scholarly journals Bariatric Surgery Impact on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Is Age a Factor to Consider?

Obesity Facts ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fernando Mendonça ◽  
Maria Manuel Silva ◽  
Daniela Salazar ◽  
Maria João Ferreira ◽  
Jorge Pedro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Age At Surgery ◽  
Clinically Significant

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Despite the abundance of data addressing the influence of patient’s age on surgery-related complications, its impact on cardiometabolic outcomes following bariatric surgery has been overlooked. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Retrospective unicentric study of 1,728 obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery between January 2010 and June 2015. Patients were divided in 3 age groups, according to their age at surgery: ˂40 (<i>n</i> = 751), 40–59 (<i>n</i> = 879), and ≥60 years (<i>n</i> = 98). Parameters with cardiometabolic impact, such as body anthropometric measures, lipid profile, and glycemic status, before and 24 months after surgery, were compared between these groups. A multiple linear regression was performed, adjusting differences between groups for sex, surgery type, and body mass index variation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The group ˂40 years presented more weight loss (–35.4 ± 9.0 kg, <i>p</i> ˂ 0.001), greater BMI reduction (–15.8 ± 6.1 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, <i>p</i> ˂ 0.001), and larger changes in waist (–34 ± 13.8 cm, <i>p</i> ˂ 0.001) and hip circumferences (–28.7 ± 11.9 cm, <i>p</i> ˂ 0.05). The group of ≥60 years presented the heaviest reduction in fasting glucose (–17.7 ± 32.8 mg/dL, <i>p</i> ˂ 0.001) and HbA1c (0.7 ± 1.0, <i>p</i> ˂ 0.001), and also had a tendency to have the biggest changes in systolic blood pressure (–14.7 ± 18.7 mm Hg, <i>p</i> = 0.071). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Patients with ≥60 years benefit the most from bariatric surgery regarding cardiometabolic parameters, presenting heavier reductions in fasting glucose, as well as HbA1c and a tendency towards a higher decrease in systolic blood pressure. No clinically significant differences in lipid profile were observed between groups.

scholarly journals Dynamics of body weight and comorbidities in obese patients after sleeve gastrectomy vs. gastric bypass

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Anna R. Volkova ◽  
Michael B. Fishman ◽  
Galina V. Semikova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Nadir Point ◽  
Clinically Significant

Background: Bariatric surgery methods have proven to be most effective in treating obesity. Weight regain (WR) is often found after various types of bariatric surgery. The clinical significance of WR is not clearly defined. Aims: to assess the dynamics of body weight and determine the amount of clinically significant WR based on the study of carbohydrate metabolism and blood pressure in patients with obesity after performing sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and gastric bypass (GB). Materials and methods: 68 patients with obesity after SG (40) and GB (28) were observed for 3 years. Body mass index (BMI), percentage of excess BMI lost (% EBMIL), WR, glycated hemoglobin, blood pressure were evaluated. Results: A comparable efficiency (EBMIL more than 50%) of the SG and the GB was at the nadir point. %EBMIL over 50% was achieved in 78.8% of patients after SG and 80.0% of patients after GB. WR more than 15% was associated with a significant increase in systolic blood pressure. Clinically significant WR in the SG group was detected in 32.5% of patients, in the GB group in 17.2% of patients (p 0.05). Conclusion: WR of more than 15% was associated with a significant increase in systolic blood pressure in patients with obesity after SG and GB, which makes it possible to consider WR of more than 15% clinically significant. A clinically significant WR 36 months after surgery was detected in 32.5% of patients after SG and 17.2% of patients after GB.

scholarly journals STUDY OF LIPID PROFILE, SERUM MAGNESIUM AND BLOOD GLUCOSE IN HYPERTENSION

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Divya Sinha ◽  
S. R. Padmeodev ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Blood Pressures

