic under the project CEITEC 2020 (LQ1601).

scholarly journals New Hope in Brain Glioma Surgery: The Role of Intraoperative Ultrasound. A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pino ◽  
Alessia Imperato ◽  
Irene Musca ◽  
Rosario Maugeri ◽  
Giuseppe Giammalva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Intraoperative Ultrasound ◽  
Tumor Surgery ◽  
Brain Tumor Surgery ◽  
Glioma Surgery ◽  
Pubmed Database

Maximal safe resection represents the gold standard for surgery of malignant brain tumors. As regards gross-total resection, accurate localization and precise delineation of the tumor margins are required. Intraoperative diagnostic imaging (Intra-Operative Magnetic Resonance-IOMR, Intra-Operative Computed Tomography-IOCT, Intra-Operative Ultrasound-IOUS) and dyes (fluorescence) have become relevant in brain tumor surgery, allowing for a more radical and safer tumor resection. IOUS guidance for brain tumor surgery is accurate in distinguishing tumor from normal parenchyma, and it allows a real-time intraoperative visualization. We aim to evaluate the role of IOUS in gliomas surgery and to outline specific strategies to maximize its efficacy. We performed a literature research through the Pubmed database by selecting each article which was focused on the use of IOUS in brain tumor surgery, and in particular in glioma surgery, published in the last 15 years (from 2003 to 2018). We selected 39 papers concerning the use of IOUS in brain tumor surgery, including gliomas. IOUS exerts a notable attraction due to its low cost, minimal interruption of the operational flow, and lack of radiation exposure. Our literature review shows that increasing the use of ultrasound in brain tumors allows more radical resections, thus giving rise to increases in survival.

Assessing Bimanual Performance in Brain Tumor Resection With NeuroTouch, a Virtual Reality Simulator

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad E Alotaibi ◽  
Gmaan A AlZhrani ◽  
Muhammad AS Mullah ◽  
Abdulrahman J Sabbagh ◽  
Hamed Azarnoush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Ultrasonic Aspirator ◽  
Bimanual Performance ◽  
Brain Tumor Resection ◽  
Junior Residents

Abstract BACKGROUND Validated procedures to objectively measure neurosurgical bimanual psychomotor skills are unavailable. The NeuroTouch simulator provides metrics to determine bimanual performance, but validation is essential before implementation of this platform into neurosurgical training, assessment, and curriculum development. OBJECTIVE To develop, evaluate, and validate neurosurgical bimanual performance metrics for resection of simulated brain tumors with NeuroTouch. METHODS Bimanual resection of 8 simulated brain tumors with differing color, stiffness, and border complexity was evaluated. Metrics assessed included blood loss, tumor percentage resected, total simulated normal brain volume removed, total tip path lengths, maximum and sum of forces used by instruments, efficiency index, ultrasonic aspirator path length index, coordination index, and ultrasonic aspirator bimanual forces ratio. Six neurosurgeons and 12 residents (6 senior and 6 junior) were evaluated. RESULTS Increasing tumor complexity impaired resident bimanual performance significantly more than neurosurgeons. Operating on black vs glioma-colored tumors resulted in significantly higher blood loss and lower tumor percentage, whereas altering tactile cues from hard to soft decreased resident tumor resection. Regardless of tumor complexity, significant differences were found between neurosurgeons, senior residents, and junior residents in efficiency index and ultrasonic aspirator path length index. Ultrasonic aspirator bimanual force ratio outlined significant differences between senior and junior residents, whereas coordination index demonstrated significant differences between junior residents and neurosurgeons. CONCLUSION The NeuroTouch platform incorporating the simulated scenarios and metrics used differentiates novice from expert neurosurgical performance, demonstrating NeuroTouch face, content, and construct validity and the possibility of developing brain tumor resection proficiency performance benchmarks.

scholarly journals Potential biomarkers of childhood brain tumor identified by proteomics of cerebrospinal fluid from extraventricular drainage (EVD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Bruschi ◽  
Andrea Petretto ◽  
Armando Cama ◽  
Marco Pavanello ◽  
Martina Bartolucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Bodily Fluids

AbstractBrain tumors are the most common solid tumors in childhood. There is the need for biomarkers of residual disease, therapy response and recurrence. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a source of brain tumor biomarkers. We analyzed the proteome of waste CSF from extraventricular drainage (EVD) from 29 children bearing different brain tumors and 17 controls needing EVD insertion for unrelated causes. 1598 and 1526 proteins were identified by liquid chromatography-coupled tandem mass spectrometry proteomics in CSF control and brain tumor patients, respectively, 263 and 191 proteins being exclusive of either condition. Bioinformatic analysis revealed promising protein biomarkers for the discrimination between control and tumor (TATA-binding protein-associated factor 15 and S100 protein B). Moreover, Thymosin beta-4 (TMSB4X) and CD109, and 14.3.3 and HSP90 alpha could discriminate among other brain tumors and low-grade gliomas plus glyoneuronal tumors/pilocytic astrocytoma, or embryonal tumors/medulloblastoma. Biomarkers were validated by ELISA assay. Our method was able to distinguish among brain tumor vs non-tumor/hemorrhagic conditions (controls) and to differentiate two large classes of brain tumors. Further prospective studies may assess whether the biomarkers proposed by our discovery approach can be identified in other bodily fluids, therefore less invasively, and are useful to guide therapy and predict recurrences.

