scholarly journals Is There a Possible Association between Skeletal Face Types and Third Molar Impaction? A Retrospective Radiographic Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melek Tassoker ◽  
Hatice Kok ◽  
Sevgi Sener
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Maxillary Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Facial Types

Objective: Third molar impaction is seen much more than impaction of any other tooth as they are the last teeth to erupt. Inadequate retromolar space and the direction of eruption may be contributing factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between third molar impaction and different skeletal face types. Subjects and Methods: Panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs of 158 orthodontic patients (aged 19–25 years) were retrieved from the archived records of the Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Dentistry, Konya, Turkey. Third molar impaction was classified on the basis of Winter’s classification. The skeletal facial type was determined by a measure of the angle created by the lines Ba-Na and Pt-Gn. The mean was 90 ± 2 and this value was regarded as mesofacial. An angle of > 93° was regarded as brachyfacial and an angle of < 87° as dolichofacial. Results: The overall presence of mandibular and maxillary third molar impactions was 65.2 and 38.6%, respectively. Although there was a statistically significant difference between different skeletal facial types and mandibular third molar impaction (p < 0.05), no statistically significant differences were observed between different skeletal facial types and maxillary third molar impaction (p > 0.05). Brachyfacials demonstrated a lower prevalence of third molar impaction than dolichofacials. Conclusions: Different skeletal face types were associated with mandibular third molar impaction. Brachyfacials, who have a greater horizontal facial growth pattern than dolichofacials, showed a lower prevalence of impacted mandibular third molars.

scholarly journals The Frequency of Mandibular Third Molar Impaction in Different Types of Vertical Skeletal Faces

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Sana Viqar ◽  
◽  
Sadia Rizwan ◽  
Syed Shah Faisal ◽  
Syed Sheeraz Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Facial Types ◽  
Third Molar Eruption

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of mandibular third molar impaction in different vertical skeletal facial types. METHODOLOGY: Data was collected using pre-treatment records including orthodontic files, pre-treatment lateral cephalograms and OPGs of 90 orthodontic patients. Patients from both genders were included. The age group of selected patients was 18-30 years. Vertical skeletal malocclusion was measured using facial angle and mandibular plane angle on cephalogram to group the subjects into Mesiofacial, Brachyfacial and Dolichofacial patients. Third molar eruption status was assessed using OPG. RESULTS: Results showed that erupted third molars were mostly found in brachyfacial patients. Among 32 erupted mandibular third molars, 16 belong to brachyfacial, 11 belonged to mesiofacial and 5 belonged to dolichofacial group. Complete impaction of mandibular third molar was most common among dolichofacial patients. Among 29 completely impacted mandibular third molars, 14 belong to dolichofacial, 9 belonged to mesiofacial and 6 belonged to brachyfacial group. No significant difference was found for partially impacted third molars among the three groups of facial types. There was higher prevalence of mandibular third molar impaction in females as compared to males. CONCLUSION: Frequency of third molar impaction was found to be highest in dolichofacial patients and lowest in brachyfacial patients due to forward direction of mandibular growth contributing to greater resorption of the anterior border of ramus and the additional space required for third molar eruption.

scholarly journals Assessment of role of mandibular third molar in lower anterior crowding among orthodontic patients of Kathmandu Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Bashu Dev Pant ◽  
Anjana Rajbhandari ◽  
Resina Pradhan ◽  
Manju Bajracharya ◽  
Surendra Maharjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Crowding ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Introduction: Crowding in mandibular arch increases with increasing age and etiology of crowding is multifactorial in nature. Role of mandibular third molar in lower anterior crowding remains a topic of controvery over a period of century. The objective of this study was to assess whether there is any correlation between presence of mandibular third molar position and lower anterior crowding. Materials and Method: On the basis of third molar position one hundred and six sample of pretreatment orthodontic patients aged between 17 to 38 years were divided into erupted, erupting and agenesis group. The study was conducted in Peoples Dental College and Hospital from January 2020 to March 2020 after obtaining ethical approval from the institutional review committee. This cross-sectional study was done on dental casts and orthopantomogram; brass wire was used for measuring arch length and digital vernier caliper for measuring tooth material with modified segmental arch analysis method. Result: Among 106 samples collected 55 (51.88%) were female and 51(48.11%) were male and the mean age was 21.53 ± 3.91 years, Chi square and ANOVA test was used for Statistical analysis. This study showed no statistically significant differences between third molar position and lower anterior crowding on right (P= 0.68) and left side (P = 0.45). The study also showed that association between the third molar position and lower anterior crowding is more on left side compared to right side. Conclusion: Mandibular third molars have not statistically significant difference in lower anterior crowding so, extraction of third molars for relieving the anterior crowding is not justifiable

