Effects of Sodium Trimetaphosphate, Associated or Not with Fluoride, on the Composition and pH of Mixed Biofilms, before and after Exposure to Sucrose

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-368
Author(s):  
Thamires Priscila Cavazana ◽  
Juliano Pelim Pessan ◽  
Thayse Yumi Hosida ◽  
Caio Sampaio ◽  
Viviane de Oliveira Zequini Amarante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Sodium Trimetaphosphate ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Biofilm Fluid ◽  
Difference Test

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP), associated or not with fluoride (F), on the concentrations of F, calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) and on the pH of mixed biofilms of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>, before and after exposure to sucrose. The biofilms received three treatments (72, 78, and 96 h after the beginning of their formation), at three TMP concentrations (0.25, 0.5, or 1%), with or without F at 500 ppm. Solutions containing 500 and 1,100 ppm F as well as artificial saliva were also tested as controls. Biofilm pH was measured and the concentrations of F, Ca, and P were determined (solid and fluid phases). In a parallel experiment, after the third treatment (96 h), the biofilms were exposed to a 20% sucrose solution to simulate a cariogenic challenge and the pH of the medium, F, Ca, P, and TMP were determined. The data were submitted by two-way ANOVA, followed by Fisher’s least significant difference test (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). Treatment with TMP and 500 ppm F led to higher F concentration in the biofilm fluid. Although TMP did not affect Ca concentrations, biofilms treated with TMP alone presented higher P concentrations. Treatment with 1% TMP and F led to the highest pH values of the biofilm, both before and after the cariogenic challenge. It was concluded that TMP increases F and P in the biofilm and that its presence promotes an increase in the pH of the medium, even after the cariogenic challenge.

scholarly journals Evaluation of color stability of different temporary restorative materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 262-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Vitor Quinelli Mazaro ◽  
Luiz Miguel Minani ◽  
Adriana Cristina Zavanelli ◽  
Caroline Cantieri de Mello ◽  
Cleidiel Aparecido Araújo Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Level Of Significance

AbstractIntroductionTemporary restorative materials are widely used, however, little is know about their color stability.Objectiveto evaluate the color stability of the following temporary restorative materials: acrylic and bis-acrylic resins after immersion in pigmenting solutions for different periods of storage.Material and methodFour materials were tested (Dêncor/Clássico, Protemp 4/3M ESPE; Structur 2 SC/Voco; Luxatemp AM Plus/DMG) and 30 test specimens (15 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick) per material were fabricated. They were divided according to the storage medium (artificial saliva, saliva + cola type soda, and saliva + coffee) and storage time intervals (2, 5, 7 and 15 days). Color measurements were made before and after immersions, with use of a spectrophotometer, by means of the CIE L*a*b* system. The data were analyzed by the analysis of variance and the Tukey Test, at a level of significance of 5%.ResultAcrylic resin presented greater color stability in comparison with bis-acrylic resins (p<0.001). When bis-acrylic resins were compared no significant difference was observed between the resins Structur and Luxatemp (p=0.767). As regards solutions tested, coffee showed the highest color change values (p<0.001), and the longer the storage time interval, the greater was the color change in all the temporary restorative materials analyzed (p<0.001).ConclusionAcrylic resin presented greater color stability in comparison with bis-acrylic resins (p<0.001). Coffee caused the greatest color change, and immersion time was determinant in color stability of the temporary materials analyzed.

scholarly journals Self-Regulated Learning in Designing Explorative Learning Tools Among Mathematics Pre-service Teachers through Explorative Module

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 00106
Author(s):  
Indhira Asih Vivi Yandari ◽  
Hepsi Nindiasari ◽  
Etika Khaerunnisa ◽  
Aan Subhan Pamungkas ◽  
Karso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Activity ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Explorative Learning ◽  
Professional Teacher ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Difference Test ◽  
Supporting Materials

This study is back grounded by the importance of self- regulated learning in mathematics pre-service teachers. By possessing self-regulated, students will be able to evaluate learning process, set learning target, arrange the strategy in learning to achieve the goal, search relevant supporting materials for the lectures and show self efficacy. One task which play a role to make students successful to become professional teacher is by creating explorative learning tools. The development of this explorative tools very support learning activity process in class. This study aims to see to what extent self-regulated learning among students in developing explorative learning tools. The method of study is experimental quasi by treatment which is initiated with explorative learning and then explorative module learning is given to one class. The subjects in this study are students of mathematics department with total of 21 students, consist of 4 males and 17 females. Quantitative analysis was performed using the average difference test. The result of study shows that the average of students’ self-regulated learning after treatment is in good category and there is significant difference in self regulated learning before and after treatment. It can be concluded that these treatment give good contribution to develop students’ self-regulated learning.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERBEDAAN ABNORMAL RETURN DAN TRADING VOLUME ACTIVITY SAHAM SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PERISTIWA GEMPA DI YOGYAKARTA TANGGAL 27 MEI 2006 (Sudi Kasus pada Perusahaan Asuransi Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Jakarta)

