scholarly journals A Comparison of Intradialytic versus Out-of-Clinic Exercise Training Programs for Hemodialysis Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Yu Fang ◽  
Brett T. Burrows ◽  
Alexis C. King ◽  
Kenneth R. Wilund
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
Training Exercises

Background: Physical inactivity is prevalent and linked with a variety of unfavorable clinical outcomes in hemodialysis patients. To increase physical activity (PA) and improve quality of life in this population, intradialytic and out-of-clinic exercise interventions have been implemented in many studies. However, there is still a lack of consensus in the literature on which type of exercise intervention is more feasible and effective. Summary: This review provides a brief overview of intradialytic and out-of-clinic exercise protocols utilized in previous studies. We also examine data related to the feasibility of each approach, and their efficacy for improving cardiovascular health, muscle mass, strength, and physical function. Key Messages: The benefits from most intradialytic and out-of-center exercise training interventions published to date have been modest or inconsistent. Furthermore, neither appears to provide a significant advantage over the other in terms of benefits for cardiovascular health, muscle mass, strength, and physical function. A significant concern is that most intradialytic and out-of-center exercise interventions are mandated exercise prescriptions that include either endurance or resistance training exercises, performed at low-moderate intensities, for a total of 60–135 min of exercise/week. This volume, intensity, and variety of exercise are far less than what is recommended in most PA guidelines. This type of structured activity is also boring for most patients. To enhance the effectiveness of exercise interventions, we suggest using the intradialytic period to provide patients guidance on how they can best incorporate more activity into their lives, based on their individual needs and barriers.

EXERCISE INTERVENTIONS FOR PRESERVING PHYSICAL FUNCTION AMONG CANCER SURVIVORS IN MIDDLE TO LATE LIFE

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
C.W. DAUM ◽  
S.K. COCHRANE ◽  
J.D. FITZGERALD ◽  
L. JOHNSON ◽  
T.W. BUFORD
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Randomized Controlled

The purpose of this review was to evaluate randomized controlled trials aiming to preserve the functional status, i.e. physical capabilities, of middle-aged and older cancer survivors through a structured, physical exercise intervention. The study team performed a thorough search of the literature using six online databases. This literature search limited included studies to randomized controlled trials which implemented a structured physical activity intervention for middle- and older-aged adults diagnosed with cancer. Studies were also required include at least one objective measure of physical function as a dependent outcome. This literature search yielded thirty-eight studies. The majority of the literature reviewed was successful in improving several functional outcomes including time needed to rise from a chair or distance covered during the six-minute walk test. A large number of published trials also suggest that exercise is effective in decreasing fatigue. However, a lack of trials investigating outcomes in older populations (≥ 65 years) was noted in this review. The results of this review suggest that a structured exercise program may be physically beneficial for middle-aged to older cancer survivors. Particularly, such interventions could preserve the functional status of cancer patients and, consequently, improve their long-term health outcomes. Future implications include further investigation into strictly older cancer patient populations, as outcomes related to exercise might differ between older and middle-aged adults.

scholarly journals Low Physical Function in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients Is Independent of Muscle Mass and Comorbidity

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin L. Marcus ◽  
Paul C. LaStayo ◽  
T. Alp Ikizler ◽  
Guo Wei ◽  
Ajay Giri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

scholarly journals Physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Amie Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Supervised Exercise

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex, heterogeneous endocrinopathy affecting metabolic, reproductive, and cardiovascular health in women. Evidence indicates that women with PCOS present with a cluster of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Physical activity (PA) interventions have been shown to reduce various CVD risk factors in women with PCOS. Research also suggests that sedentary behaviours have a distinct deleterious effect on cardiometabolic health. Thus, increasing PA and reducing sedentary behaviour may be a worthwhile therapeutic target to improve cardiovascular health in women with PCOS. The programme of research presented in this thesis investigates the feasibility and acceptability of two PA interventions to improve markers of CVD risk in women with PCOS using both quantitative and qualitive methods. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of exercise interventions on CVD risk factors in women with PCOS provided an evidence base on which to design a supervised exercise intervention. A feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) of two physical activity interventions for women with PCOS was conducted. Participants were randomised to either a supervised exercise intervention, a lifestyle physical activity intervention (LPAG) aimed at reducing sedentary behaviours, or a control group, for 12 weeks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of participants from each group on completion of the RCT to explore the acceptability of the interventions, and barriers and facilitators to PA. Results The systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that moderate intensity aerobic exercise interventions of ≥three months in duration, with a frequency of three sessions/week, had favourable effects on CVD risk factors. These results informed the design of the RCT. Thirty-six women with PCOS were enrolled onto the feasibility RCT (12 per group). The recruitment rate was 56% and adherence rate to the exercise intervention was considered moderate at 53%. The retention rate was high at 89%, with only five participants lost to follow-up. Adherence to the LPAG was 100%. Two non-serious adverse events were reported in the exercise group, unrelated to trial procedures. For the secondary outcomes, trend data indicates a 14% reduction in oxidised LDL concentrations in the exercise group. In addition, the data indicates weight loss (kg) of 3.4% and 3.6% in the exercise group and the LPAG, respectively. Qualitative data from the interviews (n=11) indicated that the interventions were well received, but acceptability could be improved by providing social connectivity and implementing measures that encourage the adoption of long-term health-promoting behaviours. Conclusions iii The findings suggest that the procedures for recruitment, allocation, and outcome measurements were acceptable. However, adherence to the supervised exercise intervention was below an acceptable rate. The qualitative component provides valuable contextual data that will be crucial to addressing adherence for both the progression to a full-scale RCT, and community interventions for women with PCOS.

