Higher Levels of Triglyceride, Fatty Acid Translocase, and Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Lower Level of HDL-C in Pregnant Women with GDM and Their Close Correlation with Neonatal Weight

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jianli Zhou ◽  
Jie Bai ◽  
Yanjuan Guo ◽  
Lijun Fu ◽  
Jun Xing
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> In this study, we aimed to compare the levels of maternal blood lipids, placental and venous blood lipid transporters, and inflammatory factor receptors in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We also aimed to figure out the relationship between these values and neonatal weight. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Fifty pregnant women with GDM under blood glucose control belong to the case group, and 50 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance in concurrent delivery belong to the control group. Fasting venous blood of these pregnant women was taken 2 weeks before delivery, and umbilical cord blood was collected after delivery. The levels of triglyceride (TG), serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in maternal blood and umbilical cord blood were tested in the laboratory department of our hospital. The level of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in serum of umbilical veins was detected by the double-antibody sandwich ELISA. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of TLR4, LPL, and FAT/CD36 in the placenta. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The level of TG in maternal blood in the case group was remarkably higher than that in the control group, which was opposite to the level of HDL-C. In the umbilical cord blood of women with GDM, the expression of TLR4 increased and was closely correlated with neonatal weight. In the placenta of women with GDM, the expressions of FAT/CD36 and TLR4 increased, and both of them were closely correlated with neonatal weight. Besides, TLR4 in umbilical cord blood increased and was closely correlated with neonatal weight. Although the expression of LPL in the placenta decreased, it had no obvious correlation with neonatal weight. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> TG in maternal blood, TLR4 in the placenta and umbilical cord blood, and FAT/CD36 in the placenta were positively correlated with neonatal weight. However, HDL-C in maternal blood was negatively correlated with neonatal weight. Although the expression of LPL in the placenta reduced due to GDM, it had no correlation with neonatal weight.

scholarly journals The content of gas transmitters in umbilical cord blood and blood of newborns born to mothers with preeclampsia

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
I. G. Popova ◽  
O. G. Sitnikova ◽  
S. B. Nazarov ◽  
G. N. Kuzmenko ◽  
M. M. Klychevа ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control

To assess endothelial function in the newborns born to mothers with preeclampsia and without preeclampsia the scientists assessed the content of nitricoxide and hydrogen sulfide in the umbilical and venous blood of these children. The main group consisted of 80 women with moderate preeclampsia and their80 newborns; the control group included 50 children born to women without preeclampsia. The authors studied the content of nitric oxide by determining the totalnitrates and nitrites (NOx), hydrogen sulfide in mixed cord blood collected within 30 minutes after delivery, and venous blood taken from newborns on the 1-3rd day of life. Umbilical cord blood demonstrated no significant differences in the content of NO xand hydrogen sulfide in newborns of the main and control groups. However, in general, the study of umbilical cord blood revealed a relationship between the concentration of hydrogen sulfide and the possibility of developing intraventricular hemorrhagein a newborn of the main and control groups. In the venous blood there was a significant increase in the content of NOx and hydrogen sulfide in newborns born to mothers with preeclampsia. It may cause vasodilation asa compensatory reaction of the body during the period of postnatal adaptation of the child’s body, aimed at life support.

scholarly journals Human Serum PCSK9 Is Elevated at Parturition in Comparison to Nonpregnant Subjects While Serum PCSK9 from Umbilical Cord Blood is Lower Compared to Maternal Blood

