Does Determining Tumor Markers from the Testicular Vein Enable Better Diagnosis and Prognosis?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Thomas Zauner ◽  
Stefan Heidler ◽  
Lukas Lusuardi ◽  
Walter Albrecht ◽  
Florian Wimpissinger
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Testicular Vein ◽  
Β Hcg

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> β-HCG has been the only tumor marker evaluated in testicular vein (VT) blood until now. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To evaluate the correlation between the tumor markers β-HCG, AFP, PLAP, and LDH from the VT and peripheral blood as well as their significance in predicting tumor recurrence and tumor stage. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Patients with testicular cancer undergoing orchiectomy were studied retrospectively over a period of 20 years. Tumor stage, tumor histology, time to tumor recurrence, and tumor markers from VT and peripheral blood were analyzed. Minimal follow-up was 2 years. Statistical analysis was performed by means of Cox- and logistic regression models and Spearman rank correlation coefficients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 172 patients with an average follow-up of 9.9 years were investigated. The overall recurrence rate was 18% (seminoma patients 20.8%, nonseminoma patients 14.5%). Marker values measured from VT blood were higher than in peripheral blood and correlated strongly with the peripherally measured values. AFP obtained from peripheral blood was the only tumor marker allowing a statement on the recurrence probability. Tumor markers from VT blood showed no correlation with tumor stage. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Tumor markers from VT blood are significantly higher than in peripheral blood. Tumor markers obtained from VT blood do not provide clinical advantage in terms of assessing tumor stage and recurrence probability.

Evaluating the impact of a trial in breast cancer tumor markers: A value of research analysis.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16524-e16524
Author(s):  
Rahber Thariani ◽  
David K Blough ◽  
William Barlow ◽  
Norah Lynn Henry ◽  
Julie Gralow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Societal Value ◽  
Cancer Tumor ◽  
The Impact

e16524 Background: Despite not being recommended by clinical guidelines, the tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen (CA)15-3, and CA 27.29 are used by some clinicians to screen for increased risk of breast cancer recurrence. Although additional research may be warranted to evaluate the benefits and risks of breast cancer tumor marker tests, clinical trials would likely need to involve thousands of women and would take many years to complete. We conducted an analysis to assess the societal value of a prospective randomized clinical trial (RCT) for breast tumor marker testing in routine follow-up of high-risk, stage II-III breast cancer survivors Methods: We used value of information techniques to assess the benefits of reducing uncertainty of using breast cancer tumor markers. We developed a decision-analytic model of biomarker testing in addition to standard surveillance at follow-up appointments every 3-6 months for five years. Expected value of sample information (EVSI) was assessed over a range of trial sizes and assumptions. Results: The overall value of research for an RCT involving 9,000 women was $166 million (EVSI). The value of improved information characterizing the survival impact of tumor markers was $81 million, quality-of-life $38 million, and test performance $95 million. Conclusions: Our analysis indicates that substantial societal value may be gained by conducting a clinical trial evaluating the use of breast cancer tumor markers. The most important aspects of the trial in our analysis were information gained on survival improvements as well as quality-of-life parameters associated with testing and test sensitivity and specificity. Our analysis indicates that smaller randomized trials, as well as adding quality of life instruments to existing trials, retrospective, and observational trials can also generate valuable and relevant information.

Quality Assessment of Tumor Marker Determinations: A Proposal for a Supraregional Scheme

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
A. Piffanelli ◽  
M. Giganti ◽  
P. Colamussi ◽  
C. Cittanti ◽  
D. Pelizzola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
External Quality ◽  
Realistic Information ◽  
Eqa Schemes

The use of tumor marker tests has increased progressively in the last decade concomitant with the advent of new monoclonal antibodies and their growing use in clinical oncology for various follow-up programs. External quality assessment (EQA) schemes widely adopted in clinical chemistry, have been extended in the last decade to immunoassays of hormones and tumor markers. EQA results can provide realistic information on the quality of the assays, performed under routine conditions. The goal of this article is to report the main results and discrepancies encountered so far in External Quality Assessment programs on tumor markers.

