HPV Genotype Prevalence and Success of Vaccination to Prevent Cervical Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 420-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Ramos Moreira Leite ◽  
Ruan Pimenta ◽  
Juliana Canavez ◽  
Flavio Canavez ◽  
Fernando R. de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health System ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Automated Dna Extraction

Background: Nearly 500,000 new cases of cervical cancer are estimated annually worldwide. Three vaccines are currently licensed to prevent cervical cancer. The success of vaccination depends mainly on the prevalence of HPV genotypes, and many cases of HPV infection have been diagnosed after vaccination. Our aim was to search for HPV genotyping in cervical samples to verify the proportion of women that remain susceptible to infection even after vaccination. Methods: 21,017 liquid-based cervical (LBC) specimens were received for cytology and HPV detection from 2015 to 2018. Before slide preparations for cytology, a 1,000-μL aliquot was taken from the LBC fixative and subjected to automated DNA extraction and multiplex PCR followed by capillary electrophoresis to detect and classify HPV. Results: HPV was detected in 895 (4.3%) specimens. The most prevalent genotype was HPV-16, followed by HPV-58 and HPV-66. A total of 258 (28.8%) cases were positive for high-risk (HR)-HPV types (66, 59, 39, 56, 30, 35, 53, 51, 68, 82, and 70) that are not covered by the HPV vaccines. Conclusion: A significant proportion of HPV types detected in cytological specimens are representative of HR-HPV not covered by the available vaccines. The health system should be aware of the considerable percentage of women who are not being immunized and will continue to need cervical cancer screening.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the SureX HPV Genotyping Test for the Detection of High-Risk HPV in Cervical Cancer Screening

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baojun Wei ◽  
Ping Mei ◽  
Shengkai Huang ◽  
Xueting Yu ◽  
Tong Zhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade ◽  
Agreement Rate ◽  
Hpv Genotyping ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background: The SureX HPV genotyping test (SureX HPV test), which targets the human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 genes was compared with the Cobas 4800 and Venus HPV tests for detecting 14 high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types in clinical referral and follow-up patients to evaluate its value for cervical cancer screening.Methods: Two different populations were enrolled in the study. The first population comprised 185 cases and was used for comparing the SureX HPV test (Health, China) with the Cobas 4800 test (Roche, USA). The second population comprised 290 cases and was used for comparing the SureX HPV test (Health, China) with the Venus HPV test (Zhijiang, China). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing was performed for further confirmation of discordant results.Results: In the first population, the overall agreement rate was 95.3% for 14 High-Risk HPV types. Eight discordant cases were confirmed by PCR sequencing, which showed that the agreement rates were 75.0% between the SureX HPV test and PCR sequencing and 25.0% between the Cobas 4800 test and PCR sequencing (P<0.01). In the second population, the overall agreement rate was 94.5%. Thirteen discordant cases were confirmed by PCR sequencing, which showed that the agreement rates were 76.9% between the SureX HPV test and PCR sequencing and 23.1% between the Venus HPV test and PCR sequencing (P<0.01). With cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+ (CIN2+) as the reference standard, the sensitivity values of the SureX HPV test and the Venus HPV test were 93.5% and 92.0%, (P>0.05), while the specificity values were 43.3% and 46.7%, respectively (P>0.05).Conclusion: The SureX HPV test had good consistency with both the Cobas 4800 and Venus HPV tests for 14 HR-HPV types. In addition, it avoided some false negatives and false positives. Therefore, the SureX HPV test can be used for cervical cancer screening.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of High Carcinogenic Risk of HPV Genotypes among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative MSM from Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ilia Beliakov ◽  
Maria Senina ◽  
Yuriy Tyulenev ◽  
Elena Novoselova ◽  
Viktor Surovtsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Negative

Objective. Men who have sex with men (MSM) have a high risk of lifelong anal cancer caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anal canal HR HPV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) with and without HIV infection in Moscow (Russia). We evaluated associations of some HIV coinfections (HSV and CMV) and HPV distribution among MSM with and without HIV infection. Methods. Two groups of HIV-positive (n = 60) and HIV-negative (n = 60) MSM were evaluated in the study. Fourteen high-risk (HR) HPV types, HSV1/2, and CMV were investigated in men anal swabs. Results. HR HPVs were found with nearly the same frequency of 66.7% in both groups: HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM. HIV-positive status was statistically associated with the presence of several (more than two) HPV types ( p = 0.044 ). The most prevalent HR HPV genotypes were HPV18, HPV16, HPV56, and HPV33 for HIV-positive MSM and HPV56, HPV51, HPV66, and HPV16 for HIV-negatives. We found a statistically significant association of five HR HPV types with HIV status of MSM: HPV16 ( p = 0.028 ), HPV18 ( p = 0.00006 ), HPV58 ( p = 0.003 ), HPV33 ( p = 0.019 ), and HPV39 ( p = 0.026 ). The frequency of HSV1 (1.7%) and HSV2 (10%) infections and CMV (3.3%) infection was evaluated in the group of HIV-positive MSM. The frequency of HSV1 (5%) and HSV2 (6.7%) infections and CMV (0%) infection was evaluated, as well, in the group of HIV-negative MSM. Conclusion. Multiple HPV genotypes were detected significantly more often than single HPV genotype in the group of HIV-positive MSM. According to our data, 25% of HIV-positive MSM have HPV39; this is the only one of the five types of HR HPV (16, 18, 58, 33, and 39) associated with this group of MSM that has not yet been included in the HPV vaccines available on the market.