INTRAOPERATIVE ARACHNOID AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID SAMPLING IN CHILDREN WITH POSTERIOR FOSSA BRAIN TUMORS

Neurosurgery ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark M. Souweidane ◽  
Peter F. Morgenstern ◽  
Paul J. Christos ◽  
Mark A. Edgar ◽  
Yasmin Khakoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Event Free Survival ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Conventional Staging

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to determine whether arachnoid tissue or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling is valuable for risk stratification in children with posterior fossa brain tumors. METHODS Arachnoid tissue and CSF from the cisterna magna (CSFCM) was sampled at the time of primary tumor resection. Results were compared with conventional staging methods (M stage) and correlated with patient outcome. RESULTS Eighty-three patients were enrolled in the study. Arachnoid infiltration was identified in 11 of 80 (13.8%) and CSFCM was positive in 20 of 77 (26.0%) specimens. Arachnoid infiltration and CSF cytology were found in 20.0% and 44.8%, respectively, for medulloblastoma/pineoblastoma (primitive neuroectodermal tumor), 6.9% and 3.6% for pilocytic astrocytoma, and 0.0% and 33.3% for ependymoma. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) was negatively influenced by either arachnoid infiltration (40.9% arachnoid positive versus 65.4% arachnoid negative; P = 0.23) or CSFCM positivity (52.6% CSFCM positive versus 67.1% CSFCM negative; P = 0.03). The 3-year EFS for patients with primitive neuroectodermal tumor who had positive arachnoid sampling was 33.3%, compared with 67.3% in patients who had no evidence of arachnoid infiltration (P = 0.26). The 3-year EFS for patients with primitive neuroectodermal tumor who had positive CSFCM was 50.0% compared with 67.5% in patients who had negative cytological analysis of CSFCM (P = 0.07). Arachnoid infiltration and CSF sampling were congruous with M stage in 73.3% and 86.2% of patients, respectively. CONCLUSION Intraoperative evidence of arachnoid infiltration or CSFCM dissemination in patients with posterior fossa brain tumors occurs at a variable frequency that is dependent on tumor type, correlates with conventional M stage, and may be predictive of outcome.

scholarly journals Influence of Epilepsy on the Quality of Life of Patients with Brain Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6390
Author(s):  
Stanisław Krajewski ◽  
Magdalena Wójcik ◽  
Marek Harat ◽  
Jacek Furtak
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Memory Disorders ◽  
Generalized Seizures ◽  
Daily Physical Activities ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a common consequence of brain tumors, occurring in 35 to 75% of cases. Here we evaluated the influence of epilepsy on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with malignant brain tumors (primary and metastatic) and assessed which areas of function are most affected by epilepsy and brain tumors. Sixty patients undergoing brain tumor surgery at the Neurosurgery Clinic of the 10th Military Research Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland (30 with epilepsy and 30 without epilepsy) were studied. Relationships between categorical variables were determined with Pearson’s chi-squared test, while continuous data were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U-test. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A multiple regression model was used for multivariate analysis of QoL. Patients with epilepsy more frequently reported memory disorders as a problem in their daily life. There were trends towards greater impairments in social, professional, and family life, sports and recreational activities, and daily physical activities in brain tumor patients with epilepsy rather than those without epilepsy. Higher frequency and generalized seizures significantly and adversely influenced the ability of patients to leave home and drive vehicles, but a proportion of patients with frequent, generalized seizures continued to drive regardless. Patients with generalized seizures considered the adverse effects of taking medicines as significantly disruptive. Memory disorders significantly affect the QoL of patients with epilepsy, and the importance of stopping driving must be emphasized by all healthcare professionals.

scholarly journals TB-9 An attempt to establish a patient-derived brain tumor culture model by organoid culture method

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi7-vi7
Author(s):  
Hideki Kuroda ◽  
Noriyuki Kijima ◽  
Tomoyoshi Nakagawa ◽  
Ryuichi Hirayama ◽  
Yoshiko Okita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Molecular Heterogeneity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Diffuse Astrocytoma ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Establishment Rate

