scholarly journals Ethical Aspects of Human Embryo Collections: A Historically Grounded Approach to the Blechschmidt Collection at the University of Göttingen

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Michael Markert
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Specimen Collection ◽  
Human Specimen ◽  
History Of ◽  
University Of Göttingen ◽  
The University ◽  
Human Embryology ◽  
Body Donation

Human body donation and tissue collections are nowadays grounded on a legal framework centered around the concept of informed consent in most countries. Comparable regulations did not exist prior to the second half of the 20th century, when several of the most important collections of human embryos were established. As a particularly prominent example, the Human Embryology Collection (“Blechschmidt Collection”) at the Center of Anatomy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany, is described here with regard to how to approach a human specimen collection from the perspective of both collection ethics and the history of science. The methods and concepts used as well as the outcome in terms of historical and ethical knowledge will be discussed as a model for future projects of similar scope at other collection sites. It it also shown that general ethical recommendations published by museum and collection experts are of value only if they are related to profound knowledge about the history of the particular collection in focus.

Leiomyoma of the Male Urethra

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L. Mira ◽  
Guang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Urethral Stricture ◽  
English Language ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Male Urethra ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Epithelioid Leiomyoma

Abstract We describe the case of a 48-year-old quadriplegic black man with history of C4-C5 cervical spine and cord injury secondary to a fall, who presented to the University of Cincinnati Medical Center Urology Service with obstructive symptoms at urination. A bulbous urethral stricture was diagnosed and subsequently resected with primary urethral reanastomosis. On pathologic examination, the surgical specimen contained an epithelioid leiomyoma at the site of the urethral stricture. Although leiomyomas of the female urethra are relatively common, we identified only 2 previously reported cases of leiomyomas of the male urethra in the English-language medical literature. To the best of our knowledge, we describe the third case of leiomyoma of the male urethra, the first of the epithelioid type.

scholarly journals Ontology of designing of a contemporary field-specific university museum

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-338
Author(s):  
N.V. Bogdanova ◽  
◽  
N.M. Borgest ◽  
S.A. Vlasov ◽  
D.S Glibotsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Research University ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Ontological Approach ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

The work is devoted to the development of the concept of a contemporary field-specific museum on the example of the Museum of Aviation and Cosmonautics of Samara University. The rapid development of the Kuibyshev Aviation Insti-tute, and later the Samara National Research University named after academician S.P.Korolev identified the need to improve not only the expositions of the museum, but also to propose a new concept of the museum, to greatly expand its role and significance in external relations, in education and in scientific activity. The design of the museum concept was based on the ontological approach. The analysis of the legal framework of museum activities in the Russian Federa-tion is carried out, the views of philosophers and historians on the concept of the museum are presented, the practice of designing modern museums, and the features of specialized, and in particular, university museums are considered. The authors propose to include a virtual tour of the locations that previously independently existed at the university, and are used in the educational process. These are: a training aerodrome where the samples of aviation equipment are presented; Europe's largest Center for the History of Aircraft Engines, aircraft class and equipment class; Museum of the history of KuAI-SSAU. On the one hand, it is important to maintain continuity in the museum's expositions, and on the other hand, it is significant to offer innovative solutions that will be in demand by a potential consumer and the target audi-ence. It is proposed to focus on the museum of the future, on the widespread use of information technologies, the presentation of new and future projects, on the expansion of the volume of thematic material through QR codes, which allow visitors to supplement audio and video materials. Equipping the museum with bilingual audio guides and basic inscriptions is an indisputable requirement for a modern museum. Cool and original lighting, moving models and exhib-its, flying drones and flies, the use of virtual and augmented reality technologies, as well as a relaxation zone in the form of an aircraft cabin will make it possible to achieve the desired impression among visitors about the university of the future.

scholarly journals Prenatal growth of the human spinal cord

1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Max Mayo Miller
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Human Spinal Cord ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Prenatal Growth ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The University ◽  
Human Embryology

Text is the complete Introduction section of this thesis: In human embryology the changes in form and the histological differentiation in the cellular elements of the spinal cord have been studied very carefully. But as yet little has been done on the absolute and relative prenatal growth of the cords a whole and of its various regions and parts. To throw light upon this matter the present study was undertaken. Measurements were made of the spinal cords of human embryos which show the absolute and relative growth of the spinal cord as a whole and of its various parts. The data here presented include: First, the absolute and relative growth of the spinal cord in its entirety; second, the absolute and relative amounts and the rate of growth of the different regions of the cord; and third, the absolute and relative amounts and the rate of growth of the gray matter, the white matter and the ependyma with the canal. This investigation was carried on in the Anatomical Laboratory of the University of Missouri, under the direction of Prof. C. M. Jackson, to whom I am also indebted for the use of his collection of human embryos.