An attempt was made to study the role of lipid profile serum Mg+2, and blood glucose in hypertension individuals. Moreover, all the parameters are analyzed biochemically. In about 80 samples (50cases and 30 controls) and it is observed that dyslipidemia is seen in Hypertensive individuals with no change in HDL concentration. There is no correlation of serum magnesium in hypertensive cases with controls. It has been observed that serum magnesium of hypertensive cases is slightly higher than that of normal individuals. Fasting blood glucose of hypertensive cases (101.62mg/dl ±33.78) is higher than that of Controls (82.46 mg/dl±10.8). This increase is statistically significant (p<0.001). But this increase may be due to the presence 12% diabetic cases present in the cases. Even then, there is a tendency of developing impaired glucose tolerance in hypertensive subjects. The blood pressure is noted separately as systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressures. The systolic blood pressure was more significant than the diastolic blood pressure with increasing age groups.

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Recordings in Children and Adolescents

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-184
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Harshfield ◽  
Bruce S. Alpert ◽  
Derrick A. Pulliam ◽  
Grant W. Somes ◽  
Dawn K. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Black And White

Objective. To provide reference data for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and to determine the influence of age, sex, and race on these values. Methods. ABPM was performed on 300 healthy, normotensive boys and girls between the ages of 10 and 18 years, including 160 boys and 140 girls, of whom 149 were white and 151 were black. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) while awake and during sleep were calculated for black and white boys and girls aged 10 to 12 years, 13 to 15 years, and 16 to 18 years. Results. Boys compared with girls 10 to 12 years of age had higher mean (±SD) SBP (115 ± 9 vs 112 ± 9 mm Hg; P &lt; .01) and DBP (67 ± 7 vs 65 ± 5 mm Hg; P &lt; .01) while awake. Boys compared to girls 13 to 15 years of age had higher SBP while awake (116 ± 11 vs 112 ± 8 mm Hg; P &lt; .01). Boys compared with girls 16 to 18 years of age had higher SBP while awake (125 ± 12 vs 111 ± 9 mm Hg; P &lt; .01) and during sleep (116 ± 11 vs 106 ± 9 mm Hg). Comparisons within sex showed similar changes with age for boys and girls. Blacks compared with whites 13 to 15 years of age had higher SBP during sleep (109 ± 11 vs 105 ± 10 mm Hg; P &lt; .01), and blacks compared with whites 16 to 18 years of age had higher DBP during sleep (66 ± 7 vs 58 ± 6 mm Hg; P &lt; .01). Comparisons across age groups within race showed that blacks 16 to 18 years of age had higher SBP during sleep than blacks 10 to 12 years of age (109 ± 11 vs 104 ± 10 mm Hg), and higher DBP during sleep (66 ± 7 mm Hg; P &lt; .01) than blacks 10 to 12 years of age (61 ± 7 mm Hg; P &lt; .01) and 13 to 15 years of age (61 ± 8; P &lt; .01 mm Hg). The changes with age were not significant for white subjects. Conclusion. These results provide age-specific reference data for ABPM in youths. These values differ by sex (boys more than girls) and race (Blacks more than Whites).

P5728Association of systolic blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes at different age groups in the healthy general population: a nationwide prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Jung ◽  
S H Ihm ◽  
S J An ◽  
S W Yi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Linear Association ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Background Uncertainties remain regarding the effect of blood pressure on various cardiovascular outcomes in different age groups. Purpose We aimed to identify 1) whether a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 130–139 mm Hg elevates cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and 2) whether SBP shows a linear association with cause-specific CVD mortality in all age groups among individuals without known hypertension and CVD. Methods We used the Korean National Health Insurance sample data (n=429,220). Participants were categorized into three groups by age (40–59, 60–69, and 70–80 years). Results A positive and graded association was generally observed between SBP and overall and cause-specific CVD mortality regardless of age, except for ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality in those aged 70–80 years. Among those aged 70–80, the hazard ratios (HRs) (95% CIs) for overall CVD mortality were 1.08 (0.92–1.28), 1.14 (0.97–1.34), and 1.34 (1.14–1.58) for SBP values of 120–129, 130–139, and 140–149 mm Hg, respectively, compared to SBP <120 mm Hg. For total stroke mortality, the corresponding HRs were 1.29 (1.02–1.64), 1.37 (1.09–1.72), and 1.52 (1.20–1.93), while for IHD mortality, the corresponding HRs were 0.90 (0.64–1.26), 0.86 (0.62–1.19), and 1.29 (0.93–1.78). Nonlinear associations were significant for IHD (Fig 1). Figure 1 Conclusion In the elderly Korean population, SBPs of 130–139 mm Hg elevated total stroke mortality, but not IHD mortality, compared to normal BP, and a linear association was not observed for IHD mortality in the range <140 mm Hg. Regarding an appropriate diagnostic cutoff for hypertension, an individualized approach considering each person's organ susceptibility is needed for the elderly population. Acknowledgement/Funding None

