scholarly journals Individual Physical Activity Behaviour and Group Composition as Determinants of the Effectiveness of a Childhood Obesity Intervention Program

Obesity Facts ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Liesa Marie Lier ◽  
Christoph Breuer ◽  
Nina Ferrari ◽  
David Friesen ◽  
Fernanda Maisonave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Physical Activity Behaviour ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Age Range

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Up to now, there is limited clarity on factors that determine the effectiveness of childhood obesity interventions. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study intends to uncover individual- and program-level predictors of BMI-SDS and fitness to achieve significant, sustainable health improvements. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Data of 249 children with obesity or overweight who participated in an outpatient multidisciplinary program were analysed and compared to 54 waitlist controls. Linear regression models were used to examine associations between individual- and group-level variables and BMI-SDS and fitness. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among intervention children, BMI-SDS decreased by 0.19 units and physical fitness increased by 11.5%, versus a BMI-SDS decrease of 0.07 and a 1.8% decrease in fitness in the control group. Participants who reported being physically active before the program start achieved greater improvements in BMI-SDS (β = –0.177, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05) and physical fitness (β = 0.174, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05) than inactive peers. BMI-SDS decreased significantly more for members of gender-heterogeneous groups (β = 0.194, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05) with a narrow age range (β = 0.152, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The program under review is effective in counteracting juvenile obesity. The results give reason to believe that forming mixed-gender groups with a small age range and providing increased support for reportedly inactive children may improve program effectiveness.

ASSESSMENT OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN ELDERLY WOMEN PERFORMING NORDIC WALKING EXERCISE

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (80) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Zofia Ignasiak ◽  
Alicja Nowak ◽  
Dorota Cichoń ◽  
Anna Sebastjan ◽  
Tomasz Ignasiak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Nordic Walking ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Health Training ◽  
And Control

Aim: the purpose of the research was an assessment of increased physical activity influence on selected elements of elderly women biological condition. Basic procedures: the research material consisted of measurement data of 80 elderly women that were divided into two grups: active (n=31) which participated in a health training, and control (n=49). We measured: basic somaic features, BMI, WHR, BMD and functional physical fitness. Results: analysed parameters of bone mineral density were slightly better of the physically active women in comparison to the unactive women. During analysis of physical fitness tests, active achieved decidedly higher results, which indicates positive influence of the nordic walking health training on functional physical fitness of elderly women. Conclusions: Utilised health training was an optimal stimulus for the examined women – their functional physical fitness and BMD improved considerably. No similar changes were noted in the control group

scholarly journals Diseño y evaluación de un programa para la mejora de la condición física en Educación Primaria: efecto sobre la autoestima y la intención de ser activo

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
D. Zamorano García ◽  
JG. Fernández Bustos ◽  
JP. Vállez Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Educación Primaria ◽  
Experimental Group

El objetivo fue diseñar un programa para mejorar la condición física y evaluar su efecto sobre la intencionalidad de seguir siendo activo y autoestima general. Se diseñó un programa de 8 semanas de actividades para mejorar la condición física en Educación Física, además de actividad física deportiva en los recreos. El diseño cuasiexperimental incluyó 70 escolares (39 grupo experimental; 31 grupo control) de 6º de Educación Primaria. Como instrumentos de medida se utilizaron la batería ALPHA-Fitness de alta prioridad, la Escala de intencionalidad de ser físicamente activo en Educación Primaria, y el Cuestionario Multimedia y Multilingüe de Evaluación de la Autoestima. Se encontró efectividad del programa en todas las variables estudiadas, en especial en la mejora de la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, la capacidad de salto y la dimensión socioafectiva de la autoestima. Se destaca la importancia de estos programas en la mejora de la salud física, psicológica y social del alumnado. The objective was to design a program to improve physical fitness and evaluate its effect on the intent to remain active and general self-esteem. An 8-week program of activities was designed to improve physical fitness in Physical Education, in addition to sports physical activity at recess. The quasi-experimental design included 70 schoolchildren (39 experimental group; 31 control group) from 6th grade of Primary Education. The high priority ALPHA-Fitness battery, the intentionality scale of being physically active in Primary Education, and the Multimedia and Multilingual Self-esteem Evaluation Questionnaire were used as measuring instruments. The effectiveness of the program was found in all the variables studied, especially in the improvement of cardiorespiratory capacity, jumping capacity and the socio-affective dimension of self-esteem. The importance of these programs in the improvement of the physical, psychological and social health of the students is highlighted.