How Tumor Markers are used in the Routine Follow-up of Breast and Colorectal Cancer. A Survey of 29 Italian Hospitals

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gion ◽  
P. Barioli ◽  
A. Ponti ◽  
V. Torri ◽  
R. Mione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Relative Uncertainty ◽  
Hospital Beds ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The Impact

The impact of tumor markers on the outcome of several malignancies is still under debate. This relative uncertainty leads to a subjective approach to their use. Monitoring the use of tumor markers is a valuable tool to identify the need for educational policies. We conducted a survey to evaluate how tumor markers are routinely used in the follow-up of patients with breast, colorectal and ovarian carcinoma. The former two malignancies are considered in the present paper. We surveyed 35 Italian hospitals; 29 (83%, accounting for 26,622 hospital beds) filled in and returned the questionnaire. Overall, 467,361 tumor marker requests were scrutinized by the surveyed hospitals. We found a wide variability in the type and number of routinely used markers, the cutoff points chosen, and the clinical decisions taken on the basis of marker results. In addition, we observed a relative lack of communication between clinicians and clinical pathologists in around 50% of the surveyed hospitals. In these cases clinical information was not provided to the laboratory and methodological aspects were not communicated to clinicians. From the findings of the present study we conclude that the cooperation between clinicians and clinical pathologists must improve before guidelines for the use of tumor marker assays can be framed and the compliance with these guidelines can be checked. Request forms for tumor marker assays should therefore be designed to contain clinical information and the quality of filling in request forms with clinical data should be carefully monitored.

Longitudinal follow-up of breast cancer patients with the tumor markers CA 549 and CA 15.3

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Vankrieken ◽  
F. Heureux ◽  
J. Longueville ◽  
R. De Hertogh
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Ca 15.3 ◽  
Cutoff Levels

In order to verify the efficiency of the tumor markers CA 15.3 and CA 549 in the follow-up of breast cancer patients, it was necessary first to check the cutoff levels of each tumor marker in women with an increased age-related risk, but with no evidence of disease. From 132 serum samples in this age group, we confirmed the CA 549 cutoff level of 12.1 U/ml. However, the cutoff of CA 15.3 was 34 U/ml, which is higher than previously reported in the literature. Fifty-two breast cancer patients with or without metastases at the time of entry into the study were followed for 2 to 3 years with both tumor markers. The sensitivity, specificity and the test efficiency for the presence of metastases were analyzed with each tumor marker. Taking into account the different cutoff levels, we concluded that both tumor markers can be used independently to follow the clinical situation of patients. In several cases an increase in both tumor markers was observed before a clinical diagnosis of metastases could be made. Combination of these two tumor markers gave no more significant information about the patient's clinical situation than each tumor marker alone.

scholarly journals Clinical Research on the Postoperative Recurrence of Non Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
Chang-Li Xu ◽  
Jin-Qi Song ◽  
Ya-Nan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Muscle Invasive

Background: Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor in the urinary system, in which non muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is the most common. The recurrence rate of the patients after operation is high, which has a serious impact on the physical and mental health of the patients. Therefore, how to reduce the recurrence rate of NMIBC patients is the focus of clinical research. Objectives: To study the recurrent factor of NMIBC after surgery for promotion of therapeutic efficacy. Methods: Retrospective analysis of one hundred patients of carcinoma of urinary bladder were consecutively enrolled and data on gender, age, tumor stage, tumor grade, tumor size, tumor configuration, multiplicity, date of surgery, tumor histology, recurrence history, resident area, frequency of tumor recurrence, follow-up history as screening target to analyze by Cox proportional-risk model, and screen dependent factor which can be used to predict tumor recurrent risk after surgery. Results: Tumor size, tumor stage, tumor grade, frequency of tumor recurrence, multiplicity and history of regular follow-up are related to NMIBC recurrence after surgery. Conclusion: Aggregate analysis of these factors can evaluate recurrent risk of NMIBC and it is significant to the therapy of NMIBC.

scholarly journals A new functional parameter measured at the time of ablation that can be used to predict differentiated thyroid cancer recurrence during follow-up

2007 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbert B T Verkooijen ◽  
Daphne Rietbergen ◽  
Jan W Smit ◽  
Johannes A Romijn ◽  
Marcel P M Stokkel
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Ablation Therapy ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Uptake Rates

