scholarly journals Effortful Control – A Transdiagnostic Dimension Underlying Internalizing and Externalizing Psychopathology

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 255-269
Author(s):  
Els Santens ◽  
Laurence Claes ◽  
Eva Dierckx ◽  
Geert Dom
Keyword(s):  
Effortful Control ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

scholarly journals Transdiagnostic mechanisms in internalizing and externalizing psychopathology: The role of effortful control in reflexive responding to emotion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Havens Sperry ◽  
Neil Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Externalizing Behaviors ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Behaviors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Emotion-based impulsivity is a transdiagnostic construct related to both internalizing and externalizing behaviors. The Reflexive Responding to Emotion (RRE) framework proposes one possible mechanism through which emotion-based impulsivity predicts two phenotypically different presentations – poor effortful control in the face of strong negative and positive affect can result in either approach or avoidance tendencies. In the present study, we tested this theoretical model in a large developmental community sample, the Enhanced NKI-RS sample (Adult n = 708, Adolescent n = 367), which has a wide range of psychopathology and healthy functioning. Using structural equation path modeling, we tested our primary hypothesis that heightened negative or positive affect would be associated with internalizing and externalizing behaviors indirectly through activation control (avoidance) or inhibitory control (approach) facets of effortful control. In adolescents, pathways consistent with the RRE framework for negative urgency emerged such that there was a significant indirect path from negative affect to activation control to internalizing and from negative affect to inhibitory control to externalizing. There was no evidence of positive urgency pathways in the adolescent sample. In contrast, distinct pathways emerged for negative and positive affect in the adult sample – both indirectly led to internalizing psychopathology through activation control and externalizing psychopathology through inhibitory control. Results provide empirical support for the theoretical RRE model and highlight differential cognitive mechanisms through which heightened emotion states may lead to distinct impulsive action or inaction. Implications of these results are discussed, particularly as they relate to differential intervention targets for emotion-based impulsivity in transdiagnostic populations.

Victimization and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in adolescents

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Paretilla Guardi ◽  
Laia Soler Corbella ◽  
Maria Forns i Santacana ◽  
Teresa Kirchner Nebot ◽  
Noemi Pereda Beltran
Keyword(s):  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

scholarly journals Trajectories of childhood internalizing and externalizing psychopathology and psychotic-like experiences in adolescence: A prospective population-based cohort study

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin S. Lancefield ◽  
Alessandra Raudino ◽  
Johnny M. Downs ◽  
Kristin R. Laurens
Keyword(s):  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

AbstractAdolescent internalizing and externalizing psychopathology is strongly associated with adult psychiatric morbidity, including psychotic disorders. This study examined whether internalizing or externalizing trajectories (continuity/discontinuity of symptoms) from middle childhood were associated with adolescent psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). Prospective data were collected from a community sample of 553 children (mean age = 10.4 years; 50% male) and their primary caregivers. Participants completed questionnaire reports of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology and PLEs at baseline, and again approximately 2 years later. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of adolescent PLEs with four trajectories of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology (persistent, incident, remitting, and none), controlling for a range of potential confounders and sampling bias. Significant associations were identified between adolescent PLEs and the incident internalizing (adjusted odds ratio [adj. OR] = 2.96; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.60–5.49) and externalizing psychopathology (adj. OR = 2.14; 95% CI = 1.11–4.14) trajectories, as well as the persistent internalizing (adj. OR = 1.90; 95% CI = 1.13–3.18) and externalizing (adj. OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.02–3.19) trajectories. Children with remitting psychopathology trajectories were no more likely to present later PLEs than those who never experienced psychopathology. While for many individuals symptoms and illness remit during development without intervention, this study provides important insights regarding potential targets and timing for delivery of early intervention and prevention programs.

scholarly journals Personality traits share overlapping neuroanatomical correlates with internalizing and externalizing psychopathology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtland Hyatt ◽  
Max Michael Owens ◽  
Joshua Gray ◽  
NATHAN T CARTER ◽  
James MacKillop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Internalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Profile Matching ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Although personality traits have been linked to internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, the extent to which these traits and psychopathological phenotypes share a common neuroanatomical structure is unclear. To address this gap, we used structural neuroimaging and self-report data from 1101 participants in the Human Connectome Project to generate neuroanatomical profiles (NAPs) of FFM traits and psychopathology indices composed of the thickness, surface area, and gray matter volume of each region in the Desikan atlas, then used a profile matching approach to compare the absolute similarity of the FFM trait NAPs and psychopathology index NAPs. These analyses indicated that the NAPs derived from Neuroticism and Extraversion demonstrated medium to large positive and negative absolute similarities to the NAPs of internalizing psychopathology, respectively. Similarly, the NAPs of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness showed medium to large negative relations with the NAPs of antisocial behavior and substance use, respectively. These results suggest that similar neuroanatomical correlates underlie specific personality traits and symptoms of psychopathology, providing support for dimensional models that incorporate personality traits into the etiology and manifestation of psychopathology.

scholarly journals Borderline Personality Disorder Symptom Comorbidity Within a High Externalizing Sample: Relationship to the Internalizing-Externalizing Dimensional Structure of Psychopathology

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 814-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen J. Bailey ◽  
Peter R. Finn
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Disorder Symptom ◽  
Continuous Measures ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is highly comorbid with internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. The current study replicates findings indicating that BPD symptomatology is influenced by the distress subfactor of both the internalizing and the externalizing dimension of psychopathology. Confirmatory factor analysis of the covariance of continuous measures of externalizing pathology, internalizing pathology, and BPD symptoms was assessed in 837 young adults. The sample contained a range of externalizing severity from none to high severity, leading to an overrepresentation of externalizing problems. BPD symptoms were associated with both the externalizing dimension and the distress subfactor of the internalizing dimension. Interestingly, BPD had a stronger association with the externalizing dimension than observed in previous studies. Results replicated earlier findings using different and more dimensional measures. Findings indicated that BPD is more heavily influenced by the externalizing dimension of psychopathology within a high externalizing sample, such as those presenting for treatment of alcohol or substance use disorders.