scholarly journals The Effect of Captopril on the Decrease of Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure in Hypertension Rat with Kidney Dysfunction Complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Aisa Dinda Mitra ◽  
Helmi Arifin ◽  
Harrizul Rivai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Histopathologic Findings

The most commonly used antihypertensives in Indonesia vary according to the age of the patient. At the age of 40-60 years, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are usually given to older patients. All age groups were treated with a combination of CCB and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB). Captopril is one of the ACE inhibitor classes, and captopril can lower blood pressure, improve renal impairment, and suppress kidney inflammation through the inactivation of NF-κB in hypertensive mice. Hypertension is closely related to renal dysfunction, requiring blood pressure to be lowered to the normotensive range to prevent progressive kidney damage. In the acute reperfusion stage, captopril prevents excessive angiotensin II synthesis, improves renal dysfunction, inhibited intrarenal inflammation, and better histopathologic findings. Most of the renoprotective effects of captopril occur in the acute reperfusion stage. At the same time, captopril significantly reduces NO availability, exacerbates intrarenal hypoxia, and exacerbates oxidative stress. This study aims to determine the effect of captopril on systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. In this study, all experimental animals were made hypertensive first by inducing 8% NaCl for 21 days given orally. Then the group with renal complications was induced by administering gentamicin for seven days provided intraperitoneally. Blood creatinine levels were measured using a Photometer5010V5 +. Measurement of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure using the Non-Invasive Blood Pressure (NIBP) instrument. The data from this study were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The results showed that complications of renal dysfunction in hypertensive rats had a significant effect on reducing systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (p ˂ 0.05). The administration of captopril at doses of 1.25 mg, 2.5 mg, and 5 mg significantly affected decreased systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (p ˂ 0.05). Captopril 5 mg dose was the most effective in lowering systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Foot Reflection Therapy toward Systolic Blood Pressure in Patients with Primary Hypertension

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liota Marsha Renardiyarto ◽  
Dwi Ari Murti Widigdo ◽  
Tulus Puji Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Primary Hypertension ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Clinically Significant

Hypertension is a high blood pressure disorder which disrupts blood flow resulting in blocking of oxygen and nutrition carried by the blood to body tissue. Based on Dinas Kesehatan Jawa Tengah's data, hypertension became one of the health issues with a percentage of 37%. One of non-pharmacological therapy is foot-reflexology therapy. This method gives a relaxation effect that could make blood circulating better, decay the blocking in blood vessel, nourish muscles and nerves, and strenghten heart activity. Objective: To determine the effect of foot reflection therapy toward systolic blood pressure in primary hypertension patient at Ngadirojo, Secang, Magelang Method: This study used the pre-experiment method with one group pre-test post-test design without a control group. Simple random sampling technic was used to get 46 subjects. Result: Wilcoxon Test result showed different significant in this study between pre-post test foot reflection therapy by p=0.000 (p<0.05). It meant there was an effect of foot-reflection therapy on systolic blood pressure in primary hypertension. The average of blood pressure decrease was 3,7 mmHg. Although, the results of this study showed that there was a significantly different decrease in this decrease was not clinically significant. The recommendation is made to conduct a study in a combination of pharmacology and non-pharmacology intervention to lower blood pressure.