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Peticca ◽  
Angela Raymond ◽  
Andrée Gruslin ◽  
Marion Cousins ◽  
Ejibunmi Adetola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background. Serum lipids including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are increased in pregnancy. Serum proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) is a significant player in lipoprotein metabolism. Circulating PCSK9 downregulates the LDL receptor on the surface of the liver, inhibiting clearance of LDL-C. Therefore, our study assessed serum PCSK9 concentrations at parturition (Maternal) compared to a nonpregnant (Control) cohort, as well as between mother and newborn (Maternal and Newborn). Methods. Blood was collected from women at parturition and from umbilical cords. Serum lipids and PCSK9 were measured and data were analysed for significance by Mann-Whitney U test at P<0.05 and presented as median levels. Spearman's correlations were made at a 95% confidence interval. Results. Serum PCSK9 was significantly higher in Maternal versus Control cohorts (493.1 versus 289.7 ng/mL; P<0.001, resp.), while the Newborn cohort was significantly lower than Maternal (278.2 versus 493.1 ng/mL; P<0.0001, resp.). PCSK9 was significantly correlated with TC and HDL-C in Maternal and with TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C in Newborn cohorts. Conclusions. Our study provides the first quantitative report on PCSK9 in pregnancy (at parturition) and in umbilical cord blood. Further research will determine how these changes may affect lipoprotein levels during this physiological state.

Exercise intervention during pregnancy induces promoter methylation alterations in cord blood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yan ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Yumei Wei ◽  
Huixia Yang
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Control Group

Abstract Background: Environmental events and nutritional conditions may induce permanent DNA methylation changes in utero during the sensitive period and these adaptive changes may be ‘memorized’ and have a lasting impact on adult disease later in life. The potential plasticity of DNA methylation also enables reprogramming, depending on exposure to nutritional, chemical, and environmental factors. We determined the effects of exercise training during pregnancy on epigenetic modifications in offspring.Results: Twenty-four subjects were chosen from a previous clinical study. Overweight/obese pregnant women (body mass index <28/≥28kg/m2) who had an uncomplicated pregnancy at <12+6 weeks of gestation were randomly allocated to either an exercise or a control group. Patients allocated to the exercise group performed 3 exercise bouts per week (at least 30 min/session with a rating of perceived exertion between 12-14) via a cycling program that was initiated within 3 days of randomization until 37 weeks of gestation. Patients allocated to the control group continued their usual daily activities. Maternal blood, as well as umbilical cord blood samples, were collected and DNA methylation levels were determined by Illumina MethylationEPIC microarray. Nine CpG sites and corresponding genes UMAD1, RPA3, PLAGL2, POFUT1, SPATA17, GPATCH2, CEP170, MPHOSPH10, MCEE, as well as MRGPRD showed differential trends in control and exercise groups in maternal blood. Furthermore, four specific genes in umbilical cord blood were differentially methylated in the exercise group compared to the sedentary controls (p < 0.01). Conclusions: DNA methylation in maternal blood is dynamically altered during pregnancy and remodeled by exercise training. Thus, intrauterine environmental exposures play an important role in fetal programming. Epigenetic mechanisms involving changes in DNA methylation may provide an explanation for the phenomenon. Our findings shed light on understanding of long-term effects of in utero exposures on the epigenetic landscape of the offspring.

Iron metabolism disorder and oxidative damage levels in placenta are involved in preeclampsia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianying Yan ◽  
Jie Dong ◽  
Xiaoqian Lin ◽  
Lichun Chen ◽  
Zhuanji Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cord Blood Sample ◽  
Stress Injury

IntroductionTo explore the role of ferritin in placenta, serum and umbilical cord blood of pregnant women and the changes of oxidative stress injury as well as cell apoptosis in placenta in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE).Material and methodsSixty pregnant women with severe PE were assigned into early-onset and late-onset PE group. Another 60 cases of normal late pregnant women with similar gestational weeks were divided into early-onset and late-onset control group. Maternal serum and fetal umbilical cord blood ferritin content was determined by automatic biochemical immunoassay system; mRNA expression levels of ferritin and ferritin heavy chain (FTH) were detected by reverse transcription real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Western Blot was used to detect the relative expression level of ferritin and apoptosis; the contents of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were detected by colorimetry.ResultsSerum uric acid (UA) and creatinine (Cr) levels of PE groups were significantly higher when compared to the controls. The serum ferritin levels in blood sample and umbilical cord blood sample were significantly higher relative to the controls. However, the mRNA and protein levels of ferritin levels in placenta samples were significantly lower compared with the controls. The placental cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2 levels were significantly lower than the early onset PE group. The levels of GSH-Px and MDA in placenta were significantly higher.ConclusionsThese results may assist understanding the pathogenesis of PE and provide potential biomarkers for diagnosis of PE.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CORRELATION BETWEEN MIRNAS-21-3P AND -210-3P EXPRESSION IN MATERNAL AND UMBILICAL CORD PLASMA AND FETAL WEIGHT AT BIRTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
Oksana D. Shchurevska ◽  
Svitlana I. Zhuk
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Fetal Plasma