Background: This study addresses the questions whether patients with a high risk for recurrent thyroid cancer can be identified at initial stage, i.e. at the time of ablation. Methods: We evaluated tumor recurrence in consecutive patients treated for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Prognostic factors were statistically analyzed. We defined prognostic parameters based on thyroglobulin (Tg) levels, 24-h I-131 uptake rates and TSH values: (a) Tg/TSH, (b) Tg/24-h I-131 uptake value, and (c) Tg/(TSH×24-h I-131 uptake). Results: We included 190 patients (50 male, 140 female; mean age 47 years) with DTC for analysis, 146 without distant metastases and 44 with M1 tumor stage at initial presentation. The mean period of follow-up was 10.4 years (s.d. ± 3.7 years). In 18 out of the 146 DTC patients with M0 disease (12.4%), tumor recurrence was found during follow-up. Although tumor stage, age, and standard biochemical values significantly differ between patients with and without recurrent disease or between patients with M0 and M1 tumor stage, the newly defined parameter Tg/(TSH×24-h I-131 uptake) was the best independent significant prognostic parameter in the assessment whether patients will develop a tumor recurrence during follow-up or not. Conclusion: High Tg/(TSH×24-h I-131 uptake) ratios justify an adjustment of the I-131 activity for ablation therapy. To assess the optimal cut-off value for a dose adjustment, however, further studies are required in more patients, but the initial results are encouraging with respect to improving outcome in DTC patients.

Prediction of lymph node metastase in NSCLC

2010 ◽  
Vol 01 (05) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Beyer ◽  
B. Buerke ◽  
J. Gerss ◽  
K. Scheffe ◽  
M. Puesken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Axial Diameter ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

SummaryPurpose: To distinguish between benign and malignant mediastinal lymph nodes in patients with NSCLC by comparing 2D and semiautomated 3D measurements in FDG-PET-CT.Patients, material, methods: FDG-PET-CT was performed in 46 patients prior to therapy. 299 mediastinal lymph-nodes were evaluated independently by two radiologists, both manually and by semi-automatic segmentation software. Longest-axial-diameter (LAD), shortest-axial-diameter (SAD), maximal-3D-diameter, elongation and volume were obtained. FDG-PET-CT and clinical/FDG-PET-CT follow up examinations and/or histology served as the reference standard. Statistical analysis encompassed intra-class-correlation-coefficients and receiver-operator-characteristics-curves (ROC). Results: The standard of reference revealed involvement in 87 (29%) of 299 lymph nodes. Manually and semi-automatically measured 2D parameters (LAD and SAD) showed a good correlation with mean

Circulating matrix metaloproteinases as biomarkers in colorectalcancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Tissue Inhibitors ◽  
Natural Tissue

The aim of this research is to offer comprehensive point of view related to perspective tumor markers called matrix metaloproteinases and their natural tissue inhibitors. Those markers are potentially useable mainly in postoperative follow-up in patients with colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study on Dependence of Mercury Distribution on the Degree of Coalification in Ningwu Coalfield, Shanxi, China

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3119
Author(s):  
Yinjiao Su ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Yang Teng ◽  
Kai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Mercury Distribution ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Total Proportion ◽  
The Relationship

Mercury (Hg) is a toxic trace element emitted from coal conversion and utilization. Samples with different coal ranks and gangue from Ningwu Coalfield are selected and investigated in this study. For understanding dependence of mercury distribution characteristics on coalification degree, Pearson regression analysis coupled with Spearman rank correlation is employed to explore the relationship between mercury and sulfur, mercury and ash in coal, and sequential chemical extraction method is adopted to recognize the Hg speciation in the samples of coal and gangue. The measured results show that Hg is positively related to total sulfur content in coal and the affinity of Hg to different sulfur forms varies with the coalification degree. Organic sulfur has the biggest impact on Hg in peat, which becomes weak with increasing the coalification degree from lignite to bituminous coal. Sulfate sulfur is only related to Hg in peat or lignite as little content in coal. However, the Pearson linear correlation coefficients of Hg and pyritic sulfur are relatively high with 0.479 for lignite, 0.709 for sub-bituminous coal and 0.887 for bituminous coal. Hg is also related to ash content in coal, whose Pearson linear correlation coefficients are 0.504, 0.774 and 0.827 respectively, in lignite, sub-bituminous coal and bituminous coal. Furthermore, Hg distribution is directly depended on own speciation in coal. The total proportion of F2 + F3 + F4 is increased from 41.5% in peat to 87.4% in bituminous coal, but the average proportion of F5 is decreased from 56.8% in peat to 12.4% in bituminous coal. The above findings imply that both Hg and sulfur enrich in coal largely due to the migration from organic state to inorganic state with the increase of coalification degree in Ningwu Coalfield.

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