scholarly journals Molecular Phylogenetics of Hepatitis D Virus in New Zealand and the Implications for Pacific Island Countries

Intervirology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Kathy Jackson ◽  
Margaret Littlejohn ◽  
Ed Gane ◽  
Stephen Locarnini
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Virus Surface ◽  
Genotype 5 ◽  
Maori Health

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is considered a satellite virus that requires hepatitis B virus surface antigen for infectivity. HDV is endemic in some Pacific Island (PI) countries, including Kiribati and Nauru, with a unique genotype 1, “Pacific clade.” The aims of this study were to determine the HDV genotypes in New Zealand and investigate the link of strains to other PI countries and the rest of the world through phylogenetics. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses were performed on 16 HDV-positive serum samples from 14 individuals collected between 2009 and 2014 at Auckland Hospital. Thirteen of 14 strains were confirmed as genotype 1 and 1 was genotype 5. Eleven of the 13 genotype 1 strains clustered with the Pacific clade. These were isolated from subjects born in Samoa, Kiribati, Tuvalu, and Niue. Another genotype 1 strain isolated from a Maori health-care worker clustered most closely with a European strain. There was an African genotype 1 and genotype 5 from African-born subjects with HIV coinfection. This study supports the probable transmission of HDV Pacific clade around the PI from Micronesia to Polynesia. The data also confirm the need to screen hepatitis B surface antigen-positive individuals for HDV.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Levels and Sequences of Natural Hepatitis B Virus Variants Influence the Assembly and Secretion of Hepatitis D Virus

2007 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 2250-2264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsuan Hui Shih ◽  
King-Song Jeng ◽  
Wan-Jr Syu ◽  
Yi-Hsiang Huang ◽  
Chien-Wei Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Hepatitis D Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Expression Plasmids

ABSTRACT Various domains of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) are essential for the assembly and secretion of hepatitis D virus (HDV). This study investigated the influences of the levels and sequences of HBsAg of naturally occurring HBV variants on the assembly and secretion of HDV. Six hepatitis B virus (HBV)-producing plasmids (three genotype B and three genotype C) and six HBsAg expression plasmids that expressed various HBsAg levels were constructed from the sera of HDV-infected patients. These plasmids were cotransfected with six expression plasmids of HDV of genotype 1, 2, or 4 into the Huh-7 hepatoma cell line. Serum HBsAg and HBV DNA levels were correlated with HDV RNA levels and outcomes of chronic hepatitis D (CHD) patients. The secretion of genotype 1, 2, or 4 HDV generally correlated with HBsAg levels but not with HBV genotypes or HBV DNA levels. Swapping and residue mutagenesis experiments of HBsAg-coding sequences revealed that the residue Pro-62 in the cytosolic domain-I affects the assembly and secretion of genotype 2 and 4 HDV and not those of genotype 1. The pre-S2 N-terminal deletion HBV mutant adversely affects secretion of the three HDV genotypes. In patients, serum HDV RNA levels correlated with HBsAg levels but not with HBV DNA levels. Viremia of HDV or HBV correlated with poor outcomes. In conclusion, the assembly and secretion of HDV were influenced by the amounts and sequences of HBsAg. For an effective treatment of CHD, reduction of HBsAg production in addition to the suppression of HBV and HDV replication might be crucial.

Placebo-controlled trial of vaccination with hepatitis B virus surface antigen in hepatitis B virus transgenic mice

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Fazle Akbar ◽  
Kazunori Kajino ◽  
Kenji Tanimoto ◽  
Kiyotaka Kurose ◽  
Toshikazu Masumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Virus Surface ◽  
Virus Surface Antigen ◽  
B Virus
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