IQTISHODUNA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulu Nurul Istanti, SE., MM.,
Keyword(s):  
Abnormal Return ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Volume Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Insurance Firms ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Difference Test

This research presents an empirical analysis of difference between abnormal return and trading volume activity before and after earths-quake, in Yogyakarta at May 27, 2006. And examine its statistical properties. This research argues that there was difference between abnormal return and trading volume activity before and after quake. For this purpose, the mean difference test, using t-test, was applied to compare the mean value of abnormal return and trading volume activity before and after quake. The sample of this research consists of the insurance firms listed at the Jakarta Stock Exchange. Investigation on the sample firms involved periods of ten days before quake and ten days after quake. The results of this research indicate that there was no significant difference between the abnormal return and trading volume activity before and after quake. This evidence confirms that even did not positively influence abnormal return and trading volume activity as suggested theoretically.  

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM BATHROOMS IN FEMALE STUDENTS’ HOSTEL, UNIVERSITY OF BENIN, BENIN CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
C. L. Ozoaduche ◽  
I. B. Idemudia
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mucor Mucedo ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
Microbiological Techniques

Fungi are specifically dangerous as they exhibit a significant tolerance to environmental changes and can proliferate under low relative humidity, unlike bacteria. They produce spores that are easily dispersed by air hence they are ubiquitous. The study aimed at identifying the fungal isolates present in the bathrooms located on the three floors of the hostel, University of Benin, Benin City. Samples were collected from the walls of the bathrooms using sterile swab sticks and were identified using standard microbiological techniques. The isolated fungi were Aspergillus nidulans, A. niger, A. tamarii, A.  flavus, Candida albicans, Penicillium cyclopium, P. oxalicum, Mucor mucedo, Trichophyton rubrum and Rhodotorula species. From the ground floor bathrooms, Candida albicans (23.40%) were most frequently isolated, Aspergillus nidulans (55.56%) were mostly isolated from the first floor and Mucor mucedo (56.00%) were the most isolated from the second floor.  After washing the bathrooms, Mucor mucedo was scarcely isolated from the walls of the bathrooms. The findings were processed statistically using the two-tailed test to detect the significant difference between the groups of means for the fungal counts from each floor. A significant difference (p<0.05) in the fungi isolated before and after washing was found. Isolated fungi from this study are known to be of public health importance hence, strict hygiene practices should be observed by those using the bathrooms.

scholarly journals Indonesian Capital Market Reaction To The Announcement Of A Recession Due To The Pandemic Covid-19

Academia Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vani Aryani ◽  
Nurasik
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Abnormal Return ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Volume Activity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Security Return ◽  
Average Abnormal Return ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

On November 5, 2020, Indonesia was declared a recession after the Central Statistics Agency announced that the Indonesian economy experienced a decline in the third quarter of 2020. The Indonesian economy experienced a decline in the third quarter of 2020, which was minus 3.49 percent. In the second quarter of 2020, the Indonesian economy was already minus 5.32 percent. The announcement of the recession event gave rise to various perceptions for capital market participants. So the purpose of this study is to find out and compare the differences in the average Abnormal Return, Trading Volume Activity, and Security Return Variability of IDX 30 issuers before and after the announcement of the recession due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method used is quantitative research with an event study approach. The type of data in this study is secondary data with data collection techniques using the documentation method. The sample used is IDX30 stock issuers on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period August 2020 - January 2021. The data analysis technique in this study is descriptive statistical analysis, paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results of this study indicate that: (1) there is a significant difference in the average abnormal return of IDX 30 issuers before and after the announcement of the recession due to the covid-19 pandemic. (2) there is a significant difference in the average Trading Volume Activity of IDX 30 issuers before and after the announcement of the recession due to the covid-19 pandemic. (3) there is no significant difference in the average Security Return Variability of IDX 30 issuers before and after the announcement of the recession due to the covid-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Survival of Neonectria fuckeliana in woody material

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 390-390
Author(s):  
A.J.M. Hopkins ◽  
M.A. Dick ◽  
I.G. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pathogen Survival ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Growth Loss ◽  
Neonectria Fuckeliana

In southern New Zealand Neonectria fuckeliana is associated with a stem flute canker of Pinus radiata which can result in severe stem malformation and growth loss This research consisting of three distinct experiments aimed to determine pathogen survival in processed and unprocessed wood and woody debris In the first experiment the survival of the pathogen in living trees was examined by sampling trees infected with N fuckeliana in 6 different years In the second experiment the survival of the pathogen in woody debris was examined using 36 infected logs in a range of sizeclasses The logs were left on the forest floor in shaded and unshaded conditions and sampled for N fuckeliana after 4 and 9 months The third experiment examined the survival of the pathogen in processed wood Boards cut from infected trees were tested in six standard timber drying treatments Boards were sampled before and after drying to determine the presence of living N fuckeliana Neonectria fuckeliana was successfully isolated from trees at all infection times tested The fungus was also successfully isolated from 81 of logs after 9 months on the forest floor There was no significant difference between shaded and unshaded treatments Neonectria fuckeliana was not found in any boards following kilndrying but was successfully isolated from 69 of infected boards subjected to the two standard airdrying treatments for 9 weeks

scholarly journals Anticariogenic potential of white cheese, xylitol chewing gum, and black tea

