Effects of Exercise on Muscle Fitness in Dialysis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Lu ◽  
Yujie Wang ◽  
Qian Lu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Muscle Fitness

Background: Lack of exercise is a prevalent problem in patients receiving dialysis. Although guidelines recommend these patients to undertake suitable exercise, no exercise type or intensity has been suggested, and the effect of exercise on muscle fitness in dialysis patients is not clear. This study investigated the effect of exercise on muscle fitness, including muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, in patients on dialysis. Methods: A systematic review and a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted. Five English and 4 Chinese databases were searched from their inception to July 2018. Two independent reviewers searched the different databases, selected trials, conducted bias assessment, and extracted the data. Results: A total of 21 RCTs meeting the inclusion criteria were included in this review. Pooled results demonstrated that resistance training significantly improved leg mass (standard mean difference [SMD] 0.34, 95% CI [0.06–0.62], p= 0.02) whereas aerobic training did not (SMD 0.87, 95% CI [–0.11 to 1.86], p = 0.08). Resistance training increased both grip strength (weighted mean difference [WMD] 4.71 kg, 95% CI [2.42–6.99], p < 0.00001) and knee extension strength (WMD 3.93 kg, 95% CI [0.59–7.28], p = 0.02) significantly. Aerobic training improved grip strength (WMD 7.70 kg, 95% CI [3.35–12.05], p= 0.005) and the time of finishing short version of the sit-to-stand test (STS; WMD –4.69 s, 95% CI [–9.01 to –0.38], p = 0.03) but with insufficient evidence. In the dimension of physical performance, both aerobic training and resistance training have some beneficial effect on improving the score of 6-min walking test (WMD 85.76 m, 95% CI [63.43–108.09], p < 0.00001; WMD 41.92 m, 95% CI [8.06–75.75], p = 0.02, respectively) and median version of STS test (WMD 4.30 repetitions, 95% CI [1.22–7.39], p = 0.006; WMD 2.60 repetitions, 95% CI [0.64–4.56], p = 0.006, respectively). Conclusions: Regular resistance training with a moderate to high intensity may lead to improvement in muscle mass and muscle strength of patients undergoing dialysis, especially for the trained muscles. Both aerobic training and resistance training may help dialysis patients improve physical performance.

scholarly journals The effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction on muscle strength, muscle hypertrophy and functionality in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review with meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259574
Author(s):  
Leonardo Peterson dos Santos ◽  
Rafaela Cavalheiro do Espírito Santo ◽  
Thiago Rozales Ramis ◽  
Juliana Katarina Schoer Portes ◽  
Rafael Mendonça da Silva Chakr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity

Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and osteoarthritis(OA) patients showed systemic manifestations that may lead to a reduction in muscle strength, muscle mass and, consequently, to a reduction in functionality. On the other hand, moderate intensity resistance training(MIRT) and high intensity resistance training(HIRT) are able to improve muscle strength and muscle mass in RA and OA without affecting the disease course. However, due to the articular manifestations caused by these diseases, these patients may present intolerance to MIRT or HIRT. Thus, the low intensity resistance training combined with blood flow restriction(LIRTBFR) may be a new training strategy for these populations. Objective To perform a systematic review with meta-analysis to verify the effects of LIRTBFR on muscle strength, muscle mass and functionality in RA and OA patients. Materials and methods A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials(RCTs), published in English, between 1957–2021, was conducted using MEDLINE(PubMed), Embase and Cochrane Library. The methodological quality was assessed using Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. The risk of bias was assessed using RoB2.0. Mean difference(MD) or standardized mean difference(SMD) and 95% confidence intervals(CI) were pooled using a random-effects model. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Five RCTs were included. We found no significant differences in the effects between LIRTBFR, MIRT and HIRT on muscle strength, which was assessed by tests of quadriceps strength(SMD = -0.01[-0.57, 0.54], P = 0.96; I² = 58%) and functionality measured by tests with patterns similar to walking(SMD = -0.04[-0.39, 0.31], P = 0.82; I² = 0%). Compared to HIRT, muscle mass gain after LIRTBFR was reported to be similar. When comparing LIRTBFR with low intensity resistance training without blood flow restriction(LIRT), the effect LIRTBFR was reported to be higher on muscle strength, which was evaluated by the knee extension test. Conclusion LIRTBFR appears to be a promising strategy for gains in muscle strength, muscle mass and functionality in a predominant sample of RA and OA women.

