scholarly journals China’s Response to the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Model for Epidemic Preparedness and Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nourah S. AlTakarli
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Public Health Organization ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Direct Results

Background: As we live in an interconnected globalized world, people and the diseases they carry can be easily transmitted to any place in a matter of hours. SARS-CoV-2 began like all new viruses with an ordinary moment when a cluster of patients admitted to a hospital with pneumonia turned out to have a new strain of coronavirus. The virus’s high transmissibility made the epidemic in China turn into a global pandemic with an ongoing daily reporting of new cases and deaths. However, as fast as viruses spread, the detection of pandemics and taking early measures has become much easier due to the advancement of science in today’s world. The early responses and measures adopted by China, such as early reporting and situation monitoring, large-scale surveillance, and preparation of medical facilities and supplies, were all successful in reducing the epidemic in China generally and in the epicenter Wuhan specifically. The purpose of this review is to focus on the effectiveness of the measures taken by the Chinese government to stop COVID-19 spreading by comparing the country’s response to SARS and CO­VID-19 outbreaks, which will provide an example for the communities, health managers, and leaders of countries to follow on how to prepare, detect, and respond to potential outbreaks. Method: For this article, epidemic preparedness and management strategies under comparison were derived from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) frameworks and guidelines. Other data related to COVID-19 and reported cases were taken from more than 25 official public health organization reports and relevant articles using various databases (e.g., Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct). Results: Working on developing resilient systems against infectious diseases should be one of the top priorities of any country. China embraced resilience in its battle against COVID-19 and proved its capability to cope with the outbreak crisis. Despite succeeding in altering the course of the outbreak, healthcare experts warned about possible epidemic recurrence and stressed the need for caution as the pandemic is still ongoing and most of the infected cases are presenting with only mild symptoms.

scholarly journals COVID-19, an Opportunity for Developing Countries?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Smith ◽  
Nicola Veronese ◽  
Vincenzo Racalbuto ◽  
Damiano Pizzol
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Viral Reservoirs ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Health Organization

The COVID-19 outbreak was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as global pandemic in March 2020. Considering the necessity to implement rapid response to control the pandemic and the fragility and the state of need of low income countries, it will be mandatory to develop a global approach in order to reduce the spread of infection and the creation of community viral reservoirs. So far, we could hypothesize a worst case scenario in which when the COVID-19 outbreak hits a peak in Africa and in low-income countries, the majority of such countries will be unprepared, with low resources allocated for affording the viral emergency and the consequences will be catastrophic with no lesson learnt. In the best case scenario, the COVID-19 will not affect Africa or South America on a large scale and, if the prevention measures will be implemented, we could register a lower incidence of hygiene linked diseases that still represent leading causes of death.

Online Public attention and interest in COVID-19 Vaccination in mainland China (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanzun Wei ◽  
Lisha Jiang ◽  
Xiaoyan Meng ◽  
Xi Wen ◽  
Xiangfu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Age Distribution ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Trend Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization

BACKGROUND In December 2019, few cases of pneumonia were reported outbursting in the city Wuhan, Mainland China and soon became a global pandemic. With the vaccination approval in Mainland China, concerns over its safety and efficacy emerged. Since the Chinese Vaccine has been promoted by the Chinese government for months, and just got emergency approval from the World Health Organization. The Chinese vaccination program is yet to be identified from the perspective of local populations. OBJECTIVE To examine the perception, complaints, and inquiries related to the current vaccination program to identify public concerns or hesitancy with the leading search engine in Mainland China. METHODS The COVID-19 Vaccine related keywords were examined and queried on Baidu Index for the period 2019.01–2021.04. The searching popularity of each keyword was recorded to analyze the search trend and demographic distributions. Data of demand graph and trend data used for users' demand analysis. Daily Vaccination data were retrieved from the daily government report since 2021,03. RESULTS Seventeen vaccination keywords were retrieved and with a total BSI value of 13,708,853. The first vaccine enquiry emerged on 25th January 2020, and the searching trend APC is 21.05% (p < .05). With reference to the government announcement, the coefficient of correlation (r) values is 0.38 (p < .05). As to the age distribution, 39.22% of the search were from people aged 20-29 years and dominated the vaccine enquiry. Followed are the 33.00% from aged 30-39 yr, 14.34% from aged 40-49 yr, 9.27% from aged under 19 yr and 3.88% from aged over 50 yr. In the user demand section, the total valid BSI of the vaccine demand terms were 3,843,325,561. Over 54.93% of the demand term search were pandemic relevant, and the summed vaccine demand ratio was 44.79%. CONCLUSIONS The rising search population in COVID-19 Vaccination revealed elevating public interest and focus. Vaccine education programs and materials should be designed for teens and people aged above the 40s. Complaints and symptoms describing inquiries were low, but vaccine-related birth safety should be alerted and further investigated. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

