Can the Human Tail Cause Arteriovenous Hemangioma?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Pinar Aydin Ozturk ◽  
Seyhmus Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Vascular Lesion ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Lumbosacral Region ◽  
Fibrous Stroma ◽  
Human Tail ◽  
Vascular Structures

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> “Human tail” is a congenital, benign anomaly in which a protrusion in the lumbosacrococcygeal caudal region is covered with skin. Arteriovenous hemangioma is a benign vascular lesion that may be congenital or acquired. We present a case in which a human tail was present with pathological findings of arteriovenous hemangioma. <b><i>Case Report:</i></b> A 6-month-old girl was born with a curved tail-shaped protrusion along her waistline. The distal portion was purple and had a solid consistency; the proximal portion was of normal skin color and had a soft consistency. No other abnormality was observed in the spinal area. Microscopic examination revealed congested, proliferated vascular structures in the fibrous stroma distally located under the multilayered squamous epithelium. In the proximal area, mature lipomatous tissue was observed. The lesion was diagnosed as arteriovenous hemangioma. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our patient presented with the classic “human tail” appearance at an early age and in the lumbosacral region. Because of the pathological findings, surgery for the congenital anomaly had to be performed with extra caution.

Outcome of Closure of Wide Based Defects by Various Rotational Flaps

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2268-2269
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sohaib Anwer ◽  
Faisal Waheed ◽  
Atta Ur Rehman Khan ◽  
Sana Ullah ◽  
Naeem Ul Haq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perforator Flap ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Lumbosacral Region ◽  
Superior Gluteal Artery ◽  
Dural Sac ◽  
Superficial Wound ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Artery Perforator ◽  
Tissue Defects

Aim: To observe the outcome of closure of wide based defects by various rotational flaps for meningomyelocele defects. Study setting: Neurosurgery Department, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim yar khan Duration: From Oct 2018 to Oct 2020, Methodology: We included 15 patients with wide based myelomeningocele anomalies in the neurosurgery department, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim yar khan. Age ranged from four days to eight years. The flaw had a diameter of between 8x5cm and 12x8cm. Rotational flaps were used to restore soft tissue defects in all cases. Result: In this study, we did posterior intercostal artery perforator flap(superiorly based) in 40% patients, double rotation flap (yin yang) in 26.7% patients, superior gluteal artery perforator flap in 20 % patients and z plasty in 13.3 % patients. Regarding complications, 2 (13.3%) individuals had a superficial wound dehiscence. One individual (6.7%) developed necrosis of the distal portion of the flap, which was conventionally handled. Postoperatively, no neurosurgical problem occurred. After an average of 6 months, no patient experienced reappearance or dural sac herniation. Conclusion: Restoration of large meningomyelocele defects using local rotational flaps is a secure and reliable approach for abnormalities in the lumbosacral region. Keywords: Meningomyelocele, rotational flaps

Squamous Epithelium in the Middle Ear and Sinus

1994 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
Alper Tutkun ◽  
Caglar Batman ◽  
Cüneyt Üneri ◽  
Mehmet Ali Sehitoglu
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Superior Part

This study has been performed between December 1990—March 1991 in the Microsurgery laboratory of the Marmara University Hospital. Twelve healthy albino guinea pigs were used as a study group while the control group consists of three animals. The potentials for cholesteatoma formation of the squamous epithelium, namely the squamous epithelium of the posterior superior part of the external ear canal skin and normal skin, were investigated. Among 24 subjects who were implanted by canal skin, cholesteatoma was fanned in 21 of them. Likewise, 19 of 24 animals implanted by normal skin came out with cholesteatoma formation. Between these two types of epithelium, there is no statistical difference in cholesteatoma formation (p >0.5).

scholarly journals Skin-lightening practices in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Maya Vedamurthy ◽  
Vijaya Lakshmi Chelikani
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Chemical Peels ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Skin Lightening