Handgrip Strength Does Not Represent an Appropriate Measure to Evaluate Changes in Muscle Strength During an Exercise Intervention Program in Frail Older People

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Tieland ◽  
Lex B. Verdijk ◽  
Lisette C.P.G.M. de Groot ◽  
Luc J.C. van Loon
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Older People ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Frail Older People ◽  
Leg Strength

Introduction:Although handgrip strength is considered a strong predictor of negative health outcomes, it is unclear whether handgrip strength represents a useful measure to evaluate changes in muscle strength following resistance-type exercise training in older people. We assessed whether measuring handgrip strength provides proper insight in the efficacy of resistance-type exercise training to increase muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in frail older people.Methods:Prefrail and frail older people (≥ 65 y) were either conducting a 24-week resistance-type exercise training or no exercise training. Before, during, and after the intervention, handgrip strength (JAMAR), lean body mass (DXA), leg strength (1-RM), and physical performance (SPPB) were assessed.Results:Handgrip strength correlated with appendicular lean mass (r = 0.68; p < .001) and leg strength (r = 0.67; p < .001). After 24 weeks of whole body resistance-type exercise training, leg extension strength improved significantly better when compared with the control group (57 ± 2–78 ± 3 kg vs 57 ± 3–65 ± 3 kg: p < .001). Moreover, physical performance improved significantly more in the exercise group (8.0 ± 0.4–9.3 ± 0.4 points) when compared with the control group (8.3 ± 0.4–8.9 ± 0.4 points: p < .05). These positive changes were not accompanied with any significant changes in handgrip strength (26.3 ± 1.2–27.6 ± 1.2 kg in the exercise group vs 26.6 ± 1.2–26.3 ± 1.3 kg in the control group: p = .71).Conclusion:Although handgrip strength strongly correlates with muscle mass and leg strength in frail older people, handgrip strength does not provide a valid means to evaluate the efficacy of exercise intervention programs to increase muscle mass or strength in an older population.

scholarly journals Assessing the feasibility and impact of specially adapted exercise interventions, aimed at improving the multi-dimensional health and functional capacity of frail geriatric hospital inpatients: protocol for a feasibility study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e031159
Author(s):  
Paul Doody ◽  
Janet M Lord ◽  
Carolyn A Greig ◽  
Anna C Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Geriatric Hospital ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Hospital Inpatients

BackgroundFrailty is a common and clinically significant condition in older adults, predominantly due to its association with adverse health outcomes such as hospitalisation, disability and mortality. Exercise interventions have been shown to be a beneficial treatment for frailty. However, more high-quality studies are needed to assess the feasibility and impact of these interventions in frail geriatric populations within different settings, and their impact on broader aspects of health and well-being.Methods and analysisThis study will use a 2-week, interventional, independent measures research design in order to assess the feasibility and impact of two specially adapted exercise training interventions (a specially adapted resistance training intervention, and Move It Or Lose It: an established community-based exercise intervention for older adults) aimed at improving the multidimensional health and functional capacity of frail geriatric hospital inpatients.Ethics and disseminationThis study has received a favourable ethical opinion by the Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Research Ethics Committee and sponsorship by the University of Birmingham after review by the sponsors research governance office. The findings will be disseminated through publication in open access scientific journals, public engagement events, online via social media, conference presentations and directly to study participants on request.Trial registration numberNCT03141866

scholarly journals FRI0631-HPR SUPPLEMENTATION WITH CREATININE, GLUTAMINE AND Β-HYDROXY-Β-METHYLBUTYRATE IMPROVES MUSCLE MASS AND STRENGTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH SARCOPENIA AND KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: THE DIMMUS RANDOMIZED STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 920.2-920
Author(s):  
H. Riera ◽  
G. Colantuoni ◽  
M. Quintero ◽  
F. Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Knee Oa

