scholarly journals Intra-Testicular Papaverine Injection for Testicular Salvage after Blunt Testicular Trauma: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-112
Author(s):  
Kevin Keating ◽  
Paulette C. Dreher ◽  
Jason Levy ◽  
Brian McGreen ◽  
Daniel Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Primary Repair ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
Valuable Treatment ◽  
Testicular Trauma

Blunt trauma is the most common mechanism of injury to the scrotum and testicle. Surgical exploration with primary repair, hematoma evacuation, and de-torsion are common surgical interventions. A 20-year-old male with no previous medical history presented after a high-speed motor vehicle collision. Ultrasonography demonstrated heterogeneous changes of the tunica albuginea and decreased arterial flow to bilateral testicles. He was subsequently taken to the operating room for surgical exploration, which revealed bilateral mottled testes with questionable viability. Papaverine was injected into each testicle, which resulted in visibly increased perfusion and subsequent preservation of the testicles. Conclusion: Current evidence on the use of papaverine is isolated to testicular torsion. Additional research should be conducted on the use of papaverine in blunt testicular trauma. Papaverine injection may be a valuable treatment option when inadequate perfusion is observed intra-operatively.

scholarly journals Hepatothorax: A Rare Outcome of High-Speed Trauma

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Porcelli ◽  
Oksana Prychyna ◽  
Andrew Rosenthal ◽  
Joseph DeCostanza
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Penetrating Trauma ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Trauma Unit ◽  
Level I

Diaphragmatic ruptures are the result of severe blunt trauma or penetrating trauma. Motor vehicle crashes are a common mechanism associated with blunt diaphragmatic rupture (BDR). Incorporating diagnostic tools and laparotomy assist in the diagnosis and treatment of BDR. However, diagnosing BDR can be a challenge for practitioners. Early diagnosis and treatment improve the patient's outcomes. This paper details the events of a patient received in a level I trauma unit.

Diffuse Axonal Injury

Neurotrauma ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Hussein A. Zeineddine ◽  
Cole T. Lewis ◽  
Ryan S. Kitagawa
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
White Matter Tract ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tract Damage

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that results from a blunt head injury. In this particular subtype, accelerating-decelerating motions cause white matter tract damage and preferentially impact regions including the corpus callosum and brainstem. The neurological compromise therefore relates to the severity of the axonal insult. The most common mechanism for DAI is high-speed motor vehicle accidents, and the clinical presentation is typically out of proportion to the CT findings. As a result, MRI is the modality of choice. Currently, there are limited therapeutic options, and management is identical to other forms of TBI including intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure management. As this disease is heterogeneous, survivors have a wide range of functional outcomes.

scholarly journals Testicular Rupture Following Blunt Scrotal Trauma

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Derek Blok ◽  
Matthew Flannigan ◽  
Jeffrey Jones
Keyword(s):  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
Testicular Rupture ◽  
Testicular Trauma ◽  
Blunt Scrotal Trauma ◽  
Serious Injury ◽  
Scrotal Trauma

Testicular rupture after blunt scrotal trauma is characterized by rupture of the tunica albuginea and extrusion of seminiferous tubules. This is a serious injury and appropriate evaluation and management are necessary both for symptom control, but also for preservation of the testicle. Clinical examination of the scrotum following trauma is difficult and may result in incorrect triage of patients for surgical exploration. This case study describes the assessment and management of blunt testicular trauma in an adolescent lacrosse player.

scholarly journals Testicular Rupture or Testicular Fracture? A Case Report and Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Firas Addas ◽  
Sylvia Yan ◽  
Marios Hadjipavlou ◽  
Michael Gonsalves ◽  
Samer Sabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
Complete Rupture ◽  
Testicular Rupture ◽  
Testicular Trauma ◽  
Fracture Diagnosis

Testicular trauma is relatively uncommon. However, severe injuries can result in many complications and should be carefully diagnosed and managed. We present a case of testicular fracture diagnosis made by ultrasonography. The surgical exploration revealed the fracture as well as complete rupture of the tunica albuginea. Testicular rupture is the disruption of the tunica albuginea, while testicular fracture is a “break” in the testicular parenchyma. Management could be conservative in mild fracture cases without rupture while suspected or confirmed fracture should be treated by surgical exploration.

Left Hemidiaphragm Rupture Following High-Speed Motor Vehicle Crash

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 130-132
Author(s):  
Michelle Bittle ◽  
Eric Hoffer ◽  
Jeffrey D. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crash ◽  
Vehicle Crash ◽  
Left Hemidiaphragm

Traumatic Spinal Injuries in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Single-center Medical Record Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alsabieh
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Spinal Injuries ◽  
Medical Record Review ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Record Review