scholarly journals From San Francisco to Tōhoku – 111 yr of continuous earthquake recording in Göttingen

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
H. Steffen ◽  
W. Brunk ◽  
M. Leven ◽  
U. Wedeken
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
The Public ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
History Of ◽  
University Of Göttingen ◽  
The University ◽  
Observational Record ◽  
Almost Continuous

Abstract. In 1902, the so-called Erdbebenhaus (earthquake house) was built in the garden of the Institute of Geophysics of the University of Göttingen to host and protect the very sensitive and fragile seismographs designed by Emil Wiechert. These instruments were the standard at their time, and they are still in operation today, documenting 111 yr of almost continuous seismological observations. Since 2005, the observatory is owned by the Wiechert'sche Erdbebenwarte Göttingen e.V. (Wiechert's earthquake observatory in Göttingen, registered society). This society aims at extending the observational record and protecting the observatory as a cultural heritage. In this paper we review the history of the observatory in the last 111 yr. Special attention is given to the developments in the last decade, when the observatory and further historic buildings and instruments changed ownership. Due to the efforts by the society, the observatory is still running now and open to the public. In addition, it is a part of the German Regional Seismic Network and, thus, observations can be used for scientific investigations.

Laryngeal Acinic Cell Carcinoma Following Thyroid Irradiation

1981 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Reibel ◽  
W. Copley McLean ◽  
Robert W. Cantrell
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Acinic Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Prior History ◽  
University Of Virginia ◽  
Acinic Cell ◽  
Thyroid Adenomas ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University

Only three examples of acinic cell carcinoma of the larynx or trachea are found in the recent literature. A case of acinic cell carcinoma of the subglottic larynx and trachea was diagnosed and treated at the University of Virginia Medical Center. To our knowledge this is the first such case with a prior history of radiation to the neck. The patient is a 56-year-old woman who was irradiated for hyperthyroidism 46 years ago. When seen she also had parathyroid hyperplasia and multiple thyroid adenomas, conditions that frequently follow irradiation of the thyroid in children. These findings in this case support the concept that radiation may be responsible for inducing this tumor, which otherwise rarely occurs in this location. The use of electron microscopy was extremely useful in the diagnosis of this tumor. She was treated with total laryngectomy and right neck dissection and is now free of disease one year after surgery.

The history of neurosurgery at the University of Nebraska Medical Center

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Erin J. Torell ◽  
Tyler S. Pistone ◽  
Andrew P. Gard
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Resident Training ◽  
Nebraska Medical ◽  
Harvey Cushing ◽  
Lecture Series ◽  
History Of Neurosurgery ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

The Department of Neurosurgery at the University of Nebraska Medical Center has grown considerably from one neurosurgeon in 1923 into a first-class department with diverse subspecialty care and innovative faculty. Founding neurosurgeon Dr. J. Jay Keegan, a student of Harvey Cushing, instituted a legacy of clinical and research excellence that he passed on to his successors. The department created a lecture series to honor Keegan’s pioneering techniques and impact in the field, featuring prominent neurosurgeons from across the country. Keegan’s successors, such as Dr. Lyal Leibrock, grew the department through a unique partnership with private practice. The current faculty has continued the tradition of exceptional resident training and innovative patient care.

scholarly journals History in the Service of Politics: A Reassessment of G. G. Gervinus

1971 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
The West ◽  
German Empire ◽  
East And West Germany ◽  
History Of ◽  
Democratic Revolution ◽  
University Of Göttingen ◽  
The University

The year 1971 marks the centenary of the death of Georg Gottfried Gervinus. This fact might seem to warrant attention only of antiquarians, since Gervinus appears in most textbooks (if at all) as a professor dismissed from the University of Göttingen for protesting the revocation of the Hanoverian constitution in 1837. But two facts about his reputation inspire greater attention. First, Gervinus was buried with unseemly haste by a host of unflattering necrologists, from Ranke on down, in the very year of the founding of the German Empire. Second, he has again achieved some attention recently as one of the few German democrats among the nineteenth-century professorate, thanks to publications in both East and West Germany. As an opponent of the “reactionary class compromise which underlay the unification of the Reich from above,” he has become an object of veneration in East Germany. In the west, the publication of his Introduction to the History of the Nineteenth Century and the subsequent Treason Trial against Gervinus has focused attention on the fate of those who sanctioned democratic revolution in the reactionary 1850's.3 In both cases, in obscurity and tendentious revival, Gervinus has been blamed or praised more for what he stood for than for what he was.

scholarly journals Identification of Risk Factors for Delirium, Cognitive Decline, And Dementia After Cardiac Surgery (FINDERI - Find Delirium Risk Factors): A Study Protocol of A Prospective Monocentric Observational Pilot Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Sadlonova ◽  
Jonathan Vogelgsang ◽  
Claudia Lange ◽  
Irina Günther ◽  
Adriana Wiesent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Postoperative Delirium ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Screening Questionnaire ◽  
Standard Assessment ◽  
University Of Göttingen ◽  
The University