scholarly journals Influence of First Premolar Extraction on Mandibular Third Molar Angulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1143-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suruchi Jain ◽  
Ashima Valiathan
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Reference Plane ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Premolar Extraction ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
The Right

Abstract Objective: To compare the angular changes in the developing mandibular third molars in both first premolar extraction and nonextraction cases and to determine whether premolar extraction results in a more mesial movement of the mandibular buccal segment and causes favorable rotational changes in the mandibular third molar tilt, which can enhance later eruption of the third molars. Materials and Methods: Pretreatment (T1) and posttreatment (T2) panoramic radiographs were taken of 25 subjects who had been treated by the extraction of all the first premolars and 25 subjects who had been treated with nonextraction. The horizontal reference plane was used to measure and compare the changes in the angles of the developing mandibular third molars. Results: The mean uprighting of the mandibular third molars seen in the extraction group was 8.2 ± 5.4 degrees on the left side and 6.3 ± 6.5 degrees on the right side following treatment (T2 − T1). For the nonextraction group the mean difference was 1.3 ± 4.3 degrees on the left side and 1.7 ± 5.4 degrees on the right side. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (P = .012 on the right side and P &lt; .001 on the left side). Conclusions: Premolar extractions had a positive influence on the developing third molar angulations. Nonextraction therapy did not have any adverse effects.

scholarly journals The ability of orthodontists and maxillofacial surgeons in predicting spontaneous eruption of mandibular third molar using panoramic serial radiographs

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Mylena Ranieri Libdy ◽  
Nicole Melres Rabello ◽  
Leandro Silva Marques ◽  
David Normando
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Panoramic Analysis ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the skill of orthodontists and oral/maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS) in providing a prognosis of mandibular third molars spontaneously erupted, through follow-up panoramic analysis. Methods: 22 orthodontic patients treated without extraction, presenting spontaneously erupted mandibular third molars (n = 44) were analyzed through panoramic serial radiographs. The first panoramic radiograph was obtained just after orthodontic treatment (PR1), in patients aging from 13 to 19 years. A second panoramic radiograph (PR2), was obtained in average two years later. The radiographs were randomly analyzed by 54 specialists, 27 orthodontists and 27 OMFS, to obtain the opinion about the approach to be adopted to these teeth in PR1. Then, another opinion was collected by adding a serial radiograph (PR1+2). Results: The concordance of the answers was moderate for OMFS (Kappa 0.44; p< 0.0001) and significant for orthodontists (Kappa 0.39; p< 0.0001). In the analysis of the first radiograph (PR1) of the spontaneously erupted molars, OMFS indicated extraction in 44.5% of cases, while orthodontists indicated in 42%, with no difference between groups (p= 0.22). In PR1+2 analysis, orthodontists maintained the same level of extraction indication (45.6%, p= 0.08), while surgeons indicated more extractions (63.2%, p< 0.0001). Conclusions: Orthodontists and OMFS were not able to predict the eruption of the third molars that have erupted spontaneously. Both indicated extractions around half of the third molars. A follow-up analysis, including one more radiograph, did not improve the accuracy of prognosis among orthodontists and worsened for OMFS.

scholarly journals Mesial Migration Effect on Root Morphology of Mandibular Third Molars

