scholarly journals Rapid Progressive Glioblastoma despite Radiation in a Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 424-429
Author(s):  
Eric T. Wong ◽  
Justin Moore ◽  
Lauren Hertan ◽  
Erik J. Uhlmann
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ◽  
Elderly Woman ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Immune Surveillance ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Nonfluent Aphasia ◽  
Primary Glioblastoma ◽  
Radiotherapy Alone

The rapidity of glioblastoma progression can be exacerbated by impaired systemic immune surveillance. We describe an elderly woman with advanced 5q– myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) associated with trilineage dysfunction in hematopoiesis. She also developed multiple solid tumor malignancies including ER/PR-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer, probable lung cancer without histologic confirmation, and primary glioblastoma with a high proliferation index of 80%. Because of low platelet counts of 20,000–30,000/µL that required periodic transfusion and a reduced white cell count of 600–900/µL, she was deemed unsafe to take concomitant daily temozolomide during radiation and her glioblastoma was treated with a shortened course of radiotherapy alone. Her baseline absolute neutrophil count was 110–390/µL, and CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte counts were 235/µL and 113/µL, respectively. During the last week of radiation, the patient developed a nonfluent aphasia, increased fatigue, and aspiration pneumonia. A gadolinium-enhanced head MRI, obtained 2 days after completion of radiation and 39 days after biopsy, demonstrated near tripling of the size of the left frontal tumor with a significant amount of adjacent cerebral edema. This case raises the possibility that advanced MDS is a negative immunomodulatory condition that can accelerate glioblastoma progression.

Perbandingan CART dan Random Forest untuk Deteksi Kanker berbasis Klasifikasi Data Microarray

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-812
Author(s):  
Riska Chairunisa ◽  
Adiwijaya ◽  
Widi Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Classification Method ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Prostate Tumors ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Colon Tumors

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world with a mortality rate of 57,3% in 2018 in Asia. Therefore, early diagnosis is needed to avoid an increase in mortality caused by cancer. As machine learning develops, cancer gene data can be processed using microarrays for early detection of cancer outbreaks. But the problem that microarray has is the number of attributes that are so numerous that it is necessary to do dimensional reduction. To overcome these problems, this study used dimensions reduction Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) with Classification and Regression Tree (CART) and Random Forest (RF) as classification method. The purpose of using these two classification methods is to find out which classification method produces the best performance when combined with the DWT dimension reduction. This research use five microarray data, namely Colon Tumors, Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer, Prostate Tumors and Ovarian Cancer from Kent-Ridge Biomedical Dataset. The best accuracy obtained in this study for breast cancer data were 76,92% with CART-DWT, Colon Tumors 90,1% with RF-DWT, lung cancer 100% with RF-DWT, prostate tumors 95,49% with RF-DWT, and ovarian cancer 100% with RF-DWT. From these results it can be concluded that RF-DWT is better than CART-DWT.  

THE PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B REACTIVATION (HBV) IN CANCER PATIENTS TREATING WITH CHEMOTHERAPY

2016 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Phuong Phung ◽  
Thi Thuy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hbv Reactivation ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Hepatitis B Reactivation ◽  
Cancer Breast

ackground and Objectives: Nowadays, the incidence of cancer is constantly increasing in the world as well as in Vietnam. The treatment of cancer is based on multimodality principle. Among those principal modalities, chemotherapy is widely used for different purposes such as neoadjuvant, andjuvant and palliation. However, chemotherapy can induce activation of latent infections, including hepatitis B. Vietnam is in the endemic region of hepatitis B so the reactivation of hepatitis B on cancer patients with chemotherapy has emerged a concerned problem. However, few interests were gained on this problem in the aspect of clinical setting or researching. Aims: to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B reactivation (HBV) in cancer patients treating with chemotherapy and to detect some risks factors of this situation. Subjects and methods: descriptive prospective. The study included 33 cancer patients with inactive HBV infection who are treating with chemotherapy. We define HBV reactivation by ALT > 3 ULN and HBV DNA copies > 10 positive control limit. Results: We found 6 patients with reactivated HBV, accounting for 18.18 %. Among reactivated HBV patients, age less than 60 accounts 83,33%. Rate of reactivated HBV in males was 25,00% while this rate in females was 14,28%. Rate of reactivated HBV in lymphoma, lung cancer and breast cancer was 33,33%, 25% và 22,22% respectively. Clinial manifestation of reactivated HBV includes jaundice (33,33%), fulminant hepatic failure (6%) and death (5%). The reactivated rate was higher in patients got high dose of corticoid (28,57%) vs low dose (15,38%). This rate was 29,41% in patients treated with anthracyclines which was higher than in group without anthracyclines. The reactivated rate of HBV was dramatically higher in patients treated with rituximab (75%). Conclusion: the reactivation of hepatitis B on cancer patients with chemotherapy is common. We found 6 patients with reactivated HBV of 33 subjects of the study which accounts 18.18 %. We recognized that reactivated HBV rate was higher subgroups of age < 60 years old, males, patients with lymphoma, lung cancer, breast cancer. Reactivated HBV may be more prevalent in patients with high-dose corticotherapy, anthracyclines and Rituximab. Key words: HBV reactivation, chemotherapy, cancer, hepatitis B

