scholarly journals Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Neurocysticercosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Nayab Mustafa ◽  
Dania Al Ayyat ◽  
Mazin Awad ◽  
Maha Elamin ◽  
Entisar Bin Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Manifestations ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Ct And Mri ◽  
Rule Out ◽  
High Pretest Probability

A common scenario in the Emergency Department shows patients presenting with abnormal behavior and agitation. A full workup is performed to rule out organic causes for the patients’ presentation after which they are referred to the Psychiatry Department for further assessment regarding major mental disorders. Similarly, the aforementioned protocol was followed for our patient and he was admitted to the psychiatry ward but was later referred to the Neurology and Infectious Diseases Unit as he developed altered mental status. He was then diagnosed as having neurocysticercosis (NCC), which is a common parasitic infection of the central nervous system. In a multiethnic city like Dubai, NCC should always be considered as a differential diagnosis for abnormal behavior. Symptomatic NCC carries a mortality rate of more than 50%, making early detection and treatment very important. Hence, it is encouraged to screen patients with a high pretest probability using brain CT and MRI.

Serial CT and MRI findings in a patient with isolated angiitis of the central nervous system associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy

Amyloid ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Oide ◽  
Takahiko Tokuda ◽  
Yo-Ichi Takei ◽  
Hitoshi Takahashi ◽  
Kenjiro Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Serial Ct ◽  
Cerebral Amyloid ◽  
Ct And Mri

scholarly journals A PARALYTIC DISEASE OF GUINEA PIGS DUE TO THE TUBERCLE BACILLUS

1929 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Shope ◽  
Paul A. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Tuberculous Infection ◽  
Tubercle Bacillus ◽  
Herpes Encephalitis ◽  
Subsequent Publication ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Rule Out

The experimental data collected during this study of a transmissible type of paralysis developing in tuberculous guinea pigs indicate the condition to be a true tuberculous meningitis. We have been able to rule out the possibility that it is due to a non-tuberculous infection of the central nervous system caused by Roemer's virus, or by an atypical herpes virus, or by some bacterium other than the tubercle bacillus. Roemer's virus and herpes could be eliminated from consideration when Berkefeld N filtrates of infectious brain emulsions proved incapable of reproducing the disease. Furthermore, rabbits could be infected as they cannot with Roemer's virus, and the disease elicited in rabbits bears no semblance to herpes encephalitis. No organism other than the tubercle bacillus could be obtained on culturing brain or brain emulsions from experimental cases, and no others were seen in examining fresh smear preparations from the central nervous system. In a modified Noguchi medium a tubercle bacillus possessing atypical staining properties was obtained. This organism was capable of producing the typical paralytic disease when injected intracerebrally into guinea pigs, and also generalized tuberculosis in animals inoculated subcutaneously with it. Typical tuberde bacilli were readily demonstrable in sections of the meninges from animals with the disease, and culture of pieces of brain on Dorset's egg medium usually yielded a growth of tubercle bacilli. Only in the first of the experimental passages, on the other hand, was it possible to demonstrate acid-fast organisms in fresh smear preparations from the central nervous system. This fact and the attributes of the atypically staining organisms encountered in the cultures in Noguchi media will be considered more fully in a subsequent publication. In view of the much discussed question of the filtrability of the tubercle bacillus our observations concerning the failure of this organism to pass a Berkefeld N filter are of interest. No animal in our series inoculated intracerebrally with brain emulsion from either a "spontaneous" or experimental case of tuberculous meningitis failed to develop meningitis, and that rather acutely, while no animal in our series injected with a Berkefeld filtrate of brain emulsion has developed tuberculous meningitis or any other form of tuberculosis. In connection with this observation it must be recalled that the organism was atypical in respect to its staining qualities at least.

scholarly journals Uncommon Location of Common Parasite

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
P Sherwani ◽  
S Tomer ◽  
L Pahuja ◽  
R Anand
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Cystic Lesion ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Neck Stiffness ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Common Parasite ◽  
Uncommon Location ◽  
Ct And Mri

Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infection of the Central Nervous System caused by Taenia solium. Spinal cysticercosis is an uncommon site of cysticercal infestation & intramedullary involvement is even rarer.1 We are reporting a rare case of intramedullary cysticercosis in the cervical region in an 11 year old girl who presented with headache & neck stiffness. CT and MRI of the cervical spine done revealed a cystic lesion with mural nodule (scolex) with cord edema in the cervical region. The child underwent treatment with antihelminthic drugs and showed marked clinico-radiological improvement.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njr.v4i1.11373 Nepalese Journal of Radiology, Vol.4(1) 2014: 63-66

scholarly journals Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in an HIV patient was diagnosed by 3 times lumbar punctures and 2 times brain biopsies

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 952-956
Author(s):  
Mengyan Wang ◽  
Zhongdong Zhang ◽  
Jinchuan Shi ◽  
Hong Liu ◽  
Binhai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Jc Virus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Brain Biopsy ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Rule Out

AbstractProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by JC virus (JCV) and is difficult to diagnose. We report on a male HIV-positive patient with PML finally diagnosed by 3 times lumbar punctures and 2 times brain biopsies. Negative results of JCV-PCR in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) do not rule out the diagnosis of PML when clinical manifestations and neuroimaging features suspected PML. It is necessary to obtain new CSF and make repeat tests and even perform brain biopsy.

scholarly journals Experience of a Neuro-Emergency Expert in the Emergency Department during One Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9461
Author(s):  
Yong-Won Jung ◽  
Sang-Ook Ha ◽  
Jin-Hyouk Kim ◽  
Won-Seok Yang ◽  
Young-Sun Park
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Motor Weakness ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Ct And Mri ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

We aimed to evaluate the overall clinical characteristics of patients treated by a neuro-emergency expert dedicated to the emergency department (ED) as an attending neurologist during the COVID-19 pandemic. We included adult patients who visited the ED between 1 January and 31 December 2020 and were treated by a neuro-emergency expert. We retrospectively obtained and analyzed the data on patients’ clinical characteristics and outcome. The neuro-emergency expert treated 1155 patients (mean age, 62.9 years). The proportion of aged 18–40 years was the lowest, and the most common modes of arrival were public ambulance (50.6%) and walk-in (42.3%). CT and MRI examinations were performed in 94.4 and 33.1% of cases, respectively. The most frequent complaints were dizziness (31.8%), motor weakness (24.2%), and altered mental status (15.8%). The ED diagnoses were acute ischemic stroke (19.8%), benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (14.2%), vestibular neuritis (9.9%), and seizure (8.8%). The mean length of stay in the ED was 207 min. Of the patients, 55.0% were admitted to the hospital, and 41.8% were discharged for outpatient follow-up. Despite the longer stay and the complexity and difficulty of neurological diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic, the accurate diagnosis and treatment provided by a neuro-emergency expert can be presented as a good model in the ED.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON A CASE OF SPINAL NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS: A RARE CASE REPORT

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
Piyush Modi ◽  
Rajeev Kumar Singh ◽  
K.S Shahi ◽  
Prateek Shakya
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infection of the central nervous system worldwide. However , cysticercosis affecting the spine is considered extremely rare. We report one case of spinal cysticercosis with review of literature.

scholarly journals Cysticercosis Involving Muscle of Mastication: A Review and Report of Two Cases

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarbjeet Singh ◽  
V. Sreenivasan ◽  
Kanika Garg ◽  
Nikhel Dev Wazir ◽  
Jaspal Singh Rajput ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Temporalis Muscle ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stages of the parasitic cestode,Taenia solium. It is a common disease in developing countries where it is also endemic. The central nervous system (CNS) is the most important primary site of infection and the disease can present with solitary or multiple space occupying lesions. Cases of cysticercosis presenting as isolated muscle mass (pseudotumours) without involvement of the CNS have also been recently described in the literature. We present two cases who presented to us with pain, swelling, and tenderness involving the temporalis muscle along with trismus. Ultrasonography and MRI findings were suggestive of cysticercosis involving the temporalis muscle which resolved after the albendazole therapy.

scholarly journals Spinal Neurocysticercosis: A Rare Variant of a Common Parasitic Infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Paulo Mesquita Filho ◽  
Nério Azambuja Junior ◽  
José Vanzin ◽  
Rafael Annes ◽  
Daniel Varela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Clinical Scenario ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infection affecting the central nervous system, usually involving the brain parenchyma, intracranial subarachnoid space, or ventricular system. In rare cases, there is involvement of the spine (vertebral, epidural, subdural, arachnoid, or intramedullary). Even in endemic regions, this variant is rare, with an incidence below 5% of all patients. The diagnosis is made based on the symptoms, which can be very unspecific, imaging and CSF analysis, with biopsy as a possibility. Treatment is usually curative, but important deficits can develop, due to compression of the spinal cord or nerve roots, arachnoiditis, or meningitis. We present the case of a patient who developed this entity, with poor clinical scenario, and review the literature on the topic.

scholarly journals What are Your Eyes Revealing? The Contemporary Bedside Neuro-Ophthalmological Examination

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
Pei Meng Ng ◽  
◽  
Jafri Malin Abdullah ◽  
Zamzuri Idris ◽  
Abdul Rahman Izaini Ghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Simple Apparatus ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The neuro-ophthalmological evaluation is done to assess the integrity of cranial nerves II, III, IV, VI. This work does not intend to substitute the examination in a fully equipped ophthalmology suite. The aim of this manuscript is to describe bedside examination of the eye by using simple apparatus that are easily available. This work incorporates the usage of smartphone application, as smartphone is deemed an accessory in almost every resident’s pocket during review of patients as a consult in the emergency department. However, the essence of traditional physical examination remains the fundamental. Understanding of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of the eye and the central nervous system can enhance the clinician’s performance at the bedside.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document