Skin lightening involves various practices to bleach the skin or to reduce the normal skin tone. The practice of skin-lightening spans several continents throughout the centuries and cultures primarily aimed at improving the quality of life. The main aim of skin lightening in medieval times was to increase the sign of femininity and thereby its benefits. In India, skin lightening is preferred as a mark of class, caste, and richness. Dermatologists are faced with many problems dealing with requests to make skin fairer, while in the west, there is a problem dealing with skin conditions in skin of color. Many skin-lightening agents are sold as over-the-counter products and are popularized or advertised through magazines, social media, and celebrity influences. These products are self-prescribed and used rampantly despite the side effects. There is a strong equation between caste, social class, marital prospects, and occupational status based on skin color. Multinational skin-lightening cosmetic brands have a lucrative market. The most widely used topical agent in skin lightening is hydroquinone, while other non-hydroquinone agents are also frequently used. In general, combining skin-lightening agents have increased efficacy. Systemic agents such as glutathione, tranexamic acid, Vitamin C, and other miscellaneous agents are also popular. Several procedures ranging from chemical peels to lights and lasers are increasingly practiced for more effective skin lightening. In India, all skin-whitening creams can be bought without a prescription as OTC products. These products are not considered pharmaceutical products and are not subject to testing and regulations. In addition, the injudicious use of intravenous glutathione by unqualified personnel poses a threat to the lay public. In our role as dermatologists, we should develop a holistic approach in counseling and treating those patients on a quest for skin lightening.

Tatalaksana Anestesi Posisi Telungkup pada Pasien Pediatrik yang Menjalani Prosedur Reseksi dan Rekonstruksi Human Tail

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-213
Author(s):  
Alta Ikhsan Nur ◽  
◽  
M. Dwi Satriyanto ◽  
Yustisia Sofirina Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Prone Position ◽  
Spinal Dysraphism ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Lumbosacral Region ◽  
Reconstruction Procedure ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Human Tail ◽  
Posterior Element

Human tail or additional tail is an unusual malformation and is divided into true tails and pseudotails (lipoma, teratoma, fetal parasitic mylomeningocele). Human tail is associated with spinal dysraphism. Myelomeningocele is spinal dysraphism in which the spinal cord and its contents herniate through a bone defect. congenital to the posterior element. The surgical management of MMC poses challenges, not only to the implementation of anesthesia but also to provide perioperative care depending on the pediatric age group, comorbid conditions, and associated systemic disorders. Anesthesia for the MMC in the lumbosacral region was performed in the prone position. Changing the patient's position to the prone position is a critical maneuver. Complications that occur due to the wrong prone position can cause morbidity and some cases cause mortality so that anesthesia with the prone position must be well understood to avoid the risks and complications that can occur. A 5 year old girl with myelomeninocele will undergo a resection and reconstruction procedure in a prone position. The hemodynamic status during the procedure which lasted 3 hours was quite stable with a hemorrhage of about 10cc. After surgery, patients were treated for 1 day in PICU and ward for 3 days.

About the melanophore function of the pituitary gland

1936 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 960-967
Author(s):  
G. M. Sharafutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Dark Green

The normal skin color of a frog is easily changed by the environment. A frog, which is dark green in color in a humid dark environment, turns pale within 15-20 minutes. when transferring it to a dry, bright room.

Fractionated CO2 Laser Treatment for Vulvovaginal Lichen Sclerosus: An Integrative Review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Diane Hamburger ◽  
Michelle L. Goedken
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Lichen Sclerosus ◽  
Topical Steroids ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Randomized Controlled

BACKGROUND Lichen sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune skin disease and the etiology is not well understood. It can affect the female vulvar genital region causing painful, pruritic symptoms that negatively impact a woman’s quality of life. The current primary treatment for vulvar lichen scleorsus (VLS) is topical steroids but a number of other treatments are being studied at this time. OBJECTIVE There are numerous recalcitrant VLS cases that require secondary forms of treatment. One of which is the use of fractional CO2 laser therapy, which functions by superficially vaporizing the epidermis creating a microablative effect while also inducing collagen remodeling within the dermis. This review aims to bring awareness to this secondary form of treatment for VLS. METHODS Four articles are reviewed that were published in the last year (2020-2021) evaluating the improvements in VLS symptoms after at least two treatments of fractionated CO2 laser therapy. RESULTS Three of the four articles included patients that suffered from previously treated VLS experiencing persistent symptoms. Only one of the studies was a randomized controlled trial. The follow-up time ranged from one month to sixteen months. Two studies showed statistically significant improvement in symptoms such as vaginal pain, itching, and dyspareunia. The other two studies reported improvement in these symptoms, however, the results were not statistically significant. Other symptoms noted to show improvement were erythema, leukoderma, and skin elasticity. After five to seven treatments with this CO2 laser, there was also a reduction in erosions and fissures as well as restoration of normal skin color and texture. Adverse events from this treatment included minor burning and blistering at the laser site. CONCLUSIONS While the recent published work suggests there may be a benefit to the use of fractionated CO2 laser therapy for recalcitrant VLS, only one of them was a randomized controlled trial. Future studies should be completed with this design. Until then, the treatment should follow guidelines with topical steroids being the primary form of management. CLINICALTRIAL none