scholarly journals Overview of the Management of COVID-19 Efficacy and Doubts

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
O. A. Ayodeji ◽  
C. N. Stanley ◽  
P. C. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is defined as an illness caused by a novel coronavirus now called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2. It was first identified during an outbreak of respiratory illness cases in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. Management of COVID-19 is still unspecific as there are no vaccine or specific antiviral drugs are available for its treatment. This paper reviews the management efficacy and doubt of COVID-19. Methods: A comprehensive search from relevant literatures, World Health Organization (W.H.O), Centre for Disease Control and prevention (CDC) official websites and announcements was performed between 1 March 2020 to 10:30 am 22 April 2020 (Nigerian time). A latest summary of 2019- nCoV and the current outbreak was drawn. Conclusion: The covid-19 pandemic is spreading rapidly and several researchers are making efforts to discover drugs for its treatment. Chloroquine phosphate, vaccines and other forms of management strategies have been employed. However, preventive measures like social distancing, washing of hands with soap and water, wearing of face masks and psychosocial treatment should be adopted while waiting for pharmacological treatments.

scholarly journals Innovative strategies for managing swine welfare during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iowa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Johnson ◽  
C Rademacher ◽  
J Eggers ◽  
N Gabler ◽  
L Greiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Supply Chain Disruptions ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Alternative Markets ◽  
Industry Center ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a global pandemic on March 11, 2020 by the World Health Organization and its impact on animal agriculture in the United States was undeniable. By April, COVID-19 resulted in the simultaneous closure or reduced operations of many meat processing plants in the upper Midwest, leading to supply chain disruptions. In Iowa, the leading pork production and processing state, these disruptions caused producer uncertainty, confusion, and stress, including time-sensitive challenges for maintaining animal care. The Iowa Resource Coordination Center (IRCC) was quickly created and launched from the Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship (IDALS). The IRCC included public representation from the Iowa Pork Producers Association (IPPA), Iowa Pork Industry Center (IPIC), and Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, and private partners including producers, veterinarians, and technical specialists. Supporting swine welfare, the IRCC provided information on management strategies, dietary alterations to slow pig growth, alternative markets, on-farm euthanasia, and mass depopulation under veterinary oversight. In a crisis, Iowa created a model that reacted to producers’ pragmatic, mental and emotional needs. This model could be quickly replicated with an introduction of a foreign animal disease.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Outbreak and Behavioral Maladjustments: A Shift from a Highly Globalized World to a Strange World of Unique Isolationism

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4(J)) ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
Matthew Abiodun Dada
Keyword(s):  
Winning Strategy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Fiscal Stimulus ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Globalized World

The outbreak popularly called COVID-19 which sneaked into the world system generally believed to have originated from China in the city of Wuhan  towards the last quarter of the  year 2019 in a manner yet to be unfold by the world powers has been judged to be a great threat to human activities and coexistence. The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic between February and March, year 2020 and since then it has been a strange world. This paper examined the socio-economic changes and behavioral maladjustments resulting from this deadly disease. The demand and supply shocks as well as the use of fiscal stimulus from different countries and how some key variables respond are well analyzed and structured. The paper underlying some of the damages done to the socio-economic lives of people across the globe and highlight some recovery strategies and future prospects. It recommends spirituality as a winning strategy against carnality. The conclusion was drawn by emphasizing the supremacy of God in the fact that a microbe of invisible property could hastily change our world of global village to a strange world of isolated cities

Preventing Premature Weaning: Management Options for Common Lactation Conditions, Including OMT

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Denise Sackett ◽  
Tala Dajani ◽  
David Shoup ◽  
Uzoma Ikonne
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Family Physician ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
World Health ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Lactational Mastitis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Health Organization

The benefits of breastfeeding are well established. The World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that mothers breastfeed infants for at least one year, but most children are not breastfed that long because of many factors. Breastfeeding mothers face many challenges to continued breastfeeding, including medical conditions that arise during this period, such as postpartum depression and lactational mastitis. Because of a perceived lack of consistent guidance on medication safety, it can be difficult for the family physician to treat these conditions while encouraging mothers to continue breastfeeding. The purpose of the current review is to summarize and clarify treatment options for the osteopathic family physician treating lactating mothers. We specifically focus on the pharmacological management of contraception, postpartum depression, and lactational mastitis.