Evaluation of Waist Circumference to Predict Cardiovascular Risk Factors in an Overweight Tehranian Population: Findings from Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaillzadeh ◽  
Mirmiran ◽  
Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Adequate Evidence

This study was conducted to evaluate the waist circumference (WC) cut-off points to predict cardiovascular risk factors in the overweight Tehranian population. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and biochemical analyses were evaluated for the 15,005 participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Three thousand sixty-five subjects aged 18–74 years with a body mass index of 25–29.9 were enrolled in this study. Abdominal obesity was defined as WC ≥ 102 cm for men and ≥ 88 cm for women. Sensitivity of WC ≥ 102 cm to detect various cardiovascular risk factors for men aged 35–54 years was between 5% and 14%, and for men aged 55–74 years, was between 12% and 19%. The specificity of this cut-off point was between 93% and 98% and between 86% and 96% for corresponding age-categories, respectively. WC ≥ 88 cm had a sensitivity of between 28% and 41% for identifying cardiovascular risk factors in women aged 18–34 years. Sensitivity tended to increase with age and specificity tended to decrease with age in both genders. These cut-off points had the highest positive predictive value for the more prevalent risk factors in both genders. The negative predictive values were different for various risk factors among age groups. The classic cut-off points of WC failed to provide adequate evidence for the use of WC in detecting cardiovascular risk factors. Further studies should be conducted to determine optimal WC cut-off points for Iranians.

scholarly journals Exploiting dietary supplementation trials to assess the impact of the prenatal environment on CVD risk

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Hawkesworth
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
The Impact

Animal studies have demonstrated that altering the maternal diet during pregnancy affects offspring disease risk. Data from human subjects on the early-life determinants of disease have been derived primarily from birth-weight associations; studies of the impact of the maternal diet are scarce and inconsistent. Investigating CVD risk factors in the offspring of women who have participated in maternal supplementation trials provides a useful resource in this research field, by virtue of employing an experimental design (as compared with observational studies). To date, follow-up studies have been published only for a small number of trials; these trials include the impact of maternal protein–energy, multiple-micronutrient and Ca supplementation on offspring disease risk. In Nepal maternal micronutrient supplementation has been shown to be associated with lower offspring systolic blood pressure at 2 years of age. Data from Guatemala on a pre- and postnatal protein–energy community intervention have suggested long-term improvements in fasting glucose and body composition but not in blood pressure. In The Gambia no association has been found between prenatal protein–energy supplementation and markers of CVD risk including body composition, blood pressure and fasting glucose and insulin in childhood and adolescence. Little evidence of an effect of maternal Ca supplementation on offspring blood pressure has been demonstrated in four trials, although the risk of high systolic blood pressure was found to be reduced in one trial. The present paper reviews the current evidence relating maternal nutritional supplementation during pregnancy to offspring CVD risk and explores the potential explanations for the lack of association.

Defining Hypotension in Moderate to Severely Injured Trauma Patients: Raising the Bar for the Elderly

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1035-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Edwards ◽  
Eric Ley ◽  
James Mirocha ◽  
Anoushiravan Amini Hadjibashi ◽  
Daniel R. Margulies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Definition Of

Hypotension, defined as systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg, is recognized as a sign of hemorrhagic shock and is a validated prognostic indicator. The definition of hypotension, particularly in the elderly population, deserves attention. We hypothesized that the systolic blood pressure associated with increased mortality resulting from hemorrhagic shock increases with increasing age. The Los Angeles County Trauma Database was queried for all moderate to severely injured patients without major head injuries admitted between 1998 and 2005. Several fit statistic analyses were performed for each systolic blood pressure from 50 to 180 mm Hg to identify the model that most accurately defined hypotension for three age groups. The optimal definition of hypotension for each group was determined from the best fit model. A total of 24,438 patients were analyzed. The optimal definition of hypotension was systolic blood pressure of 100 mm Hg for patients 20 to 49 years, 120 mm Hg for patients 50 to 69 years, and 140 mm Hg for patients 70 years and older. The optimal systolic blood pressure for improved mortality in hemorrhagic shock increases significantly with increasing age. Elderly trauma patients without major head injuries should be considered hypotensive for systolic blood pressure less than 140 mm Hg.

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