Joinpoint Regression Analysis of Trends in Multiple Sclerosis Incidence in Kuwait: 1980–2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 472-481
Author(s):  
Saeed Akhtar ◽  
Jarrah Al-Abkal ◽  
Raed Alroughani
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Incident Cases

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system with unknown precise etiology. Temporally, a tendency for increasing MS incidence has been recorded worldwide. This cross-sectional cohort study sought to quantify trends in the age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) (per million person-years) of MS in Kuwait from 1980 to 2019, overall and by subcohorts defined by age at MS onset, sex, and nationality. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> MS incidence data from 1980 to 2019 were obtained from the Kuwait National MS Registry (KNMSR). Using midyear relevant Kuwait population as denominator and the World Standard Population as a reference, MS ASIRs overall and by subcohorts defined by age at onset (0–19, 20–39, and 40+ years), sex (male and female), and nationality (Kuwaiti and non-Kuwaiti) were computed. Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to estimate average annual percent change (AAPC) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) overall and by subcohorts. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During 1980–2019, a total of 1,764 MS incident cases of 95.6 million person-years at-risk were diagnosed and registered in KNMSR. The overall MS ASIR (per million person-years) during the study period was 34.1 (95% CI: 16.1, 52.1). Between 1980 and 2010, in the total cohort, ASIRs of MS significantly increased by 13% (AAPC = 13.0; 95% CI: 10.8, 15.3; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), followed by statistically nonsignificant declining trend during the ensuing period (AAPC = −3.8; 95% CI: −14.8, 8.8; <i>p</i> = 0.522). Joinpoint regression analysis revealed that 2 subcohorts of Kuwaiti females each with one joinpoint had significant increasing trends in MS ASIRs (0- to 19-year-old Kuwaiti females, AAPC: 1980–2009, 81.0; 95% CI: 58.2, 107.0; <i>p</i> = 0.001; 20- to 39-year-old Kuwaiti females, AAPC: 1980–1999, 131.7; 95% CI: 26.9, 322.8; <i>p</i> = 0.021). Additionally, of remaining 10, 6 subcohorts had significantly (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05) increasing trends in MS ASIRs from 1980 to 2019. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> From 1980 to 2010, Kuwait has an overall significantly increasing trend in MS ASIRs followed by a nonsignificant declining drift in the ensuing period. The increasing trend in MS risk appeared to be driven by increased risk among Kuwaiti females younger than 40 years. The underlying factors modulating MS risk in Kuwait need further studies.

scholarly journals Are Chilean Pasture Seed End-Users Adopting New Species? Trends and Joinpoint Regression Analysis of the Last 19 Years of Seed Imports

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Cristian J. Moscoso ◽  
Fernando Ortega-Klose ◽  
Alejandra Acuña
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
End Users ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Seed Market ◽  
Increasing Trends

Pastures are important for the agricultural sector as forage, recreational and sports systems. The Chilean pasture seed market is highly dependent on introduced genetics; however, the effect of climate change and market conditions can modify pasture options. The objective of this study was to quantify changes of the pasture seeds sown by Chilean end-users, as metric tons (Mt) or proportion of the total (PT), based on 19 years of imported seed. The Mann–Kendall test and joinpoint regression analysis were used to estimate the overall trends and the average annual percent change (AAPC) for the whole period, respectively. The total imported Mt had an increasing trend and AAPC (+5.7%), wherein a large PT corresponded to ryegrasses (Lolium spp.) (0.681), with increasing trends for Mt and PT. Clovers (Trifolium spp.) had decreasing trends and AAPC (−2.9% for Mt and −9.6% for PT). For PT, the main species was perennial ryegrass (L. perenne L.) (0.357), with increasing trends for Mt. As Mt, a positive AAPC was found for plantain (P. lanceolata L.) (+17.4%) and chicory (C. intybus L.) (+63.2%). Over a period of 19 years, based on Mt but not PT, Chilean end-users have been adopting new pasture species with a decreasing use of Trifolium spp.

scholarly journals Temporal Trends in Apparent Food Consumption in Bangladesh: A Joinpoint Regression Analysis of FAO’s Food Balance Sheet Data from 1961 to 2013