Background:Sarcopenia is characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical function, and often accompanies other diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA)1. Both conditions are also significantly associated with poor quality of life (QoL).Objectives:A randomized controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of creatinine, glutamine and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation in enhancing muscle mass and strength, physical function and QoL in adults with sarcopenia and knee OA.Methods:Sixty-two patients aged 40 years and above with sarcopenia diagnosed according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia and with knee OA according to the criteria of American College of Rheumatology were included in the study DIMMUS. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention (n=31) and control (n=31). The intervention group received oral nutritional supplementation daily plus standardized exercise programme for 12 weeks and the control group received only rescue analgesic medication and exercise training. Muscle mass (appendicular skeletal muscle mass index [ASMMI] estimated by the Baumgartner et al.’s equation), muscle strength (handgrip strength), physical function (4-m gait speed) and QoL (SARQoL) were measured before and after the 12-week intervention. Safety was also recorded by assessments of adverse events.Results:There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups (85.5% women, 63.5 ± 9.6 years, body mass index of 26.8 ± 4.5 kg/m2, 83.9% Kellgren-Lawerence grade II OA and 91.9% mild sarcopenia). A statistically significant improvement in the mean change of ASMMI (3.7 ± 1.0 kg/m2to 3.96 ± 1.1 kg/m2;P=0.0074), handgrip strength (18.8 ± 8.7 kg to 20.5 ± 8.5 kg,P=0.0089), and SARQoL score (59.3 ± 8.8 vs 70.7 ± 16.6;P=0,0003) from baseline to 12 weeks was observed for the intervention group but not for the control group. Both groups showed significant improvements on 4-m gait speed (5.0 ± 0.9 s to 4.4 ± 0.9 s in the intervention group; 5.2 ± 2.9 to 5.0 ± 2.3 m in the control group;P<0.001). One patient reported a treatment-related bad taste in the intervention group.Conclusion:The findings of the present study demonstrated that the combined supplementation of creatinine, glutamine and HMB together with exercise training for 12 weeks may have a positive effect on the muscle mass and strength and QoL in adults with mild sarcopenia and OA. The results provide preliminary experiences and guidance for further clinical trials in both OA and sarcopenic patients.References:[1] Kemmler W, Teschler M, Goisser S, Bebenek M, von Stengel S, Bollheimer LC,et al. Prevalence of sarcopenia in Germany and the corresponding effect of osteoarthritis in females 70 years and older living in the community: results of the FORMoSA study.Clin Interv Aging. 2015;10:1565-73.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Physical Exercise Improves Heart-Rate Variability in Obese Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2946
Author(s):  
Santos Villafaina ◽  
Juan Pedro Fuentes-García ◽  
Juan Luis Leon-Llamas ◽  
Daniel Collado-Mateo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Exercise Interventions

Background: Childhood obesity has negative impact on heart-rate variability (HRV) and, thereby, on the cardiovascular health of children and adolescents. Thus, physical-exercise interventions were proposed to increase HRV. The present systematic review aims to provide an up-to-date analysis of research on the effect of physical-exercise interventions on HRV in obese children and adolescents. Methods: An electronic search of the literature was performed, and 10 articles were included. PRISMA guideline methodology was employed. Results: Physical-exercise interventions predominantly involved aerobic training; however, alternative training programs, including judo or recreational soccer, were found. The duration of intervention ranged from 6 to 24 weeks, with a training frequency of between 2 and 7 times per week. The duration of sessions typically ranged from 40 to 60 min. Conclusions: Results of the included articles indicated that physical-exercise intervention increased the HRV and thereby the autonomic modulation of obese children and adolescents. This is significant, as HRV is associated with cardiovascular health. Such physical-exercise interventions are crucial to reduce weight and improve cardiovascular health in children and adolescents, thereby achieving a sustainable future.

THU0470 EFFECT OF LAND AND WATER-BASED EXERCISE ON PHYSICAL FUNCTION IN WOMEN WITH FIBROMYALGIA: PRELIMINARY FINDINGS FROM THE AL-ÁNDALUS RANDOMISED CONTROL TRIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 472.1-472
Author(s):  
V. Segura-Jiménez ◽  
B. Gavilán Carrera ◽  
M. Borges Cosic ◽  
P. Acosta-Manzano ◽  
V. A. Aparicio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Water Based