Introduction: The aim of this retrospective medical record review was to describe the patterns and outcomes of traumatic spinal injuries (TSIs) in a tertiary care trauma center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: Data of all patients who presented at a setting level-1 trauma center with any type of spinal trauma between February 1, 2016 and December 31, 2018 were review. The data obtained included age, gender, nationality (as Saudi and non-Saudi), date of presentation, site of fracture/injury, associated injuries, mechanism of injury, presence of neurological involvement, and hospital mortality. The main outcome of the review was frequencies of different types of TSI across various subgroups. Result: We identified 692 patients who presented with TSI during the study period. The mean age was 36.9 years. Males represented 83.2% (n = 576) of the sample size, and the most common mechanism of injury was motor vehicle collision (MVC), accounting for 66.8% of the cases (n = 462), while fall-related injuries were seen in 31.6% of the cases (n = 219). A total of 454 (65.6%) of all patients were Saudi, and 332 (73.1%) of the TSIs in Saudis were due to MVC. Non-Saudi cases accounted for 238 (34.4%) of all patients, and 89 (37.4%) of the non-Saudi injuries were due to falls from height, this association was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: TSI was not thoroughly examined in Saudi Arabia; therefore, this study is considered the first to be done in the Kingdom using a representative sample. The fact that non-Saudi patients had a higher proportion of falls as a mechanism of injury should be taken into consideration in terms of raising awareness and taking more safety precautions, as most construction workers tend to be expatriates.

Airbag Inflators

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Broadhead ◽  
D. Theodore Zinke
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Instrument Panel ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
National Highway Traffic Safety ◽  
Column Collapse ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract The design of an airbag restraint system presents a classic engineering challenge. There are numerous design parameters that need to be optimized to cover the wide range of occupant sizes, occupant positions and vehicle collision modes. Some of the major parameters that affect airbag performance include, the airbag inflator characteristics, airbag size and shape, airbag vent size, steering column collapse characteristics, airbag cover characteristics, airbag fold pattern, knee bolsters, seat, seat belt characteristics, and vehicle crush characteristics. Optimization of these parameters can involve extremely costly programs of sled tests and full scale vehicle crash tests. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) with regard to airbag design are not specific and allow flexibility in component characteristics. One design strategy, which is simplistic and inexpensive, is to utilize a very fast, high output gas generator (inflator). This ensures that the bag will begin restraining the occupant soon after deployment and can make up for deficiencies in other components such as inadequate steering column collapse or an unusually stiff vehicle crush characteristic. The use of such inflators generally works well for properly positioned occupants in moderate to high-speed frontal collisions by taking advantage of the principle of ridedown. When an airbag quickly fills the gap between the occupant and the instrument panel or steering wheel it links him to the vehicle such that he utilizes the vehicle’s front-end crush to help dissipate his energy, thus reducing the restraint forces. Unfortunately, powerful airbag systems can be injurious to anyone in the path of the deploying airbag. This hazard is present for short statured individuals, out of position children or any occupant in a collision that results in extra ordinary crash sensing time. Currently, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) is proposing to rewrite FMVSS 208 to help reduce such hazards.

Circumferential fracture of the skull base causing craniocervical dislocation

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Rao ◽  
Adam S. Arthur ◽  
Ronald I. Apfelbaum
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Craniocervical Junction ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Fractures of the craniocervical junction are common in victims of high-speed motor vehicle accidents; indeed, injury to this area is often fatal. The authors present the unusual case of a young woman who sustained a circumferential fracture of the craniocervical junction. Despite significant trauma to this area, she suffered remarkably minor neurological impairment and made an excellent recovery. Her injuries, treatment, and outcome, as well as a review of the literature with regard to injuries at the craniocervical junction, are discussed.

scholarly journals A Small Bowel Perforation in a Goalkeeper: A Case Report and Return to Play Progression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenzie Johnston ◽  
Tara A. Condon ◽  
Mario Ciocca ◽  
Alain Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Primary Repair ◽  
Bowel Perforation ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Small Bowel Perforation ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
High Level

Abstract Sports-related intra-abdominal injuries are rare and may be associated with significant morbidity if missed. We present the case of a 21-year-old male collegiate goalkeeper who suffered a small bowel perforation in practice after colliding with a teammate. This athlete underwent laparoscopic primary repair of his small bowel perforation, a relatively uncommon type of surgical intervention for this injury given that similar patients are typically treated via laparotomy. Due to rarity of small intestine injuries in sport, information regarding the success of surgical interventions and return to play (RTP) standards are lacking, let alone information on outcomes and return to sport following a laparoscopic repair. In this case report, we discuss the unique challenge of constructing a RTP protocol for this high-level athlete and propose a protocol for RTP following intra-abdominal injury treated laparoscopically.

scholarly journals Case Report: Double penile fracture

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1828
Author(s):  
Felipe Mercado-Olivares ◽  
J. Antonio Grandez-Urbina ◽  
Giomar Farfan-Daza ◽  
Juan Pacheco-Sauñe ◽  
Luciano Nuñez-Bragayrac
Keyword(s):  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Urethral Injury ◽  
Penile Shaft ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Penile Fracture ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
The Third ◽  
Corpora Cavernosa

Penile fracture is an underreported surgical emergency. It usually occurs as a single rupture of the tunica albuginea in one of two corpora cavernosa; a rupture of both masses is an uncommon finding. We report a case of a young male who presented to the emergency department two hours after sustaining penile trauma. Prompt surgical exploration was performed four hours post-injury. He was found to have one fracture on each corpora cavernosa, without urethral injury, which were repaired successfully. The patient had a favorable recovery and was discharged on the third postoperative day without complications. The aim of this report is to highlight the importance of complete degloving of the penile shaft for a meticulous search during surgery to avoid missed injuries. This approach will ensure a successful outcome avoiding physical and psychological disabilities.

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