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan ◽  
Jennifer Saulam ◽  
Kanae Kanda ◽  
Tomohiro Hirao
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Dietary History ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis

We analyzed the temporal trends and significant changes in apparent food consumption or availabilityin Bangladesh from 1961 to 2013. Due to the lack of a long-term national dietary intake dataset, this study used data derived from the FAO’s food balance sheets. We used joinpoint regression analysis to identify significant changes in the temporal trends. The annual percent change (APC) was computed for each segment of the trends. Apparent intake of starchy roots, eggs, fish, vegetables, milk, and vegetable oils significantly has increased (p < 0.05) in the Bangladeshi diet since 1961; whereas cereals changed by merely 4.65%. Bangladesh has been experiencing three structural changes in their dietary history after the Liberation War, though the intake level has been grossly inadequate. Initially, since the late-1970s, apparent vegetable oils intake increased at a market rate (APC = 7.53). Subsequently, since the early-1990s, the real force behind the structural change in the diet has been the increasing trends in the apparent intake of fish (APC = 5.05), eggs (APC = 4.65), and meat (APC = 1.54). Lastly, since the early 2000s, apparent intakes of fruits (APC = 20.44), vegetables (APC = 10.58), and milk (APC = 3.55) increased significantly (p <0.05). This study result reveals and quantifies the significant secular changes in the dietary history of Bangladesh from 1961 to 2013. Bangladesh has experienced inadequate but significant structural changes in the diet in the late-1970s, early-1990s, and early-2000s. Overabundance of cereals and inadequate structural changes in the diet may have caused the increasing prevalence of overweightness and emergence of diet-related, non-communicable diseases in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Inpatient Outcomes and Rates of Venous Thromboembolism and Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Results from Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database 2007-2016

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 2162-2162
Author(s):  
Kamelah Abushalha ◽  
Sawsan Abulaimoun ◽  
Ryan Walters ◽  
Sara Albagoush ◽  
Hussain I Rangoonwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Hospital Cost ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Increasing Trends

Background: Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are at an increased risk for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE)- mainly portal venous thrombosis (PVT). Malignancy and liver cirrhosis ( 80%-90% of HCC cases are related to cirrhosis) are conditions that can perturb the hemostatic balance towards a prothrombotic state. Also, these patients with HCC are at high risk for gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), making thromboprophylaxis and anticoagulation a treatment challenge. Additional information regarding the outcomes and severity of both VTE and GIB in patients with HCC would be useful to guide clinical decision-making Aim: To determine the rates, inpatient mortality, length of stay (LOS) and hospital cost of VTE and GIB-related admissions in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Method: We used ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM codes to identify hospitalizations from 2007 to 2016 that included HCC with primary discharge diagnoses of GIB or VTE. Linear trends in the rate of GIB and VTE, as well as in-hospital mortality, LOS, and inflation-adjusted hospital cost (in 2016 US dollars), were evaluated using Daniel's test; piecewise slopes were used as needed. All analyses accounted for the NIS sampling design with updated hospital trend weights used as appropriate. SAS v. 9.4 was used for all analyses. Results: Between 2007 and 2016, we identified 6,527,871 hospitalizations with HCC and a primary discharge diagnosis of GIB (3,517,059; 53.9%) or VTE (3,010,812; 46.1%). From 2007 to 2010, a decreasing trend was observed in the rate of GIB diagnoses (55.5% to 51.6%, ptrend < .001), whereas an increasing trend was observed for VTE diagnoses (44.5% to 48.4%, ptrend < .001). By contrast, from 2010 to 2016, an increasing trend was observed in GIB (51.6% to 55.2%, ptrend < .001), whereas a decreasing trend was observed in VTE (48.4% to 44.8%, ptrend < .001). For in-hospital mortality, a decreasing trend was observed for GIB (2.3% to 1.9%, ptrend < .001), whereas a decreasing trend was observed in VTE until 2012 (1.8% to 1.5%, ptrend < .001), after which no trend was indicated (1.5% to 1.6%, ptrend = .337). Although decreasing trends in LOS were observed for GIB (3.4 days to 3.2 days, ptrend < .001) and VTE (4.3 days to 3.3 days, ptrend < .001), increasing trends were observed for inflation-adjusted hospital cost for both GIB ($6,996 to $7,707, ptrend < .001) and VTE ($7,283 to $7,584, ptrend = .048). Conclusion: In this NIS cohort of hospitalized patients with HCC, GIB was more frequently observed than VTE. Trends observed in the rates of GIB and VTE went in opposite directions. In general decreasing trends were observed in in-hospital mortality and LOS for both VTE and GIB. By contrast, increasing trends were observed in the hospital cost for both diagnoses. Clinicians should balance benefits against risks when deciding VTE prophylaxis and treatment in patients with HCC. Future studies are needed to determine the ideal agent and specific dosages to treat HCC-associated VTE. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Increased incidence of multiple sclerosis in the Veneto region, Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Puthenparampil ◽  
D Seppi ◽  
F Rinaldi ◽  
L Federle ◽  
M Calabrese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Diagnosis Delay ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Actual Prevalence