Strategic Aspects of NPY-Based Monoclonal Antibodies for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1097-1102
Author(s):  
Drashti Desai ◽  
Pravin Shende
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Active Immunotherapy ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Protein Fusion ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Cost Efficient

: Immunotherapy emerges as a treatment strategy for breast cancer marker, diagnosis and treatment. In this review, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)-based passive and peptide vaccines as active immunotherapy approaches like activation of B-cells and T-cells are studied. Passive immunotherapy is mAbs-based therapy effective against tumor cells, which acts by targeting HER2, IGF 1R, VEGF, BCSC and immune checkpoints. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and GPCR are the areas of interest to target BC metastases for on-targeting therapeutic action. Neuropeptide S (NPS) or NPS receptor 1, acts as a biomarker for Neuroendocrine tumors (NET), mostly characterized by synaptophysin and chromogranin-A expression or Ki-67 proliferation index. The protein fusion technologies arise as a promising avenue in plant expression systems for increased recombinant Ab accumulation and cost-efficient purification. Recently, mAbs-based immunotherapy effectiveness is appreciated as a novel therapeutic combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy to reduce the side effects and improve therapeutic responsiveness. Synthetic drug resistance will be overcome by mAbs-based therapy through several clinical trials and detection methods need to be optimized for accuracy and precision. Pharmacokinetic attributes need to be accessed for preferred receptor-agonist activity without ligand accumulation.

Coumarin Hybrids: Promising Scaffolds in the Treatment of Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 1443-1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Bhatia ◽  
Ravindra K. Rawal
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Toxicity Profile ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Hybrid Molecules ◽  
Cause Of Deaths ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Diverse Mode

: Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer in women, and the second main cause of deaths in women, after lung cancer. There is continuous advancement in the development of therapeutic agents against breast cancer in recent years and it is still in progress. Development of hybrid molecules by combining different pharmacophores to obtain significant biological activity is an excellent approach. Coupling of coumarin scaffold with other distinct motifs has led to the design of newer compounds against breast cancer. These distinct pharmacophores possess a diverse mode of action as well as selectivity. It has been reported in the literature that coumarin hybrids possess significant potency against breast cancer by binding to various biological targets which are associated with breast cancer. Due to low toxicity profile on various organ systems, coumarin hybrids have nowadays attracted the keen attention of researchers to explore their therapeutic ability against breast cancer. Reported coumarin hybrids include coupling with isoxazole, thiazole, monastrol, chalcone, triazole, sulphonamide, triphenylethylene, benzimidazole, pyran, imidazole, stilbene, oestrogen, phenylsulphonylfuroxan, etc. In the present review, a description of various coumarin hybrid molecules has been presented along with their structural-activity relationships.

Cancer as a Scottish Problem

1968 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 338-348
Author(s):  
A. J. Haddow
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Cancer Of The Lung

Cancer, responsible for about 1 death in 5 in Scotland, cost over £1 per head of population in 1965 and led to bed occupation of almost 2,000 bed years. Time lag (symptoms-doctor-hospital-treatment) is usuallv small. Age distribution is as in other European countries. Excluding accidents, cancer is the second most important cause of death in children. In relation to other countries Scotland's position is very poor and the lung cancer mortality in both sexes is the highest known. Lung cancer is the most important in males, breast cancer in females. Alimentary cancers come second in both sexes. In this century alimentary cancers increased till the thirties or forties and then declined. Cancers of pancreas, cervix uteri, ovary, prostate, kidney and bladder, together with leukaemia, have all increased. Cancer of the lung has increased elevenfold in women and fiftyfold in men. It now accounts for 9 to 12 per cent of all male deaths in cities and large towns

Antiestrogen use in breast cancer patients reduces the risk of subsequent lung cancer: A population-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Chao Chu ◽  
Chia-Jung Hsieh ◽  
Tso-Fu Wang ◽  
Mun-Kun Hong ◽  
Tang-Yuan Chu
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Population Based Study
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document