scholarly journals Effects of different exercise training modes on muscle strength and physical performance in older people with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linqian Lu ◽  
Lin Mao ◽  
Yuwei Feng ◽  
Barbara E. Ainsworth ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Older People ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Objective We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the effects of different exercise modes (resistance training [RT], whole body vibration training [WBVT], and mixed training [MT, resistance training combined with other exercises such as balance, endurance and aerobic training]) on muscle strength (knee extension strength [KES]) and physical performance (Timed Up and Go [TUG], gait speed [GS] and the Chair Stand [CS]) in older people with sarcopenia. Method All studies published from January 2010 to March 2021 on the effects of exercise training in older people with sarcopenia were retrieved from 6 electronic databases: Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Database. Two researchers independently extracted and evaluated studies that met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pooled analyses for pre- and post- outcome measurements were performed using Review Manager 5.4 with standardized mean differences (SMDs) and fixed-effect models. Result Twenty-six studies (25 randomized controlled trails [RCTs] and one non-randomized controlled trail) were included in this study with 1191 older people with sarcopenia (mean age 60.6 ± 2.3 to 89.5 ± 4.4). Compared with a control group, RT and MT significantly improved KES (RT, SMD = 1.36, 95% confidence intervals [95% CI]: 0.71 to 2.02, p < 0.0001, I2 = 72%; MT, SMD = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.95, p = 0.0002, I2 = 56%) and GS (RT, SMD = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.04 to 2.97, p < 0.0001, I2 = 84%; MT, SMD = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.29 to 1.09, p = 0.008, I2 = 81%). WBVT showed no changes in KES (SMD = 0.65, 95% CI: − 0.02 to 1.31, p = 0.06, I2 = 80%) or GS (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI: − 0.15 to 0.39, p = 0.38, I2 = 0%). TUG times were significantly improved with all exercise training modes (SMD = -0.66, 95% CI: − 0.94 to − 0.38, p < 0.00001, I2 = 60%). There were no changes in CS times with any of the exercise training modes (SMD = 0.11, 95% CI: − 0.36 to 0.57, p = 0.65, I2 = 87%). Conclusions In older people with sarcopenia, KES and GS can be improved by RT and MT, but not by WBVT. All three training modes improved TUG times, but not improved CS times.

scholarly journals Impact of exercise training on sarcopenia associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gonzalez ◽  
Mayalen Valero-Breton ◽  
Camila Huerta-Salgado ◽  
Oscar Achiardi ◽  
Felipe Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analyses to assess the efficacy of physical exercise on strength, muscle mass and physical function in adult patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Design: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of seven studies to investigate the effect of exercise training interventions in muscle strength, muscle mass and physical performance. Data sources: We identified relevant randomised controlled trials (RCT) in electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus). Eligibility criteria: We selected seven RCTs from 66 screened studies. The inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed and English writing articles that included adult patients with liver disease of non-alcoholic origin, applied resistance training, endurance training or both, and assayed at least one variable of sarcopenia. Results: Physical performance criterion improved in the exercise groups (mean differences [MD] 8.26 mL/Kg*min [95% CI 5.27 to 11.24 mL/Kg*min], p < 0.0001) versus the control groups; muscle mass, determined as lean body mass (LBM), showed no evidence of the beneficial effects of exercise versus the control groups (MD 1.01 Kg [95% CI -1.78 to 3.80 Kg], p = 0.48); we did not include muscle strength, as none of the selected studies evaluated it. Summary/conclusion: Exercise training is a useful intervention strategy to treat sarcopenia in patients with NAFLD; it increases their physical performance in the form of aerobic capacity but does not affect LBM. Future research should include muscle strength assessments and resistance training to evaluate the effects of exercise training on sarcopenia in NAFLD patients. PROSPERO reference number CRD42020191471

scholarly journals Does the combination of resistance training and a nutritional intervention have a synergic effect on muscle mass, strength, and physical function in older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MoonKi Choi ◽  
Hayeon Kim ◽  
Juyeon Bae
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Nutritional Interventions

Abstract Background Health-promoting interventions are important for preventing frailty and sarcopenia in older adults. However, there is limited evidence that nutritional interventions yield additional effects when combined with resistance training. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effectiveness of nutritional interventions with resistance training and that of resistance training alone. Methods Randomized controlled trials published in peer-reviewed journals prior to July 2020 were retrieved from databases and other sources. The articles were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using Cochrane’s risk of bias tool 2. A meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.4 program and STATA 16 program. Results A total of 22 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed no significant differences between groups in muscle mass, muscle strength, or physical functional performance. In the subgroup analysis regarding the types of nutritional interventions, creatine showed significant effects on lean body mass (n = 4, MD 2.61, 95% CI 0.51 to 4.72). Regarding the other subgroup analyses, there were no significant differences in appendicular skeletal muscle mass (p = .43), hand grip strength (p = .73), knee extension strength (p = .09), chair stand test results (p = .31), or timed up-and-go test results (p = .31). In the meta-regression, moderators such as the mean age of subjects and duration of interventions were not associated with outcome variables. Conclusions This meta-analysis showed that nutritional interventions with resistance training have no additional effect on body composition, muscle strength, or physical function. Only creatine showed synergistic effects with resistance training on muscle mass. Trial registration CRD42021224843.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Resistance Training on Whole-Body Muscle Growth in Healthy Adult Males