Background: To what extent the progressive increase in the incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) observed in the province of Padova over the period 1970–1999 was an expression of a real increased risk of developing MS remained unclear. Objective: The objective of this paper is to update the epidemiological figures of MS and probe whether the risk of having MS has increased in the province of Padova during the decade 2000–2009. Methods: All patients born in Italy and having a diagnosis of MS or possible MS identified through analysis of all available sources of information were included in the study. The incidence and prevalence rates between 2000 and 2009 were obtained and compared with our previously published data. Results: On 31 December 2009, the overall prevalence was 139.5/100,000, 192.0±9.5 for females and 83.9±6.3 for males. During the decade 2000–2009, the overall incidence rate of MS was 5.5±0.5, 7.4±0.8 for females and 3.5±0.6 for males. The onset-diagnosis delay, the female/male ratio and the mean age at onset did not significantly change compared to the prior period of observation. Conclusion: Our findings support the hypothesis of a real increased risk of developing MS in the province of Padova. Moreover, the actual prevalence of 1.4/1000 makes our region a high-risk geographical area for MS. The role played by exogenous factors in determining susceptibility to MS needs to be thoroughly investigated.

Increases of suicide rates in Kansas: results from 2009-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason D. Lloyd ◽  
David W. Oakley
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Sex Characteristics ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽  
The Difference

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the increase in suicide rates for Kansas residents, as well as quantify the difference in suicide rates between men and women across the State of Kansas. Design/methodology/approach To evaluate increases in suicide rates, a joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to calculate the annual percentage change in suicide rates. To evaluate differences between sex characteristics, a one-way analysis of variance was conducted. Findings Results of a joinpoint regression analysis found that the annual percentage change in the suicide rates of Kansas did increase significantly between 2009 and 2018. Furthermore, the rate of suicide increase among women was greater than the suicide rate increases of men. Originality/value The value of this study provides context to the suicide literature that could allow for better local and statewide policy decisions.

scholarly journals Trends in the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in a brazilian city

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Rodrigues Moura ◽  
Adriane Dórea Marques ◽  
Mylena Santos Dantas ◽  
Érika de Abreu Costa Brito ◽  
Mariana do Rosário Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
The City

Abstract Objectives This study was conducted to analyze the trends in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality in the city of Aracaju, Sergipe State, Brazil, between 1996 and 2015 with Joinpoint Regression Program 4.7.0.0 and to identify the geographical distribution of CRC in the municipality. Results A total of 1322 cases of CRC and 467 CRC-related deaths during the study period were included. In total, 40% of the incident cases and 43% of the deaths occurred in men, while 60% of the incident cases and 57% of the deaths occurred in women. Males who were 20 to 44 years old had the most significant trend in growth. Among women, those in the group aged 45 to 64 years had the highest observed annual percent change (APC). In both sexes, mortality was stable. Regarding the geographic distribution, there were constant hotspots in the northeast region of the municipality. This study showed a significant increase in incidence, mainly in young men between 20 and 44 years of age, but stable mortality in Aracaju.

Equity dimensions of the decline in under‐five mortality in Ghana: a joinpoint regression analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 732-739
Author(s):  
Jacob Albin Korem Alhassan ◽  
Daniel A. Adeyinka ◽  
Babayemi O. Olakunde
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document