Temperament Traits Mark Liability for Coexisting Psychiatric Symptoms in Children With Elevated ADHD Symptoms

2020 ◽  
pp. 108705472094328
Author(s):  
Tara M. Rutter ◽  
Anne B. Arnett
Keyword(s):  
Effortful Control ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Negative Emotionality ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Temperament Traits ◽  
Youth With Adhd ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Objective: Among children with ADHD, coexisting psychiatric disorders are common and associated with greater impairment and symptom persistence. Given that temperament traits are easily measured, developmentally stable, and variable among youth with ADHD, temperament profiles may be clinically useful for predicting liability for coexisting psychiatric symptoms in this population. Methods: Eighty-three children with ADHD symptoms participated. Caregivers rated their child’s surgency, negative emotionality, and effortful control, as well as severity of internalizing and externalizing psychiatric symptoms. Hierarchical linear regressions were conducted to estimate associations between temperament traits and psychiatric symptoms, controlling for severity of ADHD. Results: Temperament ratings explained significant variance in psychiatric symptoms above and beyond ADHD symptoms alone. Symptoms of each coexisting psychiatric disorder was associated with a distinct temperament and ADHD symptom profile. Conclusion: Temperament ratings appear to have clinical utility for predicting coexisting psychiatric symptoms in children with elevated ADHD symptoms.

scholarly journals Spousal resemblance in psychopathology: A comparison of parents of children with and without psychopathology

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
LW Wesseldijk ◽  
GC Dieleman ◽  
RJL Lindauer ◽  
M Bartels ◽  
G Willemsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Symptom Domains ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

AbstractBackgroundSpouses resemble each other for psychopathology, but data regarding spousal resemblance in externalizing psychopathology, and data regarding spousal resemblance across different syndromes (e.g. anxiety in wives and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] in husbands) are limited. Moreover, knowledge is lacking regarding spousal resemblance in parents of children with psychiatric disorders. We investigated and compared spousal resemblance within and across internalizing and externalizing symptom domains in parents of children with and without psychopathology.MethodsSymptoms of depression, anxiety, avoidant personality, ADHD, and antisocial personality were assessed with the Adult Self Report in 728 mothers and 544 fathers of 778 children seen in child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinics and in 2075 mothers and 1623 fathers of 2784 children from a population-based sample. Differences in symptom scores and spousal correlations between the samples were tested.ResultsParents in the clinical sample had higher symptom scores than in the population-based sample. In both samples, correlations within and across internalizing and externalizing domains of psychopathology were significant. Importantly, correlations were significantly higher in the clinical sample (P = 0.03). Correlations, within and across symptoms, ranged from 0.14 to 0.30 in the clinical sample and from 0.05 to 0.23 in the population-based sample.ConclusionsThis large study shows that spousal resemblance is not only present within but also across symptom domains. Especially in the clinical sample, ADHD symptoms in fathers and antisocial personality symptoms in mothers were correlated with a range of psychiatric symptoms in their spouses. Clinicians need to be alert of these multiple affected families.

scholarly journals Promoting youth mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255294
Author(s):  
Maya L. Rosen ◽  
Alexandra M. Rodman ◽  
Steven W. Kasparek ◽  
Makeda Mayes ◽  
Malila M. Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
News Media ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
At Home

The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced novel stressors into the lives of youth. Identifying factors that protect against the onset of psychopathology in the face of these stressors is critical. We examine a wide range of factors that may protect youth from developing psychopathology during the pandemic. We assessed pandemic-related stressors, internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, and potential protective factors by combining two longitudinal samples of children and adolescents (N = 224, 7–10 and 13–15 years) assessed prior to the pandemic, during the stay-at-home orders, and six months later. We evaluated how family behaviors during the stay-at-home orders were related to changes in psychopathology during the pandemic, identified factors that moderate the association of pandemic-related stressors with psychopathology, and determined whether associations varied by age. Internalizing and externalizing psychopathology increased substantially during the pandemic. Higher exposure to pandemic-related stressors was associated with increases in internalizing and externalizing symptoms early in the pandemic and six months later. Having a structured routine, less passive screen time, lower exposure to news media about the pandemic, and to a lesser extent more time in nature and getting adequate sleep were associated with reduced psychopathology. The association between pandemic-related stressors and psychopathology was reduced for youths with limited passive screen time and was absent for children, but not adolescents, with lower news media consumption related to the pandemic. We provide insight into simple, practical steps families can take to promote resilience against mental health problems in youth during the COVID-19 pandemic and protect against psychopathology following pandemic-related stressors.

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