Skin and Trabecular Thickening

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phoebe E. Freer
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Imaging Finding ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Inframammary Fold ◽  
Granulomatous Mastitis ◽  
Fibrous Stroma

Normal skin measures 0.5–2 mm thick, but may be thicker in the periareolar, axillary, parasternal, and inframammary fold regions. Trabecular thickening—thickening of the Cooper’s ligaments and fibrous stroma—is an imaging finding of breast edema, usually secondary to dilated lymphatics. Their differential diagnosis may be narrowed by considering the distribution of the findings; for example, considering if the finding is focal or diffuse, or if the process is unilateral or bilateral. This chapter reviews the key imaging and clinical features of skin and trabecular thickening. Skin thickening and trabecular thickening often occur together, and they have similar differential diagnoses. The differential diagnosis will be reviewed based on distribution (unilateral vs. bilateral, focal vs. diffuse). Topics discussed include mastitis, inflammatory cancer, systemic causes of edema (congestive heart failure), and other rare presentations of disease such as lymphoma and granulomatous mastitis.

scholarly journals Co-Occurrence of Pineal-Region and Pituitary-Stalk Hemangioblastomas in a Patient Presenting with Von Hippel-Lindau Disease – A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Rassier Isolan ◽  
Gerson Evandro Perondi ◽  
Amauri Dalla-Corte ◽  
Allan Fernando Giovanini ◽  
João Paulo Mota Telles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Vascular Lesion ◽  
Pineal Region ◽  
Pituitary Stalk ◽  
Fibrous Stroma ◽  
Pineal Region Tumor ◽  
Von Hippel Lindau ◽  
Transcallosal Approach ◽  
Vhl Disease

Abstract Introduction Hemangioblastomas of the pineal region or pituitary stalk are extremely rare. Only two cases of hemangioblastomas involving the pineal region have been reported, and four involving the pituitary stalk. The purpose of the present manuscript is to describe an unusual case of supposed hemangioblastoma found concomitantly in the pineal region and pituitary stalk of a patient diagnosed with Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. Case Report A 35-year-old female patient with a previous diagnosis of VHL complaining of occipital headaches and balance disturbances for three weeks, who previously had a cerebellar hemangioblastoma resected. The visual characteristics of the tumor suggested a friable vascular lesion with a reddish-brown surface, and an incisional biopsy was performed. The tumor consisted of a dense vascular network surrounded by fibrous stroma abundant in reticulin and composed by both fusiform and dispersed xanthomatous cells; the immunohistochemistry was immunopositive for neuron-specific enolase and immunonegative for epithelial membranous antigen. The patient has been monitored closely for 2 years, and the supratentorial masses have not presented any volume alteration. Conclusion This rare association must be taken into account in patients with VHL disease, or at least be suspected in patients who present a thickening of the pituitary stalk and a pineal-region mass. We believe a biopsy of our asymptomatic patient could have been dangerous due to inherent complications like intraoperative bleeding. We recommend close observation of asymptomatic lesions with MRIs every six months or until the lesions become symptomatic. If the pineal-region tumor does become symptomatic, gross resection via a transcallosal approach would be ideal.

scholarly journals Repigmentation of Tenacious Vitiligo on Apremilast

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara B. Huff ◽  
Lorie D. Gottwald
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Physical Exam ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Serologic Marker

Vitiligo is a common pigment disorder characterized by acquired loss of function or absence of melanocytes, leading to distinct areas of depigmentation. Physical exam reveals sharply demarcated, depigmented macules or patches on otherwise normal skin. Vitiligo can present at any age, in any skin color. There is no specific serologic marker for diagnosis, but patients often have other autoimmune problems. Treatment options are limited and are difficult given the fact that the pathogenesis of the disease is not well elucidated. We present the case of a 52-year-old woman with vitiligo for over 2 decades. The patient’s medical history reveals a lack of response to many different approaches. This case highlights the ability of apremilast, an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, to achieve repigmentation in a case a vitiligo that has been extremely recalcitrant.

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