scholarly journals Recurrent Fever and Failure to Thrive in an 11-Year-Old Boy

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-356
Author(s):  
Felix Stickel ◽  
Martin Wartenberg ◽  
Hanifa Bouzourene ◽  
Maria Anna Ortner ◽  
Gerhard Rogler
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Tissue Transglutaminase ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Recurrent Fever ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Gliadin Antibodies ◽  
Fever Syndromes

Recurrent fever is frequent among children and mostly associated with viral infections inoculated via social contacts with others of the same age. Rarely, severe conditions such as hematological malignancies, pediatric rheumatoid diseases, chronic infections, or inherited recurrent fever syndromes are causative. Herein, we present the case of an 11-year-old boy with frequently recurring high-fever episodes since early childhood, failure to thrive, and iron deficiency who was found to have classical celiac disease (CD) with highly elevated tissue transglutaminase and anti-gliadin antibodies and marked duodenal villous atrophy. Upon implementation of a gluten-free diet, the boy ceased to have fevers, antibodies decreased markedly, his iron status improved, and he significantly gained weight. Although infrequent, recurrent fever should be included into the polymorphic clinical picture of CD, and the threshold of testing for diagnostic antibodies should be low in such patients.

scholarly journals Vaccine responses in ageing and chronic viral infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Rees-Spear ◽  
Laura E McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Vaccine Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Immunological Changes ◽  
Cellular Responsiveness ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Lay Summary Improved life expectancy in recent years has led to a growing population of adults over the age of 60. Age is commonly associated with increased inflammatory conditions and infections. Similar immunological changes have been observed during chronic infections, in particular HIV, where this is compounded by the success of antiretroviral therapy that has increased the number of people living with HIV into their sixties and beyond. The increased susceptibility of these groups to infection makes vaccination all the more important. However, the alterations to their immune systems call into question how effective those vaccinations may be. Here we discuss vaccine efficacy within elderly and chronically infected populations and investigate the immunological changes that may impact vaccine responsiveness. Over the last few decades, changing population demographics have shown that there is a growing number of individuals living past the age of 60. With this expanding older population comes an increase in individuals that are more susceptible to chronic illness and disease. An important part of maintaining health in this population is through prophylactic vaccination, however, there is growing evidence that vaccines may be less effective in the elderly. Furthermore, with the success of anti-viral therapies, chronic infections such as HIV are becoming increasingly prevalent in older populations and present a relatively unstudied population with respect to the efficacy of vaccination. Here we will examine the evidence for age-associated reduction in antibody and cellular responsiveness to a variety of common vaccines, and investigate the underlying causes attributed to this phenomenon, such as inflammation and senescence. We will also discuss the impact of chronic viral infections on immune responses in both young and elderly patients, particularly those living with HIV, and how this affects vaccinations in these populations.

Haematologic consequences of viral infections including serum iron status

1994 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Pinar Cemeroglu ◽  
Sinasi Özsoylu
Keyword(s):  
Serum Iron ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Iron Status

scholarly journals Viral hepatitis and liver cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 372 (1732) ◽  
pp. 20160274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Ringehan ◽  
Jane A. McKeating ◽  
Ulrike Protzer
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Oncogenic Viruses ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Future Design ◽  
End Stage

Hepatitis B and C viruses are a global health problem causing acute and chronic infections that can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These infections are the leading cause for HCC worldwide and are associated with significant mortality, accounting for more than 1.3 million deaths per year. Owing to its high incidence and resistance to treatment, liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with HCC representing approximately 90% of all primary liver cancer cases. The majority of viral-associated HCC cases develop in subjects with liver cirrhosis; however, hepatitis B virus infection can promote HCC development without prior end-stage liver disease. Thus, understanding the role of hepatitis B and C viral infections in HCC development is essential for the future design of treatments and therapies for this cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on hepatitis B and C virus hepatocarcinogenesis and highlight direct and indirect risk factors. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Human oncogenic viruses’.

scholarly journals New Serology Assays Can Detect Gluten Sensitivity among Enteropathy Patients Seronegative for Anti–Tissue Transglutaminase

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Sugai ◽  
Hui Jer Hwang ◽  
Horacio Vázquez ◽  
Edgardo Smecuol ◽  
Sonia Niveloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Tissue Transglutaminase ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Intestinal Biopsy ◽  
Gluten Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Antibody Isotypes ◽  
Igg Isotypes ◽  
Inova Diagnostics