Background:Previous evidence has shown physical function (PF) improvements after physical exercise programs in fibromyalgia1. However, research comparing the efficacy of land vs. water-based programs is scarce.Objectives:This study aimed at comparing the effects of two exercise interventions (land- and water-based) on PF in patients with fibromyalgia.Methods:A total of 262 women were initially randomized and 152 (age:50.6 ±7.7 years) completed all the assessments with an attendance ≥70% (control n=62, land-based n=48, water-based n=42). The intervention groups trained three non-consecutive days/week (60 min/session) during 24 weeks. Every session consisted of exercises focused on improving cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and flexibility. Physical function components were assessed with the Functional Senior Fitness Test battery, and a standardized global PF index was calculated. Pre-, post- and re-test (12-week detraining) assessments were conducted. Groups did not differ in sex, sociodemographic characteristics, disease duration, drugs intake, and body mass index. Analysis of covariance was used to test the differences in changes from baseline (post-test vs. pre-test and re-test vs. pre-test) between groups using age, pain sensitivity, and baseline outcomes values as covariates.Results:Land- and water-based exercise groups improved lower body strength (mean difference; 95% confidence interval=2.8; 1.8, 3.8 and 1.7; 0.6, 2.8, respectively), upper body strength (4.8; 2.8, 6.8 and 3.5; 1.4, 5.6, respectively), and agility (-0.8; -1.2, -0.4 and -0.4; -0.8, -0.0, respectively) compared to the control group (all, P≤0.033). Additionally, land-based exercise group improved lower body flexibility and cardiorespiratory fitness compared to both the control (6.4; 2.8, 9.9 and 55.0; 31.0, 79.2, respectively) and water-based (5.4; 1.7, 9.2 and 37.5; 11.4, 63.6, respectively) groups (all, P≤0.002). Global PF improved in the land-based compared to the control group (0.4; 0.2, 0.5, P<0.001) and the water-based group (0.2; 0.0, 0.4, P=0.019). After the detraining period, land- and water-based groups maintained improvements in upper body strength (3.1; 1.2, 5.0 and 2.2; 0.1, 4.2, respectively) compared to the control group (all, P≤0.032). Land-based exercise group maintained improvements in lower body flexibility (5.1; 1.5, 8.8), lower body strength (1.7; 0.8, 2.6), agility (-0.6; -1.0, -0.3) and cardiorespiratory fitness (31.0; 6.8, 55.2) compared to control group (all, P≤0.007), and agility (-0.5; -0.9, -0.1) and cardiorespiratory fitness (40.2; 11.7, 68.7) compared to the water-based group (all, P≤0.014). The improvements in global PF were maintained in the land-based group compared to the control group (0.1; 0.0, 0.3, P=0.049).Conclusion:Land- and water-based exercise interventions are overall effective to improve PF in patients with fibromyalgia. However, the land-based exercise intervention presented greater effectiveness compared to the water-based exercise intervention. Improvements were overall sustained in the land-based group after a 12-week detraining period.References:[1]Macfarlane, G.J.; Kronisch, C.; Dean, L.E.; Atzeni, F.; Häuser, W.; Fluß, E.; Choy, E.; Kosek, E.; Amris, K.; Branco, J.; et al. EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 2017, 76, 318–328.Acknowledgments:This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (I+D+i DEP2010-15639; I+D+I DEP2013-40908-R) and the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (FPU15/00002).Disclosure of Interests: :None declared

scholarly journals The Effects of Timing of a Leucine-Enriched Amino Acid Supplement on Body Composition and Physical Function in Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Ikeda ◽  
Nobuo Morotomi ◽  
Arinori Kamono ◽  
Saki Ishimoto ◽  
Ryo Miyazawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Exercise

The combination of exercise and nutritional intervention is widely used for stroke patients, as well as frail or sarcopenic older persons. As previously shown, supplemental branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) or protein to gain muscle mass has usually been given just after exercise. This study investigated the effect of the timing of supplemental BCAAs with exercise intervention on physical function in stroke patients. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups based on the timing of supplementation: breakfast (n = 23) and post-exercise (n = 23). The supplement in the breakfast group was provided at 08:00 with breakfast, and in the post-exercise group it was provided just after the exercise session in the afternoon at 14:00–18:00. In both groups, the exercise intervention was performed with two sessions a day for two months. The main effects were observed in body fat mass (p = 0.02, confidence interval (CI): 13.2–17.7), leg press strength (p = 0.04, CI: 94.5–124.5), and Berg balance scale (p = 0.03, CI: 41.6–52.6), but no interaction with intake timing was observed. Although the effect of the timing of supplementation on skeletal muscle mass was similar in both groups, BCAA intake with breakfast was effective for improving physical performance and decreasing body fat mass. The results suggest that a combination of BCAA intake with breakfast and an exercise program was effective for promoting rehabilitation of post-stroke patients.

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