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro J. Benito ◽  
Rocío Cupeiro ◽  
Domingo J. Ramos-Campo ◽  
Pedro E. Alcaraz ◽  
Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Significant Variable

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to study all published clinical trial interventions, determined the magnitude of whole-body hypertrophy in humans (healthy males) and observed the individual responsibility of each variable in muscle growth after resistance training (RT). Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library from database inception until 10 May 2018 for original articles assessing the effects of RT on muscle size after interventions of more than 2 weeks of duration. Specifically, we obtain the variables fat-free mass (FMM), lean muscle mass (LMM) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM). The effects on outcomes were expressed as mean differences (MD) and a random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regressions determined covariates (age, weight, height, durations in weeks…) to explore the moderate effect related to the participants and characteristics of training. One hundred and eleven studies (158 groups, 1927 participants) reported on the effects of RT for muscle mass. RT significantly increased muscle mass (FFM+LMM+SMM; Δ1.53 kg; 95% CI [1.30, 1.76], p < 0.001; I2 = 0%, p = 1.00). Considering the overall effects of the meta-regression, and taking into account the participants’ characteristics, none of the studied covariates explained any effect on changes in muscle mass. Regarding the training characteristics, the only significant variable that explained the variance of the hypertrophy was the sets per workout, showing a significant negative interaction (MD; estimate: 1.85, 95% CI [1.45, 2.25], p < 0.001; moderator: -0.03 95% CI [−0.05, −0.001] p = 0.04). In conclusion, RT has a significant effect on the improvement of hypertrophy (~1.5 kg). The excessive sets per workout affects negatively the muscle mass gain.

scholarly journals Effects of vibration therapy on muscle mass, muscle strength and physical function in older adults with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Wu ◽  
Hong-Ting Ning ◽  
Su-Mei Xiao ◽  
Ming-Yue Hu ◽  
Xin-Yin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Local Vibration ◽  
Vibration Therapy

Abstract Background Sarcopenia, a progressive loss of muscle mass and function with advancing age, is a prevalent condition among older adults. As most older people are too frail to do intensive exercise and vibration therapy has low risk and ease of participation, it may be more readily accepted by elderly individuals. However, it remains unclear whether vibration therapy would be effective among older adults with sarcopenia. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effect of vibration therapy including local vibration therapy and whole-body vibration therapy, for enhancing muscle mass, muscle strength and physical function in older people with sarcopenia. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in March 2019 in the following 5 electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PEDro, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, with no restriction of language or the year of publication. Randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies examining effects of vibration therapy on muscle mass, muscle strength or physical function in older adults with sarcopenia were included in this systematic review. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of the selected studies. Results Of the 1972 identified studies, seven publications from six studies involving 223 participants were included in this systematic review. Five of them conducted whole-body vibration therapy, while two conducted local vibration therapy. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies indicated that muscle strength significantly increased after whole-body vibration therapy (SMD 0.69, 95% CI 0.28 to 1.11, I2 = 0%, P = 0.001) and local vibration therapy (SMD 3.78, 95% CI 2.29 to 5.28, P < 0.001). Physical performance measured by the sit-to-stand test and the timed-up-and-go test were significantly improved after the intervention (SMD -0.79, 95% CI − 1.21 to − 0.37, I2 = 0%, P < 0.001) and SMD -0.83, 95% CI − 1.56 to − 0.11, I2 = 64%, P = 0.02, respectively). Conclusion Vibration therapy could be a prospective strategy for improving muscle strength and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia. However, due to the limited number of the included studies, caution is needed when interpreting these results. More well-designed, large sample size studies should be conducted to further explore and validate the benefits of vibration therapy for this population.

scholarly journals Nutritional Intervention to Prevent the Functional Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2820
Author(s):  
Julie Mareschal ◽  
Laurence Genton ◽  
Tinh-Hai Collet ◽  
Christophe Graf
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Aging is a global public health concern. From the age of 50, muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance tend to decline. Sarcopenia and frailty are frequent in community-dwelling older adults and are associated with negative outcomes such as physical disability and mortality. Therefore, the identification of therapeutic strategies to prevent and fight sarcopenia and frailty is of great interest. This systematic review aims to summarize the impact of nutritional interventions alone or combined with other treatment(s) in older community-dwelling adults on (1) the three indicators of sarcopenia, i.e., muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance; and (2) the hospitalization and readmission rates. The literature search was performed on Medline and included studies published between January 2010 and June 2020. We included randomized controlled trials of nutritional intervention alone or combined with other treatment(s) in community-living subjects aged 65 or older. In total, 28 articles were retained in the final analysis. This systematic review highlights the importance of a multimodal approach, including at least a combined nutritional and exercise intervention, to improve muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance, in community-dwelling older adults but especially in frail and sarcopenic subjects. Regarding hospitalization and readmission rate, data were limited and inconclusive. Future studies should continue to investigate the effects of such interventions in this population.

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