Abstract Background: Some patients with celiac disease (CD) may be seronegative with the commonly used test for IgA anti–tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) antibodies. Our aim was to explore whether newer assays incorporating synthetic deamidated gliadin-related peptides (DGPs) or other TG isoenzymes as antigen are useful for detecting gluten sensitivity in IgA anti-tTG–seronegative patients. Methods: We assayed serum samples obtained at diagnosis from (a) anti-tTG–seronegative patients with a CD-like enteropathy (n = 12), (b) skin biopsy–proven dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) patients (n = 26), and (c) IgA anti-tTG–positive CD patients (n = 26). All patients had typical total IgA concentrations. All patients underwent intestinal biopsy and serum testing for (a) detection of IgA and IgG isotypes of both anti-DGP and anti-tTG in a single assay (tTG/DGP Screen; INOVA Diagnostics), (b) simultaneous detection of both IgA and IgG anti-DGP antibody isotypes (DGP Dual; INOVA Diagnostics), and (c) detection of antibodies to transglutaminase 3 (TG3) or transglutaminase 6 (TG6). Results: All anti-tTG–seropositive patients also tested positive in anti-DGP assays. Overall, tTG/DGP Screen detected 6 (31.6%) of the 19 anti-tTG seronegatives, and anti-DGP Dual produced positive results in 5 (26.3%) of these cases. Whereas both assays detected 2 anti-tTG–negative DH patients with partial villous atrophy, they were positive in only 2 of the 5 cases with no histologically discernible mucosal damage. Testing for antibodies to TG3 and TG6 identified 7 (36.8%) of the 19 anti-tTG–negative patients, 5 of which were also positive for anti-DGP. Conclusions: Detection of anti-DGP with tTG/DGP Screen or anti-DGP Dual, or detection of antibodies to other TG isoenzymes, enhances the sensitivity for detecting gluten sensitivity among non–IgA- deficient, anti-tTG–seronegative patients with CD-like enteropathy.

scholarly journals OP0254 CANAKINUMAB IMPROVES PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT FEVER SYNDROMES: RESULTS FROM A PHASE 3 TRIAL (CLUSTER)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen J. Lachmann ◽  
Bernard Lauwerys ◽  
Paivi Miettunen ◽  
Tilmann Kallinich ◽  
Gerd Horneff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Recurrent Fever ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Fever Syndromes

scholarly journals The Broad Spectrum of Celiac Disease and Gluten Sensitive Enteropathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oana Mocan ◽  
Dan L. Dumitrașcu
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Intestinal Biopsy ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Genetic Transmission ◽  
Intestinal Involvement ◽  
Gluten Sensitive Enteropathy

The celiac disease is an immune chronic condition with genetic transmission, caused by the intolerance to gluten. Gluten is a protein from cereals containing the following soluble proteins: gliadine, which is the most toxic, and the prolamins. The average prevalence is about 1% in USA and Europe, but high in Africa: 5.6% in West Sahara. In the pathogenesis several factors are involved: gluten as external trigger, genetic predisposition (HLA, MYO9B), viral infections, abnormal immune reaction to gluten. Severity is correlated with the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes, cryptic hyperplasia and villous atrophy, as well as with the length of intestinal involvement. The severity is assessed according to the Marsh–Oberhuber staging. Diagnostic criteria are: positive serological tests, intestinal biopsy, the reversal after gluten free diet (GFD). Beside refractory forms, new conditions have been described, like the non celiac gluten intolerance. In a time when more and more people adhere to GFD for nonscientific reasons, practitioners should be updated with the progress in celiac disease knowledge.       

scholarly journals Atypical presentations of celiac disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
Adriana Luminita Balasa ◽  
Cristina Maria Mihai ◽  
Tatiana Chisnoiu ◽  
Corina Elena Frecus
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Tissue Transglutaminase ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Genetic Syndromes ◽  
Gliadin Antibodies ◽  
Pediatric Clinic ◽  
Endomysial Antibodies ◽  
Atypical Presentations ◽  
Celiac Disease Antibodies

Abstract In this study we evaluated the association of celiac disease in 81 children with autoimmune disease and genetic syndromes over a two years periods (January 2014 to July 2016) in Pediatric Clinic in Constanta. Because the extraintestinal symptoms are an atypical presentation of celiac disease we determined in these children the presence of celiac disease antibodies: Anti-tissue Transglutaminase Antibody IgA and IgA total serum level as a screening method followeds in selective cases by Anti-tissue Transglutaminase Antibody IgG, anti-endomysial antibodies, deamidated gliadin antibodies IgA and IgG and intestinal biopsia. In our study 8 patients had been diagnosed with celiac disease with extraintestinal symptoms, of which 4 with type 1 diabetes, 1 patient with ataxia, 2 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis and 1 patient with Down syndrome that associate also autoimmune thyroiditis, alopecia areata, enamel hypoplasia.

Gliadin antibodies identify gluten-sensitive oral ulceration in the absence of villous atrophy

1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 476-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cliona O'Farrelly ◽  
C. O'Mahony ◽  
F. Graeme-Cook ◽  
C. Feighery ◽  
B. E. McCartan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Oral Ulceration ◽  
Gliadin Antibodies
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