The relevance of dietetic approach of Ayurveda from the perspective of COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 748-752
Author(s):  
Swapnali Khabade ◽  
Bharat Rathi ◽  
Renu Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual

A novel, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and spread globally from Wuhan, China. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared the SARS-Cov-2 virus as a COVID- 19, a global pandemic. This pandemic happened to be followed by some restrictions, and specially lockdown playing the leading role for the people to get disassociated with their personal and social schedules. And now the food is the most necessary thing to take care of. It seems the new challenge for the individual is self-isolation to maintain themselves on the health basis and fight against the pandemic situation by boosting their immunity. Food organised by proper diet may maintain the physical and mental health of the individual. Ayurveda aims to promote and preserve the health, strength and the longevity of the healthy person and to cure the disease by properly channelling with and without Ahara. In Ayurveda, diet (Ahara) is considered as one of the critical pillars of life, and Langhana plays an important role too. This article will review the relevance of dietetic approach described in Ayurveda with and without food (Asthavidhi visheshaytana & Lanhgan) during COVID-19 like a pandemic.

Dietary and living regimen of covid-19 with special reference to Ayurveda Varsha and Sharad Ritucharya

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 758-762
Author(s):  
Amit Biswas ◽  
KunalChandankhede
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Individual Disease ◽  
Morbid Conditions

Wuhan originated Covid-19 disease is caused by SARC-COV 2 virus. It is a contagious disease it spread all over the world. World health organization declared a global pandemic disease. In Covid-19 immunity plays an important role. In old age people or having other co-morbid conditions the mortality rate is more. Ayurveda has a big role in improved immunity or to intact immunity. The principle of Ayurveda is to keep individual swastha (diseases free). To maintain individual disease-free Ritucharya is one of the important subjects of Ayurveda. Aimed of study is to find out Ritucharya literature from the Ayurveda and modern research specifically Varsha and Sharad ritu. Ritucharya contains dietary regimen, living modification, common medicine, and contraindicated things those changing according to environmental change. Upcoming season in India is Varsha and Sharad ritu. Environmental changes are huge in this season and it directly affected human beings. So this study reveals property of ritu, dietary regimen, living modification, common medicine and contraindicated things in upcoming varsha and sharad ritu.

Unique nCoV-2019 (COVID 19) spike glycoprotein processing by host protease: Analysis and Implication on infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajoy Basak ◽  
Sarmistha Basak
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Spike Glycoprotein ◽  
Binding Domains ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Glycoprotein Processing ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Host Reservoir

: The current global pandemic outbreak of a novel type of corona virus termed by World Health Organization as COVID-19 became an grave concern and worry to human health and world economy. Intense research efforts are now underway worldwide to combat and prevent the spread of this deadly disease. This zoonotic virus, a native to bat population is most likely transmitted to human via a host reservoir. Due to its close similarity to previously known SARS CoV (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus) of 2002 and related MERS CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus) of 2012, it is also known as SARS CoV2. But unlike them it is far too infectious, virulent and lethal. Among its various proteins, the surface spike glycoprotein “S” has drawn significant attention because of its implication in viral recognition and host-virus fusion process. A detail comparative analysis of “S” proteins of SARS CoV (now called SARS CoV1), SARS CoV2 (COVID-19) and MERS CoV based on structure, sequence alignment, host cleavage sites, receptor binding domains, potential glycosylation and Cys-disulphide bridge locations has been performed. It revealed some key features and variations that may elucidate the high infection and virulence character of COVID-19. Moreover this crucial information may become useful in our quest for COVID-19 therapeutics and vaccines.

scholarly journals Neurological Complications of COVID-19: Underlying Mechanisms and Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4081
Author(s):  
Ghaydaa A. Shehata ◽  
Kevin C. Lord ◽  
Michaela C. Grudzinski ◽  
Mohamed Elsayed ◽  
Ramy Abdelnaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Junctions ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Neurological Sequelae ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Demyelinating Disorders ◽  
Taste And Smell

COVID-19 is a severe respiratory disease caused by the newly identified human coronavirus (HCoV) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was discovered in December 2019, and in March 2020, the disease was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) due to a high number of cases. Although SARS-CoV-2 primarily affects the respiratory system, several studies have reported neurological complications in COVID-19 patients. Headache, dizziness, loss of taste and smell, encephalitis, encephalopathy, and cerebrovascular diseases are the most common neurological complications that are associated with COVID-19. In addition, seizures, neuromuscular junctions’ disorders, and Guillain–Barré syndrome were reported as complications of COVID-19, as well as neurodegenerative and demyelinating disorders. However, the management of these conditions remains a challenge. In this review, we discuss the prevalence, pathogenesis, and mechanisms of these neurological sequelae that are secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aim to update neurologists and healthcare workers on the possible neurological complications associated with COVID-19 and the management of these disease conditions.

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