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Altuğ Bıçakçı ◽  
Oral Sökücü ◽  
Hasan Babacan ◽  
H. Hüseyin Köşger
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Migration Effect ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Root Curvature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that there is a relationship between forward mandibular third molar migration and root curvature of the mandibular third molars. Materials and Methods: The study is comprised of 64 patients who had a history of unilateral mandibular first molar extraction before 16 years of age with no other missing teeth or prosthetic restorations in the mandible. The extraction space was fully or partly closed. The mean remaining space was 1.1 ± 0.41 mm. The root angles for the mesial and distal roots of the mandibular third molars were measured on the panoramic radiographs by calculating the differences between the angle formed by the long axis drawn perpendicular to the occlusal plane of the crown of mandibular third molar and the central line of the lower one ninth of the root through the root apex. The differences between the extracted and nonextracted sides for mesial and distal roots were analyzed using a paired sample t-test. Results: Both mesial and distal roots were approximately 8° more vertical on the extraction sides than on the nonextraction sides. The differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: Mesial tooth migration of mandibular third molars reduces the amount of root curvature developing on this tooth.

scholarly journals Sensitivity and Specificity of Mandibular Third Molar Calcification at Chronological Age and Hand Wrist Maturation Stage to Discriminate Between Female and Male at Pubertal Growth Period

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 551-557
Author(s):  
Endah Mardiati ◽  
Ira Komara ◽  
Himawan Halim ◽  
Dikdik Kurnia ◽  
Ani Melani Maskoen
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stage D

Background: The mandibular third molar is the last tooth that is not completely developed by the time pubertal growth has been finished. Maturation of the mandibular third molar is one of the physiological maturation indicators that can be used to determine the stage of pubertal growth. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of mandibular third molar calcification at chronological age and hand wrist maturation stage to discriminate between female and male at pubertal growth period. Methods: It is a retrospective study with a cross-sectional approach using panoramic and hand-wrist digital radiographs of 279 females and 144 males, age 8-17 years, with a total of 423 panoramic radiographs and 423 hand-wrist radiographs. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel Mega Stat. ANOVA to analyze the differences between mandibular third molar calcification at chronological age and hand-wrist maturation stage, and t-test was used to analyze the differences between females and males. Spearman rank correlation was used for the analysis of the correlation between mandibular third molar calcification with chronological age and hand-wrist maturation stage; sensitivity and specificity were used to discriminate the pubertal growth period between mandibular third molar calcification and hand-wrist maturation stage. Results: There were significant differences found in mandibular third molar crown maturation stage B and C, but no significant difference was observed between mandibular third molar stage A, D, E, F, G and H, between females and males. The highest percentage of mandibular third molar crown formation in females was observed at stage D (6.68%) at MP3u, and in males, it was observed at stage D (8.83%) at SMI-4. The highest percentage of root formation in females was stage E (8.24%) at the SMI-10 stage, and males stage F (4.86%) at MP3u. The correlation was observed between mandibular third molar calcification with hand-wrist, females 0.22 and males 0.43, and chronological age 0.60 for females and 0.69 for males. The highest sensitivity of mandibular third molar calcification of 97.0% was observed in female at SMI-4 of hand-wrist maturation with specificity of 100%, while in male, a sensitivity of 94.5% was observed at SMI-2 stage with a specificity of 99.99%. Conclusion: There were significant differences found in mandibular third molar calcification between females and males except for stage B and stage C; weak correlation was observed between mandibular third molar calcification and hand-wrist, and moderate correlation was observed with chronological age. The sensitivity and specificity in females and males indicate that mandibular third molar calcification is only useful for diagnosing the pre-pubertal growth phase.

scholarly journals Frequency of mandibular third molar surgical impactions in orthodontic patients with different antegonial notching

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Muhammad Mudassar Saleem ◽  
Zubair Hassan Awaisi ◽  
Muhammad Imran Saleh ◽  
Zubair Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
P Value ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Inferior Border ◽  
Medical University