scholarly journals Clinical comparison of two human papillomavirus detection assays: GenoFlow and reverse line blot

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Fatimah S Alhamlan ◽  
Hadeel H Khayat ◽  
Dalia A Obeid ◽  
Asma M Tulba ◽  
Teejan S Baduwais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Reverse Line Blot ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Hpv Types

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is typically critical in the oncogenesis of cervical cancer. However, available HPV detection kits differ in their ability and sensitivity to detect various types of HPV, and this variability has led to inconsistencies in the reporting of the geographic prevalence of HPV types, especially in developing countries. Here, we compared results of the recently developed GenoFlow HPV array test, which detects 33 HPV genotypes, to those of the well-established reverse line blot (RLB) assay, which detects 23 HPV types. Methodology: In total, 608 cervical specimens with cytology results ranging from normal to cancer were collected using an endocervical brush from women attending outpatient clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results: Sixty-nine specimens (11%) were positive for HPV. HPV genotype detection using the GenoFlow test had a sensitivity of 62% and a specificity of 100%. Overall agreement between the two HPV genotyping methods was 97%, with a concordance rate of 95%. Among the GenoFlow test results, 2% indicated additional HPV types that were not detected in the RLB assay, whereas the GenoFlow test missed 0.3% of the HPV types that were detected by the RLB; however, both tests were in agreement in detecting all major HPV types. Conclusion: The GenoFlow test was reliable, with results comparable to the RLB test. However, because the GenoFlow test is less labor-intensive and takes less total time (3 hours), it is a promising, affordable alternative to the RLB for HPV diagnosis and screening programs.

scholarly journals Current studies on human papillomavirus in Saudi Arabia

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (06) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimah Saeed Alhamlan ◽  
Ahmed A Al-Qahtani ◽  
Mohammed N Al-Ahdal
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Low Prevalence

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a significant etiological factor and an important prognosticator in cervical cancer. Indeed, researchers worldwide have confirmed these roles for high-risk HVPs in over 70% of cervical cancer cases. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 561,200 new cancer cases (5.2% of all new cancers) are attributed to HPV infection. Over 120 types of HPV are classified further as either low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) or high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) based on their oncological potential of transforming cells. The LR-HPV types cause benign hyperproliferative lesions (i.e. genital warts) while the HR-HPV types are strongly associated with premalignant and malignant cervical lesions. Data on the prevalence of HPV, survival of infected patients, and mortality rate are scarce in Saudi Arabia. The unsubstantiated assumption of a low prevalence of HPV in Saudi Arabia has contributed to limiting HPV research in this conservative country. Therefore, the goal of this review is to shed light on the current HPV research being conducted and the prevalence of HPV in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals HPV Genotypes and Epidemiology in Women With Cervical Cancer in Senegal

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
kHADIDIATOU NIANE ◽  
Cheikh Tidiane DIAGNE ◽  
Gora DIOP ◽  
Ndongo DIA ◽  
Cheikh TALLA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract BackgroundIn sub-Saharan Africa, cervical cancer is increasing steadily, with more than 75,000 new cases and nearly 50,000 deaths a year (Mboumba et al., 2017). In Senegal, pathologies such as cervical cancer are at the top of the causes of death and Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the aetilogical agent (Steenbergen et al., 2005). MethodsThe aim of the study is to analyze the distribution of HPV among Senegalese women with cervical cancer. Main objectives of this study are to identify the HPV types associated or “co-associated” with cervical oncogenesis in Senegal. The correlations with risk factors of cervix carcinogenesis, with risk factors, were analyze too. Cervical biopsies were performed on women hospitalized at Aristide Hospital Le Dantec-Julio Curie Institute. Three methods has been used to detect HPV genotypes - SANGERsequencing genotyping (Applied BioSystems), PCR real-time approach technique (HPV 16 & 18 RealTime PCR kit) (www.bioneer.co.kr) and the genotyping approach from Chippron (HPV kit 3.5 LCDArray) ([email protected]). Results It this study, patients had multiple infections (co-infections) at all, and the majority of coinfections was High-risk types (HR-HPV types). The most common type of HPV in our study were 16 (34.37%), 18 (23.29%), 45 (10.75%), 33 (9.94%), 59 (9.09%), (3.97%) and 31 (3.69%). Among co-infections detected in different regions of Senegal among women with cervical cancer, we found that HPV types 16 and 18 had the highest prevalence. In the Dakar region, which had the highest number of cases, a prevalence of 17.89% of HR-HPV co-infections was noted. ConclusionPolygamy represents a cofactor in the occurrence of cervical cancer in Senegalese women. No association between HPV-High Risk co-infections and cancer stages.

