scholarly journals Relation between Early Over- and Undertreatment and Behavioural Problems in Preadolescent Children with Congenital Hypothyroidism

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacoba J. Bongers-Schokking ◽  
Wilma C.M. Resing ◽  
Wilma Oostdijk ◽  
Yolanda B. de Rijke ◽  
Sabine M.P.F. de Muinck Keizer-Schrama
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Child Behaviour ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Steady State Concentration ◽  
Child Behaviour Checklist ◽  
Teacher’S Report Form ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
State Concentration

Objective: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) per se, when not treated or undertreated, may lead to severe behavioural problems (cretinism), whereas overtreatment of CH seems associated with attention problems. Design and Methods: For 55 CH patients, prospectively followed from birth until 11 years, parents rated the Child Behaviour Checklist and teachers the Teacher’s Report Form at children’s ages 6 and 11 years. We related scores regarding Attention, Delinquency, and Aggression (ADA scores, indicative for attention deficit hyperactivity syndrome, ADHD), and scores regarding Withdrawn, Anxious, Social, and Thought problems (WAST scores, indicative for autism) to the occurrence of over- and undertreatment in five age periods. Over- and undertreatment were defined as free thyroxine (fT4) concentrations above/below the range of the patient’s individual fT4 steady state concentration. Results: ADA scores at 6 and 11 years for patients overtreated in the period 1–3 months postnatally were higher than those for patients who were not overtreated. Patients with severe CH undertreated in the period 3–6 months postnatally had higher WAST scores at 6 and 11 years than all other patients. Conclusions: This is the first study suggesting that permanent ADHD as well as autism in CH patients at ages 6 and 11 years are the result of early overtreatment and undertreatment, respectively.

Headache and Recurrent Abdominal Pain: A Controlled Study by the Means Of The Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL)

Cephalalgia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Galli ◽  
G D'Antuono ◽  
S Tarantino ◽  
F Viviano ◽  
O Borrelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Recurrent Abdominal Pain ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Child Behaviour ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Psychological Profile ◽  
Child Behaviour Checklist ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
International Systems

Headache and recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) are common disorders in children and adolescents, frequently referred to paediatricians. Both disorders show similarities in trigger and comorbid factors, their burden on family and individual life, and a paroxysmal trend with risks of chronicization over time. However, very few studies have compared directly headache and RAP. The main aim of this study was to compare the psychological profile of headache and RAP patients vs. healthy controls. A total of 210 children and adolescents [99 boys, 111 girls; age range 4-18 years; mean age (m.a.) = 11.04, SD 4.05] were assessed: 70 headache patients (m.a. 12.4 years; SD 2.9; F = 35, M = 35), 70 RAP patients (m.a. 9 years; SD 3.6; F = 30, M = 40) and 70 controls (m.a. 11.7 years; SD 4.6; F = 46, M = 24). The diagnoses had been made according to international systems of classification both for headache (ICHD-II criteria) and RAP (Rome II criteria). The psychological profile had been made according to the Child Behaviour Checklist 4-18 (CBCL). ANOVA one-way analysis was used to compare CBCL scales and subscales between groups. Headache and RAP showed a very similar trend vs. control for the main scales of the CBCL, with a statistically significant tendency to show problems in the Internalizing scale (anxiety, mood and somatic complaints) and no problems in the Externalizing (behavioural) scale. Only for the Attention Problems subscale migraineurs showed a significant difference compared with RAP. In conclusion, headache and RAP show a very similar psychological profile that should be considered not only for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, but also from the aetiological aspect.

A Prospective Study of Childhood Emotional and Behavioural Problems in Port Pirie, South Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Sawyer ◽  
Jane Mudge ◽  
Vanessa Carty ◽  
Peter Baghurst ◽  
Anthony McMichael
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Child Behaviour ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Emotional And Behavioural Problems ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Objective: To describe the extent to which emotional and behavioural problems experienced by 5-year-old children living in or around Port Pirie, South Australia, persisted when the children were aged 11–12 years. Method: Childhood emotional and behavioural problems were identified at the age of 5 years using Child Behaviour Checklists completed by mothers. When the children were aged 11–12 years, problems were identified using checklists completed by mothers, children and teachers. Results: Attention problems, aggressive behaviour and anxious/depressed problems were the most persistent problems over this period of the children's lives. In general, the strongest relationship over time occurred when reports were obtained from mothers on each occasion. A weaker relationship existed between earlier mother-reported problems and later teacher-reported problems, while the relationship between mother-reported problems and later self-reported problems occupied an intermediate position. Conclusion: The course of problems among children in Port Pirie appeared similar to that previously reported for children in Holland and North America. To better understand the aetiology of psychiatric disorders and to plan for effective interventions, more information is needed about the natural course of childhood emotional and behavioural disorders in Australia.