Background: Few studies have been reported so far on the frequency of lower third molar impactions in patients with different morphological characteristics. Our aim in this study was to find out the frequency of impacted lower third molars in orthodontic patients with different antegonial notch depths. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted at Orthodontics Department of Dental Section, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, and de’Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan from June 2017 to June 2019. A total of 60 orthopantomograms (OPGs) of patients with impacted lower third molars were included. The depth of antegonial notch was calculated on all the selected OPGs by measuring distance between the deepest area of the notch cavity and the tangent on the inferior border of the mandible. The patients with depth of antegonial notch of 1 mm or less were labeled as having shallow antegonial notch, while those with 3 mm or more were considered as having deep antegonial notch. Percentages and mean + SD were calculated for different variables. Depth of antegonial notching was compared between genders using ANOVA with P-value <0.5 considered as significant. Results: Of 60 orthodontic patients, there was an equal number of male and female patients (n=30). The average age of the patients was 25.5±4 years. Overall frequency of impactions was similar in both the genders and frequency of impacted lower third molars was found to be greater in patients with deeper antegonial notches. Conclusion: Mandibular third molar impactions were most frequent in orthodontic patients with deep antegonial notches

scholarly journals Risk of lingual nerve injuries in removal of mandibular third molars: a retrospective case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Itaru Tojyo ◽  
Takashi Nakanishi ◽  
Yukari Shintani ◽  
Kenjiro Okamoto ◽  
Yukihiro Hiraishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Lingual Nerve ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nerve Injuries ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Injury Group ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Lingual Nerve Injuries

Abstract Background Through the analysis of clinical data, we attempted to investigate the etiology and determine the risk of severe iatrogenic lingual nerve injuries in the removal of the mandibular third molar. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed for patients who had undergone microsurgical repair of lingual nerve injuries. The following data were collected and analyzed: patient sex, age, nerve injury side, type of impaction (Winter’s classification, Pell and Gregory’s classification). Ratios for the respective lingual nerve injury group data were compared with the ratios of the respective data for the control group, which consisted of data collected from the literature. The data for the control group included previous patients that encountered various complications during the removal of the mandibular third molar. Results The lingual nerve injury group consisted of 24 males and 58 females. The rate of female patients with iatrogenic lingual nerve injuries was significantly higher than the control groups. Ages ranged from 15 to 67 years, with a mean age of 36.5 years old. Lingual nerve injury was significantly higher in the patient versus the control groups in age. The lingual nerve injury was on the right side in 46 and on the left side in 36 patients. There was no significant difference for the injury side. The distoangular and horizontal ratios were the highest in our lingual nerve injury group. The distoangular impaction rate in our lingual nerve injury group was significantly higher than the rate for the control groups. Conclusion Distoangular impaction of the mandibular third molar in female patients in their 30s, 40s, and 50s may be a higher risk factor of severe lingual nerve injury in the removal of mandibular third molars.

scholarly journals Calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor in radiologically normal dental follicular space of mandibular third molars: report of two cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gargi S. Sarode ◽  
Sachin C. Sarode ◽  
Ghevaram Prajapati ◽  
Mahesh Maralingannavar ◽  
Shankargouda Patil
Keyword(s):  
Cell Transformation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Odontogenic Tumor ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
Odontogenic Epithelium ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Two cases of calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (CCOT) of the dental follicle in an impacted third molar without clinical and radiological evidence are reported during routine histopathological examination. In both the cases left mandibular third molar was mesioangularly impacted with pericoronal radiolucency of less than 2.5 mm, which was not indicative of any pathology. As a routine protocol (which is not practiced widely) of our institution, dental follicles associated with extracted molars were sent for histopathological examination. Histopathological features were consistent with CCOT with pathognomonic ghost cell transformation of odontogenic epithelium. The patients were followed for one year with no recurrence. This paper emphasizes the importance of routine histopathological examination of dental follicles associated with asymptomatic impacted teeth without any clinical or radiographic evidence of follicular lesion.

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