scholarly journals HPV Genotypes and Epidemiology in Women With Cervical Cancer in Senegal.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
KHADIDIATOU NIANE ◽  
Cheikh Tidiane DIAGNE ◽  
Gora DIOP ◽  
Ndongo DIA ◽  
Cheikh TALLA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background Cases of cervical cancer are increasing steadily in sub-Saharan Africa, with over 75,000 new cases and nearly 50,000 deaths a year (Mboumba et al., 2017). In Senegal, pathologies such as cervical cancer are one of the top causes of death and the Human papillomavirus (HPV) is its aetiological agent (Steenbergen et al., 2005). Methods The aim of the study is to analyse the distribution of HPV among Senegalese women with cervical cancer. The main objective of this study is to identify the HPV types associated or “co-associated” with cervical oncogenesis in Senegal. The correlations with the risk factors of cervin carcinogenesis were analysed as well. Cervical biopsies were performed on the women admitted to Aristide Hospital Le Dantec-Julio Curie Institute. Three methods were used to detect HPV genotypes: SANGER sequencing genotyping (Applied BioSystems), PCR real-time approach technique (HPV 16 & 18 RealTime PCR kit) (www.bioneer.co.kr) and the genotyping approach from Chippron (HPV kit 3.5 LCDArray) ([email protected]). Results In this study, the sample had multiple infections (co-infections), and a majority of the coinfections were high-risk types (HR-HPV types). The most common type of HPV in our study were 16 (34.37%), 18 (23.29%), 45 (10.75%), 33 (9.94%), 59 (9.09%), (3.97%) and 31 (3.69%). Among the co-infections detected in different regions of Senegal in women with cervical cancer, we found that HPV types 16 and 18 had the highest prevalence. In the Dakar region, which had the highest number of cases, a prevalence of 17.89% of HR-HPV co-infections was found. Conclusion Polygamy could represent a cofactor in the occurrence of cervical cancer in Senegalese women. No association was found between high-risk HPV co-infections and cancer stages. However, an increase of our cohort would be necessary to affirm these hypotheses.

Concurrent Infection With Multiple Human Papillomavirus Types Among Unvaccinated and Vaccinated 17-Year-Old Norwegian Girls

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Laake ◽  
Berit Feiring ◽  
Christine Monceyron Jonassen ◽  
John H-O Pettersson ◽  
Torstein Gjølgali Frengen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Concurrent Infection ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Hpv Types

Abstract Background Whether type-specific human papillomavirus (HPV) infection influences the risk of acquiring infections with other HPV types is unclear. We studied concurrent HPV infections in 17-year-old girls from 2 birth cohorts; the first vaccine-eligible cohort in Norway and a prevaccination cohort. Methods Urine samples were collected and tested for 37 HPV genotypes. This study was restricted to unvaccinated girls from the prevaccination cohort (n = 5245) and vaccinated girls from the vaccine-eligible cohort (n = 4904). Risk of HPV infection was modelled using mixed-effect logistic regression. Expected frequencies of concurrent infection with each pairwise combination of the vaccine types and high-risk types (6/11/16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59) were compared to observed frequencies. Results Infection with multiple HPV types was more common among unvaccinated girls than vaccinated girls (9.2% vs 3.7%). HPV33 and HPV51 was the only HPV pair that was detected together more often than expected among both unvaccinated (P = .002) and vaccinated girls (P &lt; .001). No HPV pairs were observed significantly less often than expected. Conclusions HPV33 and HPV51 tended to be involved in coinfection among both unvaccinated and vaccinated girls. The introduction of HPV vaccination does not seem to have had an effect on the tendency of specific HPV types to cluster together.

scholarly journals Comparison of detection rate of high risk HPV infection between self-collected HPV testing and clinician-collected HPV testing in cervical cancer screening

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pattiya Nutthachote ◽  
Shina Oranratanaphan ◽  
Wichai Termrungruanglert ◽  
Surang Triratanachat ◽  
Arkom Chaiwongkot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
High Risk Hpv