The aim: To determine the degree of correlation of mass of the fetus and the level of mir-21, mir210 in maternal blood and umbilical cord blood of the fetus in uncomplicated gestation. Materials and methods: 60 pregnant women with a single baby pregnancy in the third trimester (37-40 weeks) were examined. They all were given a general clinical, obstetric and the level of miRNA21-3р and miRNA210-3р were determined in the whole blood of pregnant women (before labor) and in fetal blood obtained from the umbilical artery at birth. The level of miRNAs was determined by the TaqMan method. Results: After examining maternal and fetal plasma samples, we were able to determine 49 samples of hsa-miR210-3p and hsa-miR21-3p from maternal plasma, 44 samples of hsa-miR210-3p and 37 samples of hsa-miR21-3p from the cord blood, which is a satisfactory result of more than 50%. Subsequently, between the results obtained and the birth weight of the fetus Pearson’s correlation coefficient was studied. According to the results obtained, we found no correlation between fetal mass and hsa-miR210-3p level in maternal plasma (r-0,068674), low positive correlation of fetal mass with hsa-miR21-3p level in maternal plasma (r-0,212181 ), an average positive correlation with the level of hsa-miR21-3p in umbilical cord blood (r- 0.363374) and a high positive correlation with hsa-miR210-3p in umbilical cord blood (r-0.528616). Conclusions: Determination of the level of hypoxic miRNAs, in particular hsa-miR210-3p in the umbilical cord blood of the newborn may be a marker of the functional status of the placenta, which programs the normal development of the fetus.

scholarly journals Comparative Long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Levels in Blood, Placenta and Cord Blood of Pregnant Women with or without Pre-eclampsia

BioMedica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-389
Author(s):  
Zhang Weili
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Umbilical Blood ◽  
Long Chain

Background and Objective: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) play an important role in the regulation of fat metabolism in the placenta and fetus. Changes in placental function in pre-eclampsia affect the transport of fatty acids and affect fetal nutrition. The aim of the study was to compare LCPUFA levels in blood, placenta and cord blood of pregnant women with or without pre-eclampsia. Methods: The blood, placenta and umbilical cord blood of pregnant women (n = 30 each) who were normotensive and with pre-eclampsia were collected. The levels of fatty acids in maternal blood, placenta and umbilical cord blood were determined by the quartz capillary gas chromatography technique. Results: The average age of normal pregnant women was 27.0±4.5 years and that of pre-eclampsia pregnant women was 30±4.0 years (P > 0.05). The levels of total fatty acids, arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were higher in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia than in normal women. The level of linoleic acid in cord blood and placenta was significantly higher in pre-eclampsia group than in the normal pregnant women while linoleic acid content in maternal blood being lower in pre-eclampsia group compared to the normal maternal group. Conclusion: The changes of LCPUFA in blood, placenta and umbilical blood of pre-eclampsia may be related to the changes of LCPUFA in placenta. These changes may be involved in the pathophysiological process of pre-eclampsia. Maternal supplement of LCPUFA, such as DHA, in early gestation may be helpful in improving morbidity associated with maternal eclampsia.

Erythrocyte metabolism of umbilical cord blood and venous blood during delivery

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Lewandowski ◽  
Wirgiliusz Duda ◽  
Zdzisława Fabjanowska ◽  
Wanda Leyko
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Erythrocyte Metabolism

scholarly journals Treatment of Pregnant Women with a Betamimetic and Verapamil Increases the Micronuclei Frequency in Umbilical Cord Blood Lymphocytes

2008 ◽  
Vol 215 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darko Grujicic ◽  
Olivera Miloševic-Djordjevic ◽  
Slobodan Arsenijevic ◽  
Dragoslav Marinkovic
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Cord Blood Lymphocytes
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