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinar Gul ◽  
Nilgun Akgul ◽  
Nilgun Seven
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
White Cheese ◽  
Plaque Ph ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tukey Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of these foods on plaque pH and the potential development of tooth decay. Materials and Methods: Plaque pH was measured using the sampling method before and after 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 min following consumption of these foods individually and after rinsing with a 10% sucrose solution. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference post hoc tests (α = 0.05). Results: Although there were statistically significant differences in all test groups except the BT (P = 0.620) and sucrose + XCG (P = 0.550) groups in time, none of the participants chosen for this study were having a plaque pH value anywhere close to the critical value (pH = 5.5). Conclusion: WC, BT, and XCG are advisable as anticariogenic foods because pH values are not below critical value.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary combinations on plaque pH recovery after the intake of pediatric liquid analgesics

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaam Saeed ◽  
Nada Bshara ◽  
Juliana Trak ◽  
Ghiath Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
P Value ◽  
Plaque Ph ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Difference Test

ABSTRACT Objectives: To study the effect of water, halloumi cheese and sugar-free (SF) chewing gum on plaque pH recovery after the intake of sweetened PLAs. Settings and Design: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 17 children (10 females, 7 males) aged 11–12 years with DFT/dft of more than 3. Materials and Methods: Each volunteer tested paracetamol and ibuprofen suspension alone or followed with water, halloumi cheese or SF gum, as well as 10% sucrose and 10% sorbitol as controls. Plaque pH was measured using the sampling method before and after 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 min of ingestion. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance followed by least significant difference test to assess minimum pH (min pH), maximum pH drop (ΔpH), and the area under baseline pH, and P value was set as 0.05. Results: Both ibuprofen and paracetamol were not significantly different from 10% sucrose in terms of min pH, ΔpH, and area under baseline pH except for min pH of ibuprofen (P = 0.034). Water and halloumi cheese did not have a significant effect on plaque pH recovery after the intake of both analgesics as min pH, ΔpH, and area under baseline pH were similar to 10% sucrose except for min pH of ibuprofen + water (P = 0.048). However, plaque pH variables after chewing SF gum for 20 min were similar to 10% sorbitol. Conclusion: Chewing SF gum immediately after the intake of sweetened PLAs for 20 min restores plaque pH and could be recommended as a complementary aid in caries prevention.

Paleomagnetism of the Whitestone Anorthosite and Diorite, the Grenville Polar Track, and Relative Motions of the Laurentian and Baltic Shields

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ueno ◽  
E. Irving ◽  
R. H. McNutt
Keyword(s):  
Regional Metamorphism ◽  
Domain Theory ◽  
Slow Cooling ◽  
Grenville Province ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Caledonian Orogeny ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Cooling Model

The Whitestone anorthosite and diorite are situated in the Grenville Structural Province north of Parry Sound, Ontario. They are intruded into sediments and igneous rocks, the whole being metamorphosed to amphibolite facies. Aside from soft magnetizations due to the present field four magnetizations are present, two owing to hematite, the third mainly to magnetite, and a fourth of uncertain source. It is argued that these are thermoremanent magnetizations acquired during very slow cooling following regional metamorphism in the interval 1100 to 1000 m.y. A single-stage cooling model based on Neel's single domain theory is developed, which suggests that the hematite magnetizations were acquired during slow cooling at about 240 °C and the magnetite magnetizations at about 200 °C. The poles from Whitestone rocks fall among a group of poles from elsewhere in the Grenville Province. There are serious problems in integrating these Grenville poles with those from other parts of the Canadian Shield, and three possible ways of relating them are evaluated. Poles from Grenville-type rocks from the Baltic Shield are near to the Grenville poles after correction is made for the late Phanerozoic opening of the Atlantic, showing that the relative positions of Laurentian and Baltic Shields before and after the Caledonian orogeny were very similar. There is however a small but significant difference, and this is attributed to Caledonian diastrophism.

scholarly journals Kelarutantumpatansementara Cavit dalamrendamansaliva buatan (Solubility of Cavit temporary filling immersed in artificial saliva)

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Juni Jekti Nugroho ◽  
Hasrul Husain
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Temporary Filling

A continuous temporary filling inside the mouth would expose acid produced by microorganism during fermentation ofcarbohydrate that would lower the pH of saliva. The aim of this research is to determine the variation on solubilitylevels of Cavit temporary filling immersed in artificial saliva with pH 4, 6, and 8. Samples were placed in tubecontainers with 2 mm in height and 7 mm in diameter. Samples were immersed in four different groups of artificialsaliva based on the pH, in which the first group was immersed in artificial saliva pH 4, the second in pH 6, the third inpH 8, and the fourth group was immersed in distilled water (pH 7). The results showed that after 7 day of immersion,there was a significant difference on solubility levels between the four groups of treatment (p<0.05). The data weretabulated and analyzed using one-way ANOVA and least significant difference (LSD). Therefore, it can be concludedthat pH can affect the solubility levels of Cavit temporary filling.

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