scholarly journals Effects of Training with an Agility Ladder on Sprint, Agility, and Dribbling Performance in Youth Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-228
Author(s):  
Alexis Padrón-Cabo ◽  
Ezequiel Rey ◽  
Anton Kalén ◽  
Pablo B. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Coordination Training

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of coordination training using an agility ladder compared with a control group on physical fitness and technical performance in youth soccer players. Eighteen male youth soccer players (age: 12.2 ± 0.4 years; body height: 158.3 ± 10.8 cm; body mass: 45.0 ± 8.0 kg) were randomly assigned to an agility ladder group (n = 10) or a control group (n = 8). The intervention program was carried out three times a week over six weeks. Before and after the training period, the 10 m sprint, 20 m sprint, dribbling speed test, agility test, and slalom dribbling test performances were assessed. Within-group analysis showed significant improvements (p < 0.005) in 10 m and 20 m sprint performance from the pre- to the post-test for the agility ladder group (-2.39% and -2.10%) and the control group (-2.54% and -1.44%). No significant differences (p > 0.005) were found from the pre- to the post-test in the dribbling speed test, agility test, slalom dribbling test, and skill index. In the between-group analysis, there were no differences between the agility ladder group and the control group in any variable. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest coordination training with an agility ladder does not seem to be effective to improve physical fitness and dribbling. Therefore, this information could be beneficial to players and coaches for programming tasks during soccer training sessions.

Comparative assessment of the level of physical activity and physical fitness IIn patients treated for sciatica versus healthy individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Grzegorz MAŃKO ◽  
Anna STROKOWSKA ◽  
Magda PIENIĄŻEK ◽  
Marcin ZIELIŃSKI ◽  
Robert DZIURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Degree Of Disability ◽  
Disability Questionnaire ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Risk Factors ◽  
Age Range

Introduction: Sciatica (Ischias) is a set of symptoms associated with the compression of L4, L5 and S1 spinal nerves, forming the sciatic nerve, the largest peripheral human nerve. Pain can radiate to the buttock, lateral surface of the hip, calf and foot. The individual risk factors for sciatica include height, body mass, muscle strength, and physical condition. I n d i v i d u a l f a c t o r s a l s o i n c l u d e pregnancies and births. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the level of physical activity and physical fitness of people treated for sciatica and compare the results with the results of tests carried out among healthy people, not treated for sciatica or other diseases of the lower spine. Material and methods: The study was conducted among 60 people, both sexes, aged 50-69. The I n t e r n a t i o n a l P h y s i c a l A c t i v i t y Questionnaire IPAQ and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire were used for the assessment. In the research group there were 30 people diagnosed with sciatica, treated for this disease or other diseases of the lumbar spine. The control group consisted of 30 healthy people in the same age range. Results and conclusion: On the basis of the conducted research, there were significant differences between the degree of disability of healthy people and patients, which confirmed that sciatica is a disease significantly affecting physical fitness during everyday activities.

scholarly journals Effect of a Service-Learning Program on the Active Lifestyle of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4354
Author(s):  
Teresa Valverde-Esteve ◽  
Oscar Chiva-Bartoll ◽  
Celina Salvador-García ◽  
María Maravé-Vivas
Keyword(s):  
Service Learning ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Active Lifestyles ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: active lifestyles and Physical Activity (PA) are closely related to health. Healthy habits such as being physically active should be consolidated during childhood. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) present fewer opportunities to be involved in PA. For this reason, we conducted a Service-Learning (SL) program to enhance the possibility of participating ASD children enjoying PA sessions. The aim of this study was to analyze and describe the evolution in terms of the frequency and intensity of PA performed by ASD children who participated in the SL program. Methods: we used a quasi-experimental design. The sample was formed by 26 children with ASD (Experimental group: n = 16; 4 girls, 12 boys) (Control group: n = 10; 1 girl, 9 boys) with ASD level 1. Results: after the intervention program, moderate PA during the week increased significantly (Pre-Median: 92.04, Range: 35.71–126.47 min; Post-Median: 212.67, Range: 99.75, 271.04 min) (p ≤ 0.001). When comparing both groups, the tendency to do PA in the Experimental group remained more stable. Also, the improvements in moderate intensities were higher in the Experimental group after the intervention. Conclusion: a six-month SL program improved the moderate PA routines of ASD children. However, longer programs and longitudinal studies are required.