HIV-associated high-risk HPV infection in Nigerian women.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1576-1576
Author(s):  
Sally Nneoma Akarolo-Anthony ◽  
Celestine C. Ogbonna ◽  
Oluranti Ayotunde Famooto ◽  
Eileen O. Dareng ◽  
Maryam Al-Mujtaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Hiv Women ◽  
High Risk Hpv

1576 Background: The incidence of cervical cancer has remained stable in HIV+ women but the prevalence and multiplicity of high risk HPV (hrHPV) infection, a necessary cause of cervical cancer, appears different comparing HIV+ to HIV- women. Because this has not been well studied in Africa, we conducted this study to identify single and multiple hrHPV infection among HIV+ and HIV- women in Nigeria. Methods: We enrolled HIV+ and HIV- women presenting at our cervical cancer screening program in Abuja, Nigeria between April 2012 and August 2012. Using a nurse administered questionnaire, we collected information on demographic characteristics, risk factors of HPV infection and cervical exfoliated cells samples from all participants. We used Roche Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test to characterize the prevalent HPV according to manufacturer’s instruction and logistic regression models to estimate the association between HIV infection and the risk of high-risk HPV infection. Results: There were 278 participants, 40% (111) of whom were HIV negative, 54% (151) HIV positive and 6% (16) with HIV status unknown. Of these, 108 HIV+ women cases and 149 HIV- women controls were available for analysis. The mean ages (±SD) were 37.6 (±7.7) for HIV+ and 36.6 (±7.9) years for HIV- women (p-value = 0.34). Cases and controls had similar socio-demographic characteristics. Among HIV+ women, HPV35 (8.7%) and HPV56 (7.4%) were the most prevalent hrHPV, while HPV52 and HPV68 (2.8%, each) were the most prevalent among HIV- women. The age adjusted RR for prevalent hrHPV was 4.18 (95% CI 2.05 – 8.49, p-value <0.0001), comparing HIV+ to HIV- women. The multivariate RR for any HPV and multiple hrHPV was 3.75 (95% CI 2.08 – 6.73, p-value 0.01) and 6.6 (95% CI 1.49 – 29.64, p-value 0.01) respectively, comparing HIV+ to HIV- women, adjusted for age, and educational level. Conclusions: HIV infection was associated with increased risk of any HPV, hrHPV and multiple HPV infections. Oncogenic HPV types 35, 52, 56 and 68 may be more important risk factors for cervical pre-cancer and cancer among women in Africa. Polyvalent hrHPV vaccines meant for African populations should protect against HPV types other than 16 and 18.

scholarly journals Prevalence of High-risk Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Prisoners in the Nsawam Medium Security Prison, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Kofi Acheampong ◽  
Kofi Effah ◽  
Joseph Emmanuel Amuah ◽  
Ethel Tekpor ◽  
Comfort Mawusi Wormenor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Thermal Coagulation ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background: The Ghana Prisons Service has a Health Directorate that ensures delivery of healthcare to people in their custody under the Ghana Association of Quasi Health Institution (GAQHI) which is one of the agencies under the Ministry of Health. Across Ghana, females comprise 1.2% of the entire prison population (n=15,463). Cervical cancer screening services are however nonexistent and the prevalence of cervical precancer is undocumented. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection and associated cervical abnormalities during a cervical cancer screening outreach. Methods: After informed consent and counselling, women underwent a structured questionnaire-based interview. Responses were recorded directly into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Inmates were co-tested for cervical pre-cancer by two trained nurses using dry brush cervical samples for 15 high risk HPV types using the AmpFire HPV test after which mobile colposcopy with the EVA system was performed. EVA images were reviewed by a gynecologist. Frequencies and percentages were used to describe categorical data while means and standard deviations or medians and interquartile ranges were used to describe continuous data. Results: The majority (75%) of the inmates were convicts with a median sentence of 5 years. Their mean age was 41.1 years (range, 19–97). Out of the 14% that had ever been screened for cervical cancer, 75% had only been screened once. The self-reported prevalence rate of HIV among the inmates was 13.1%, all of who were receiving treatment. The high-risk HPV prevalence rate was 47.6% in the general population of inmates and 63.6% among HIV positive inmates. Using the EVA system, 5(6%) had lesions on the cervix of which 3(3.6%) were treated with thermal coagulation and 2(2.4%) were treated with LEEP. The average age of high-risk HPV positive inmates was 37.8 years. These inmates were also more likely to have been in prison for a shorter duration. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of high-risk HPV infection among women in custody. These women will benefit from structured cervical cancer prevention services, including treatment for abnormalities that are picked up during such screening.

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