scholarly journals Investigation of the Causal Association between Long-Chain n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Synthesis and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
Michael A. Zulyniak ◽  
Harriett Fuller ◽  
Mark M. Iles
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Causal Association ◽  
Randomization Analysis ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Intakes of Fish and Long-chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplements During Pregnancy and Subsequent Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in a Large Prospective Cohort Study of Norwegian Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannike Øyen ◽  
Anne Lise Brantsæter ◽  
Ole Jakob Nøstbakken ◽  
Kåre I. Birkeland ◽  
Margareta Haugen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Fatty Fish ◽  
Lean Fish ◽  
Total Fish ◽  
Long Chain

<b></b>OBJECTIVE <br>To investigate associations between intakes of total fish, lean fish, fatty fish, and long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCn-3PUFA) supplements and risk of type 2 diabetes in women after pregnancy. Furthermore, to compare the estimated intakes of methylmercury (MeHg) and sum of dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) to tolerable weekly intakes (TWI). <br>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS <br>Women free of diabetes at baseline (n=60,831) who participated in the population-based Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort study (MoBa) were prospectively evaluated for incident type 2 diabetes identified through medication usage more than 90 days after delivery ascertained by the Norwegian Prescription Database. Dietary intake data was obtained by a validated 255-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) which assessed habitual diet during the first four to five months of pregnancy. MeHg and sum of dioxins and dl-PCBs intakes were derived using a contaminant database and the FFQ. <br>RESULTS <br>Median (IQR) age was 31 (27, 34) years at time of delivery and follow-up time was 7.5 (6.5, 8.5) years. Type 2 diabetes occurred in 683 (1.1%) participants. Multivariable Cox regression analyses identified lower risk of type 2 diabetes with increasing energy-adjusted lean fish intake per 25 g/1000 kcal (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.53-0.95, p=0.022). However, in stratified analyses, a lower risk was found only in women with pre-pregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m2. There were no associations between intake of total fish, fatty fish, or LCn-3PUFA supplements and type 2 diabetes. MeHg intake was low, but the sum of dioxins and dl-PCBs (pg TEQ/kg bw/wk) exceeded the TWI set by the European Food and Safety Authority (EFSA) for the majority of participants. <br>CONCLUSIONS <br>Intake of lean fish, but not fatty fish or LCn-3PUFA supplements, was associated with lower risk of pharmacologically treated type 2 diabetes in Norwegian women who were overweight or obese. Fatty fish, which contain dioxins and dl-PCBs, did not increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, but the exceedance of the EFSA TWI for dioxins and dl-PCBs is a health concern. <br>

scholarly journals Optimizing long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis in salmonids by balancing dietary inputs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e0205347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie M. Colombo ◽  
Christopher C. Parrish ◽  
Manju P. A. Wijekoon
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Elongase Reactions as Control Points in Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Synthesis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e29662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa K. Gregory ◽  
Robert A. Gibson ◽  
Rebecca J. Cook-Johnson ◽  
Leslie G. Cleland ◽  
Michael J. James
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Long Chain

Causal Association of Overall Obesity and Abdominal Obesity with Type 2 Diabetes: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Obesity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 934-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Xiaojing Ma ◽  
Shiyun Wang ◽  
Zhen He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Causal Association ◽  
Mendelian Randomization Analysis ◽  
Randomization Analysis

scholarly journals Intakes of Fish and Long-chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplements During Pregnancy and Subsequent Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in a Large Prospective Cohort Study of Norwegian Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannike Øyen ◽  
Anne Lise Brantsæter ◽  
Ole Jakob Nøstbakken ◽  
Kåre I. Birkeland ◽  
Margareta Haugen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Fatty Fish ◽  
Lean Fish ◽  
Total Fish ◽  
Long Chain

<b></b>OBJECTIVE <br>To investigate associations between intakes of total fish, lean fish, fatty fish, and long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCn-3PUFA) supplements and risk of type 2 diabetes in women after pregnancy. Furthermore, to compare the estimated intakes of methylmercury (MeHg) and sum of dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) to tolerable weekly intakes (TWI). <br>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS <br>Women free of diabetes at baseline (n=60,831) who participated in the population-based Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort study (MoBa) were prospectively evaluated for incident type 2 diabetes identified through medication usage more than 90 days after delivery ascertained by the Norwegian Prescription Database. Dietary intake data was obtained by a validated 255-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) which assessed habitual diet during the first four to five months of pregnancy. MeHg and sum of dioxins and dl-PCBs intakes were derived using a contaminant database and the FFQ. <br>RESULTS <br>Median (IQR) age was 31 (27, 34) years at time of delivery and follow-up time was 7.5 (6.5, 8.5) years. Type 2 diabetes occurred in 683 (1.1%) participants. Multivariable Cox regression analyses identified lower risk of type 2 diabetes with increasing energy-adjusted lean fish intake per 25 g/1000 kcal (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.53-0.95, p=0.022). However, in stratified analyses, a lower risk was found only in women with pre-pregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m2. There were no associations between intake of total fish, fatty fish, or LCn-3PUFA supplements and type 2 diabetes. MeHg intake was low, but the sum of dioxins and dl-PCBs (pg TEQ/kg bw/wk) exceeded the TWI set by the European Food and Safety Authority (EFSA) for the majority of participants. <br>CONCLUSIONS <br>Intake of lean fish, but not fatty fish or LCn-3PUFA supplements, was associated with lower risk of pharmacologically treated type 2 diabetes in Norwegian women who were overweight or obese. Fatty fish, which contain dioxins and dl-PCBs, did not increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, but the exceedance of the EFSA TWI for dioxins and dl-PCBs is a health concern. <br>

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