Abstract Background: Molecular heterogeneity among and within tumors are one of the reasons for the poor survival rate of brain tumors even with the current standard therapy. However, monolayer culture and neuro-sphere culture (NS) use exogenous growth factors, so may not show the true nature of the tumor. And the culture establishment rate is low, especially low-grade tumors. Therefore, we used the glioblastoma organoid (GBO) culture method showed by Fadi to create culture models of various brain tumors and investigated their characteristics. Methods: We examined the establishment rate in pathological and genotypic types of 56 patients who underwent brain tumor resection at our hospital between January 2020 and June 2021 and were cultured with GBO or NS. If tumor cells are increased visually at 1 month after culture, we defined establishment. Results: There were 15 cases of glioblastoma, 7 cases of anaplastic astrocytoma, 7 cases of diffuse astrocytoma, 3 cases of diffuse midline glioma, 2 cases of anaplastic oligodendroglioma, 5 cases of oligodendroglioma, and 16 cases of others. The establishment rate was 76.5% by the GBO method and 40% by the N S method. By histological type, GBO: 80% in glioblastoma, NS: 58.3% in glioblastoma, GBO: 83.3% in AA, NS: 40% in AA, and GBO: 100% in DA. The IDH mutation and pTERT mutation were investigated in GBO: IDHwt/TERT+ 87.5%, IDHwt/TERT- 64.3%, IDHmt/TERT- 100%, and in NS: IDHwt/TERT+ 75%, IDHwt/TERT- 33.3%, IDHmt/ TERT- 20% in NS. In addition, establishment was observed in GBO 2 case in medulloblastoma, 1 case in ependymoma. Discussion and Conclusion: This suggest that GBO can be used to establish culture models for low-grade tumors. In addition, GBO can establish culture earlier, so it is expected to be applicable to personalized therapies such as preclinical drug efficacy studies tailored to individual patients.

scholarly journals Intraoperative infrared imaging of brain tumors

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 960-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Gorbach ◽  
John D. Heiss ◽  
Leonid Kopylev ◽  
Edward H. Oldfield
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Although clinical imaging defines the anatomical relationship between a brain tumor and the surrounding brain and neurological deficits indicate the neurophysiological consequences of the tumor, the effect of a brain tumor on vascular physiology is less clear. Methods. An infrared camera was used to measure the temperature of the cortical surface before, during, and after removal of a mass in 34 patients (primary brain tumor in 21 patients, brain metastases in 10 and falx meningioma, cavernous angioma, and radiation necrosis—astrocytosis in one patient each). To establish the magnitude of the effect on blood flow induced by the tumor, the images were compared with those from a group of six patients who underwent temporal lobectomy for epilepsy. In four cases a cerebral artery was temporarily occluded during the course of the surgery and infrared emissions from the cortex before and after occlusion were compared to establish the relationship of local temperature to regional blood flow. Discrete temperature gradients were associated with surgically verified lesions in all cases. Depending on the type of tumor, the cortex overlying the tumor was either colder or warmer than the surrounding cortex. Spatial reorganization of thermal gradients was observed after tumor resection. Temperature gradients of the cortex in patients with tumors exceeded those measured in the cortex of patients who underwent epilepsy surgery. Conclusions. Brain tumors induce changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the cortex, which can be made visible by performing infrared imaging during cranial surgery. A reduction in CBF beyond the tumor margin improves after removal of the lesion.

scholarly journals Post-surgical heart rate variability in patients with brain tumor and epileptic seizures

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
A A Miranda ◽  
V A Zhadnov ◽  
A A Magerramov
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epilepsy Syndrome ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Neurosurgical Department

Aim. To identify post-surgical perculiarities of heart rate variability in patients with brain tumors and symptomatic epilepsy.Methods. The study group consisted of 85 patients (43 males and 42 females) aged 22 to 83 years admitted to neurosurgical department of Ryazan regional clinical hospital with brain tumor. The control group consisted of 20 relatively healthy individuals. The study group was divided into 2 subgroups of patients with brain tumor associated with symptomatic epilepsy and brain tumors without epileptic seizures. Five-minute ECGs in 3 functional probes (baseline, hyperventilation and post-hyperventilation) before and after craniotomy with tumor resection were recorded. The following statistical analysis of time and frequency parameters of heart rate variability was performed.Results. Statistically significant differences in heart rate variability in pre- and post-surgical periods were found only in patients with epilepsy syndrome caused by brain tumor: mode increased by 11% in baseline and post-hyperventilation probes. Coefficient of variation and standard deviation were decreased by 29% in hyperventilation probe, index of centralization decreased by 60% in baseline probe and by 42% in post-hyperventilation probe. Statistically significant increase of high frequency power component by 46% was registered after surgical intervention in baseline probe and by 10% in post-hyperventilation probe. As opposed to this in the subgroup of patients with brain tumors and without epilepsy this parameter decresed by 10% in baseline probe.Conclusion. The obtained results demonstrate significant post-surgical improvement of autonomic nervous system homeostasis and restoration of cardiovascular functional reserves in patients with brain tumor associated with epilepsy compared to those with no epileptic seizures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document