Conduct Problems Across Home and School

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Little ◽  
Alan Hudson ◽  
Ray Wilks
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Child Behaviour ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Child Behaviour Checklist ◽  
School Settings ◽  
School Sample ◽  
Teacher Report Form ◽  
Home And School ◽  
At Home

AbstractMany children are reported by parents to exhibit problems of conduct at home, and similarly many children are reported by teachers to exhibit conduct problems at school. Surprisingly, very little research has examined the extent to which children exhibit behavioural problems in the clinical range at both home and school. The current study examined the co-occurrence of problems at home and school in a sample of 189 children in schools in Victoria. The total sample consisted of (a) 124 children whose parents responded to invitations to participate distributed through schools, and (b) 65 children who had been referred to various agencies because of conduct problems. The occurrence of problems at home was assessed using the Child Behaviour Checklist (Achenbach & Edelbrock, 1983), and problems at school were assessed using the Teacher Report Form (Achenbach & Edelbrock, 1986). For the school sample, 7 children (5.6%) exhibited conduct problems in both settings (scores in the borderline/ clinical range), with 27 children (21.7%) exhibiting them in one setting only. For the clinic sample, 39 children (60.0%) exhibited problems in both settings, with 21 children (32.3%) exhibiting them in one setting only. The results of this study indicate the need for interventions that can be used consistently across home and school settings, as well as independently in single settings when warranted.

Divergent effects of intravenous GSH and cysteine on renal and hepatic GSH

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (2) ◽  
pp. R348-R352 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Aebi ◽  
B. H. Lauterburg
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Therapeutic Use ◽  
Steady State Concentration ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
State Concentration ◽  
Cellular Thiol

There is a growing interest in the therapeutic use of sulfhydryls. To assess the effect of glutathione (GSH) and cysteine on the cellular thiol status, thiols were administered intravenously to rats in doses ranging from 1.67 to 8.35 mmol/kg with and without pretreatment with 4 mmol/kg buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of GSH synthesis. One hour after administration of 1.67 mmol/kg GSH, the concentration of GSH rose from 5.2 +/- 1.0 to 8.4 +/- 0.9 mumol/g and from 2.5 +/- 0.5 to 3.7 +/- 0.7 mumol/g in liver and kidneys, respectively. After 8.35 mmol/kg, hepatic GSH did not increase further, but renal GSH rose to 6.7 +/- 1.8 mumol/g. Infusion of cysteine increased hepatic GSH to the same extent as intravenous GSH, but renal GSH did not increase after 1.67 mmol/kg and even significantly decreased to 0.6 +/- 0.2 mumol/g after 8.35 mmol/kg. In the presence of BSO, GSH resulted in a significant increase in renal but not hepatic GSH, suggesting that the kidneys take up intact GSH and indicating that the increment in hepatic GSH was due to de novo synthesis. The present data show that hepatic GSH can be markedly increased in vivo by increasing the supply of cysteine. Measurements of hepatic cysteine indicate that up to a concentration of approximately 0.5 mumol/g cysteine is a key determinant of hepatic GSH, such that the physiological steady-state concentration of GSH in the liver appears to be mainly determined by the availability of cysteine. At higher concentrations GSH does not increase further, possibly due to feedback inhibition of GSH synthesis or increased efflux.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Effect of oxidative stress during imbibition of soybean embryonic axes

1994 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Puntarulo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Steady State ◽  
External Medium ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Steady State Concentration ◽  
Embryonic Axes ◽  
State Concentration

SynopsisBoth respiration and generation by soybean embryonic axes showed a sharp increase upon germination, leading to a significant increase in the steady-state concentration of and H2O2 after 6 h of imbibition. An assay was developed to assess in vivo generation of reactive oxygen species, based upon DCFH-DA oxidation. Fluorescence of the external medium was dependent on reaction time and axes number and was inhibited by catalase.α-Tocopherol content declined significantly after 24 h of incubation, as compared to the content at the onset of germination. Incubation in the presence of redox cycling agent paraquat (4 mM) for 24 h increased α-tocopherol content to 1.9±0.2 nmol per axis from 1.0 ± 0.1 nmol per axis in the absence of paraquat. Supplementation of the incubation medium with 500 μM Fe-EDTA increased α-tocopherol content to 1.8±0.1 nmol/axis and DCFH-DA oxidation by two-fold.The data presented here showed that active metabolism at the onset of germination increased steady-state concentration of oxygen active species and suggest that cellular content of α-tocopherol is physiologically adjusted as a response to conditions of oxidative stress.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document