scholarly journals Influence of skeletal maturation on physical fitness of young people with Down syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-383
Author(s):  
Everaldo Lambert Modesto ◽  
Leonardo dos Santos Oliveira ◽  
Bruna Barboza Seron ◽  
Eloise Werle de Almeida ◽  
Márcia Greguol
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Young People ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Control Group

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) tend to prematurely reach the skeletal maturation period. In addition, young people with this condition have poor physical fitness and few opportunities to practice physical activity when compared to those without disabilities. The aim of this study was to investigate the skeletal maturation of young people with Down syndrome and its influence on the behavior of physical fitness related to health, after aerobic and resistance training programs. Forty people with DS, with an average age of 15.4 (± 2.6) years, were divided into three groups for a 12 weeks intervention program, AT - aerobic training group (3 times/week; 50 minutes/session), RT - resistance training group (twice/week ; 50 minutes/session) and CG - control group, 9 participants. Determination of skeletal age (EA) was performed using the Greulich-Pyle method. Anthropometric variables, muscle strength and peak VO2 were measured pre and post intervention. It was found that skeletal maturation influenced the effects of training, only being significant for body weight and strength in the upright row variables. In addition, the muscle strength of upper and lower limbs increased significantly after 12 weeks of aerobic or resistance training. Then, we can conclude that the effects of physical training on physical fitness of young people with Down syndrome appear to improve as the bone age increases.

scholarly journals Effects of Intervention “Hopsport Brain Breaks” Program on Physical Fitness and Sedentary Behaviour in Primary School

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (94) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Tumynaitė ◽  
Brigita Miežienė ◽  
Magdalena Mo Ching Mok ◽  
Ming-kai Chin ◽  
Vitalija Putriūtė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
School Day ◽  
Brain Breaks ◽  
Experimental Group

Background. Sedentary behaviour in children raise concern as the majority of children do not meet the health-related level of physical activity (PA) which is closely related with their physical fitness (PF). Digital facilities may help to solve the problem. Hypothesis. After the intervention “HOPSport Brain Breaks” physical fitness improves and sedentary behaviour decreases. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of “HOPSport Brain Breaks” video exercise intervention program on physical fitness and sedentary behaviour in a primary school.Methods. The study included 113 primary schoolchildren from grades 1–4, among them there were 62 children in the experimental group and 51 in the control group (Mean age = 8.24, SD = 1.10). PF was assessed using the test battery (Fjortoft, Pedersen, Sigmundsson, & Vereijken, 2011) pre- and post-intervention. Also passivity was measured twice using four questions from “Health Behaviour of School Children” questionnaire. The experimental group received Brain Breaks intervention every school day for three months in 5–9 min sessions during the breaks.  Results. After  three  months  physical  fitness  (PF)  did  not  improve,  but  sedentary  behaviour  reduced  in  the experimental group compared to the controls (p < .05).Conclusions.  The  results  have  shown  that  fun  and  enjoyment,  which  are  the  background  of  Brain  Breaks intervention,  were  important  factors  in  reducing  sedentary  behaviour.  Studies  also  show  that  the  level  of  PA  is proportionally higher when children are given the opportunity to play active games and experience fun (Wickel et al., 2007). It may be concluded that Brain Breaks intervention program contributes to physical health of primary  schoolchildren.Keywords: primary schoolchildren, physical fitness, sedentary behaviour.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Obesity, Assessed as Adiposity, Is Reduced After 1 Year in Primary Schoolchildren by the POIBA Intervention