Abstract BACKGROUND: Postoperative delirium is a common complication of cardiac surgery associated with higher morbidity, longer hospital stay, risk of cognitive decline, dementia, and mortality. Geriatric patients, patients undergoing cardiac surgery, and intensive care patients are at a high risk of developing a postoperative delirium. A gold standard assessment or biomarkers to predict risk factors for delirium, cognitive decline, and dementia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery are not yet available. METHODS: The FINDERI trial (FINd DElirium RIsk factors) is a prospective, single-center, observational pilot study. In total, 500 patients aged ≥ 50 years undergoing cardiac surgery at the Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery of the University of Göttingen Medical Center will be recruited. Our primary aims are to validate a delirium screening questionnaire and to identify specific preoperative risk factors and perioperative exposition factors for postoperative delirium, cognitive decline, and accelerated dementia after cardiac surgery. Our secondary aim is to identify blood-based biomarkers that predict the incidence of postoperative delirium, cognitive decline, or dementia in the context of cardiac surgery. CONCLUSION: This prospective, observational pilot trial might help to identify pre- and perioperative risk factors and biomarkers for postoperative delirium, cognitive decline, and dementia. The predictive value of a delirium screening questionnaire in cardiac surgery might also be revealed.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Ethics approval for this study was obtained from the IRB of the University of Göttingen Medical Center. The investigators registered this study in German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) (DRKS00025095) on April, 19th 2021 https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00025095.

Investigation of transfer results of human embryos that were vitrified and thawed at the cleavage, morula and blastocyst stages

Zygote ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Korkmaz ◽  
Ümmü Gül Yıldız ◽  
Ulaş Fidan ◽  
Barış Baykal ◽  
Seyit Temel Ceyhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Ongoing Pregnancy ◽  
Hospital Department ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy Rates ◽  
The University

SummaryThe objective of this study was to compare the rates of clinical pregnancy after the transfer of vitrified and thawed human embryos on days 3, 4 and 5 of embryonic development. In this retrospective study, the results of 148 embryo transfer cycles, using embryos frozen and thawed over the 3-year period between January 2016 and December 2018 at the Gülhane Training and Research Hospital Department of Gynecology and Obsterics Reproductive Medical Center of the University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey were examined. Following embryo transfer – including 29 dissolved embryos frozen on day 3, 80 frozen on day 4, and 39 frozen on day 5 – results were examined in terms of clinical pregnancy rates. In this study, across all three groups, no significant differences were observed in terms of patient age, the number of oocytes collected, infertility reasons, the number of embryos dissolved, transfer day, or the number of embryos transferred. According to the transfer day, the rates of clinical pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy were significantly higher for embryos frozen on day 4 and transferred on day 5. Significantly higher rates of pregnancy and live birth were determined during in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment with the freezing of human embryos on day 4 and the transfer of those embryos on day 5.

One Thousand Endoscopic Skull Base Surgical Procedures Demystifying the Infection Potential: Incidence and Description of Postoperative Meningitis and Brain Abscesses

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriko Kono ◽  
Daniel M. Prevedello ◽  
Carl H. Snyderman ◽  
Paul A. Gardner ◽  
Amin B. Kassam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
External Ventricular Drain ◽  
Csf Leak ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
History Of ◽  
Brain Abscesses ◽  
Postoperative Meningitis ◽  
The University

Background.Endonasal endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) is perceived as having a high risk of infection because it is performed through the sinuses, which are not sterile.Objective.To identify the bacteriological characteristics, incidence, mortality, and risk factors for intracranial infection after ESBS.Methods.A retrospective analysis of the first 1,000 ESBS procedures performed at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center from 1998 to 2008.Results.In 18 cases (1.8%), the patient developed meningitis. In 2 cases, the patient died within 2 months after surgery, of noninfectious causes. In 11 cases, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures had positive results. There were no predominant pathogens. Male sex (odds ratio [OR], 3.97 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.21-13.03]; P = .02), history of a craniotomy or endonasal surgery (OR, 4.77 [95% CI, 1.68-13.56];P = .003), surgerywith higher levels of complexity (OR, 6.60 [95% CI, 1.77-24.70];P = .005), the presence of an external ventricular drain or ventriculoperitoneal shunt at the time of surgery (OR, 6.38 [95% CI, 1.07-38.09]; P = .04), and postoperative CSF leak (OR, 12.99 [95% CI, 4.24-39.82]; P<.001) were risk factors for infection.Conclusion.The incidence of infection of 1.8% in ESBS is comparable to that in open craniotomy. The most important risk factor was a postoperative CSF leak. All patients recovered from their infection.

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