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carles Ariza ◽  
Francesca Sánchez-Martínez ◽  
Gemma Serral ◽  
Sara Valmayor ◽  
Olga Juárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACT Background Childhood obesity is becoming a serious problem, and prevention programs are needed. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate, after 1 y, the effectiveness of a multicomponent, school-based obesity intervention program. Methods This intervention, conducted in Barcelona, Spain, was a quasi-experimental obesity primary prevention intervention targeting schoolchildren aged 9–10 y. Participants were assigned to an intervention group (IG) (1464 students) or to a comparison group (CG) (1609 students). The intervention consisted of a 9-session classroom program, 6 weekly sessions of physical education and out-of-school physical activity, and a workshop for families. It lasted from October 2011 to May 2012. Data obtained at baseline (spring 2011) and follow-up (spring 2012) included information on nutrition and physical activity, through 2 self-reported questionnaires, and measurement of weight, height, triceps skinfold thickness, and waist circumference. The cumulative incidence rate (CIR) of obesity was calculated from triceps skinfold measures. A multilevel logistic regression model was fitted to determine the association between the intervention and the CIR of obesity. The effect size of the program was estimated with Cohen's criteria. Results The overall prevalence of obesity at baseline was 12.7%. At the 12-mo follow-up, the incidence of obesity was 7.8% in the IG compared with 11.4% in the CG (P < 0.005), representing 31% fewer new cases of obesity in the IG. The Cohen's d effect size of the program was 0.33. In the multilevel analysis, there was a protective effect of the intervention on the CIR of obesity at 12 mo (OR: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5, 0.9) (P = 0.009). Conclusions The first Prevención de la Obesidad Infantil en Barcelona (Childhood Obesity Prevention in Barcelona) (POIBA) intervention, targeting children aged 9–10 y, reduced the incidence of obesity as measured by adiposity. The intervention could prevent 1 in 3 new cases of childhood obesity in this age range.

scholarly journals Effects of training on postural control and agility when wearing socks of different compression levels

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Jaakkola ◽  
Vesa Linnamo ◽  
Mei Teng Woo ◽  
Keith Davids ◽  
Jarmo M. Piirainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Age Range

Summary Study aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of training while wearing socks differing in compression level (clinical, sub-clinical, regular) on performance of static and dynamic balancing and agility tasks in healthy, physically active people. We sought to understand whether socks with different compression properties supported postural regulation and agility task performance by enhancing somatosensory perception, unskewed by specific age range effects. Material and methods: Participants comprised 61 adults aged 18-75 years, divided into three groups (two experimental groups wearing clinical or sub-clinical level compression socks, and one control group wearing regular non-compression socks during training). An 8-week (2 × 1h per week) intervention programme was administered to train static and dynamic balance and postural control, leg strength and agility. Results: A mixed model ANOVA revealed no differences in static and dynamic balance and postural control and agility performance between clinical, sub-clinical, and control groups before and after training. All groups significantly improved their test performance, suggesting that training had some benefit on motor performance. Conclusions: These results raised interesting questions requiring further investigation to examine the effects of wearing socks (with and without different levels of compression) on motor behaviours in specific groups of elderly vs. young participants, in physically active vs. less physically active people, and in performance settings outside standardized laboratory tests to study applications in natural performance environments.

scholarly journals Effects of 6-weeks Bhastrika Pranayama Intervention on health-related components of physical fitness

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-238
Author(s):  
Baljinder S. Bal ◽  
Parmjit Kaur ◽  
Davinder Singh ◽  
Manoj Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breathing Exercise ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background and Study Aim. The present study investigated the effects of 6-weeks bhastrika pranayama intervention (BPI) program on health-related components of physical fitness. Material and Methods. We used a quasi-experimental design with fifty-two healthy girls (Mean ± SD; age, 23.6346±1.1551 yrs; body height, 158.0961±3.8616 cm; body weight, 55.6826±3.4002 kg) from Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India. The subjects were divided into two groups: Group-A: Bhastrika Pranayama Intervention (BPI); (n1=26) and Group-B: Control; (n2=26). The sample size (N=52) was calculated using the G*Power 3.1.9.7 software. A power of 0.80 (1-β err prob) and significance level (α) of 0.05. Subjects from both groups (pranayama and control) were assessed at baseline and right after 6-weeks. Group-A: (n1=26) subjected to BPI and Group-B: (n2=26) with no training. Results. As compared BPI with the control group, the BPI group had a positive effect on selected health-related components of physical fitness (maximal oxygen consumption - VO2 max 1.3%; flexibility 1.8%; muscle strength 0.2.%). The 6-weeks Bhastrika Pranayama intervention program had no effect on the BPI group with respect to the parameter muscular endurance. Conclusions. Daily practice of Bhastrika pranayama helps to keep lungs more efficient. Additional research is required to completely comprehend the consequences of this breathing exercise. Bhastrika pranayama is known for oxygen-based breathing exercise which helps to fill up the lungs with more oxygen. Bhastrika pranayama interventions with short as well as long duration in future research studies could be beneficial for healthy individuals with respect to health-related fitness components.

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