Waterpipe Smoking Is Associated with Changes in Fibrinogen, FVII, and FVIII Levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel Rahim Mahmoud Muddathir ◽  
Mozfar Idrees Abd Alla ◽  
Omar F. Khabour
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Waterpipe Smoking ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Cigarette smoking has been shown to be associated with changes in coagulation factors in the circulation and the subsequent thrombosis development. In this study, the impact of waterpipe smoking on the levels of fibrinogen, factor VII (FVII), and factor VIII (FVIII) was investigated. In addition, the effects of waterpipe smoking were compared to those of cigarette smoking and never smokers. A total of 80 male smokers (40 cigarette smokers and 40 waterpipe smokers) and 40 apparently healthy never smokers were recruited in the study. Both waterpipe smoking and cigarette smoking induced significant increases in the plasma levels of fibrinogen, factor VII, and factor VIII (p < 0.01). The magnitude of the increase in fibrinogen levels induced by waterpipe smoking was higher than that induced by cigarette smoking (p < 0.01), while similar increases were observed in other factors (p > 0.05). In addition, in the waterpipe group, the magnitude of the increase in fibrinogen and factor VIII was higher in the smokers with more than 3 years of use (p < 0.05). In conclusion, similar to cigarette smoking, waterpipe smoking modulates the levels of coagulation factors, suggesting its thrombotic potential.

scholarly journals Differences in Levels of Biomarkers of Potential Harm among Users of a Heat-not-burn Tobacco Product, Cigarette Smokers, and Never-Smokers in Japan: A Post-Marketing Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikako Sakaguchi ◽  
Yasufumi Nagata ◽  
Akira Kikuchi ◽  
Yuki Takeshige ◽  
Naoki Minami
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Post Marketing ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Cigarette smoking is associated with the risk of certain diseases, but non-combustible products may lower these risks. The potential long-term health effects of the next-generation non-combustible products (heat-not-burn tobacco products (HNBP) or electronic vapor products) have not been thoroughly studied. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of biomarkers of potential harm (BoPH) of one of HNBP (a novel vapor product: NTV), under the conditions of actual use. Methods This study was an observational, cross-sectional, three-group, multi-center study. Exclusive NTV users (NTV, n = 259), conventional cigarette smokers (CC, n = 100) and never-smokers (NS, n=100) were enrolled. Biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure (cotinine and total NNAL) and BoPH including parameters of physical pulmonary functions relevant to smoking-related diseases were examined, and subjects answered a questionnaire on cough-related symptoms (J-LCQ) and health-related quality of life (SF-36v2®). Results Levels of cotinine, total NNAL and BoPH (HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, sICAM-1, WBC count, 11-DHTXB2, 2,3-d-TXB2, 8-epi-PGF2α, FEV1, %FEV1 and FEF25-75) were significantly different in the NTV group as compared to levels in CC group (p&lt;0.05). Significantly higher levels of cotinine, total NNAL, and 2,3-d-TXB2, and lower levels of FEV1 and %FEV1, were observed among NVT users compared to the NS group. Conclusion In a post-marketing study under actual use conditions, BoPH associated with smoking-related disease examined in exclusive NTV users were found to be favorably different from those of CC smokers, a finding attributable to a reduction in exposure to harmful substances of tobacco smoke. Implications Cigarette smoking is associated with increased risk of pulmonary diseases like COPD, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers. There is a growing body of evidence that HNBP reduces the exposure associated with smoking and that there is a favorable change in BoPH. However, long-term effects regarding the relative health risks to HNBP users compared to CC smokers have not been examined. This study provides post-marketing data under actual use conditions of the effects on biomarkers of potential harm in NTV, one of HNBP, exclusive users compared to CC smokers and never-smokers. The evidence suggests that exclusive NTV users have favorable levels of BoPH compared to CC smokers, and that is result from a sustained reduction in exposure to harmful substances of tobacco smoke.

Coagulation Findings in Rats with Experimental Hypersplenism and Their Changes after Splenectomy and after Administration of Adrenaline

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 593-600
Author(s):  
P Pudlák ◽  
I Farská ◽  
V Brabec ◽  
V Pospíšilová
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
Recalcification Time

Summary1. The following coagulation changes were found in rats with experimental hypersplenism: a mild prolongation of the recalcification time, shortened times in Quick’s test, a lowered activity in plasma thrombin time and shortened times in the partial thromboplastin test. Concentrations of factor II, V, VII (+X), VIII and X did not differ from those of normal control rats.2. The administration of adrenaline to hypersplenic rats induced the correction of the partial thromboplastin test, Quick’s test and plasma thrombin time to normal values. Concentrations of coagulation factors were not significantly changed. An increase was found in factor V.3. Splenectomy performed in hypersplenic rats was followed by a shortened recalcification time, a prolongation of the partial thromboplastin test and of the test with partial thromboplastin and kaolin. A prolongation was also observed in Quick’s test. Complete correction of plasma thrombin time was not observed. The concentration of factor VII increased.4. The administration of adrenaline to splenectomized rats with experimental hypersplenism did not induce any significant changes with the exception of a corrected plasma thrombin time and a decreased concentration of factor VIII.5. A different reaction of factor VIII to adrenaline in normal and hypersplenic rats is pointed out.

Abstract P204: Tobacco Use And The AHA 2030 Impact Goals: A Simulation

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Levy ◽  
Sydney L Goldberg ◽  
Emily P Hyle ◽  
Krishna P Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The Us ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
The Impact

Background: The AHA’s 2030 Impact Goals seek to increase population health-adjusted life expectancy (LE) by 2y. Tobacco is a top contributor to all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We estimated the potential contribution of improved tobacco control to achieve the 2030 Impact Goals in the US. Methods: We used the validated STOP microsimulation model with NHIS estimates of age- and sex-stratified mortality and CVD incidence to project changes in LE, as well as 10y, 20y, and lifetime CVD cumulative incidence, if cigarette smoking declined among the current US population. We assessed the impact of preventing initiation (current v never smokers) or increasing cessation (current v former smokers) at different ages. To examine the maximum impact of population-wide cessation, we projected changes in population LE and CVD incidence if smoking prevalence among those ≥20yo went immediately to 0%. Results: Preventing smoking initiation increases LE by 10.2y (men [M]) and 9.1y (women [W]) and reduces lifetime CVD incidence by 16.8% (M) and 26.2% (W) compared to lifetime smoking. Even cessation at age 60 extends LE by 3.7y (M) and 2.5y (W) and reduces 10y CVD incidence by 39.1% (M) and 59.4% (W) (Table). Total elimination of cigarette smoking in the 2020 US population aged ≥20y (e.g. by outlawing cigarettes) would increase the cohort LE by 0.4 (M) and 0.2 (W) years and reduce 20y CVD incidence by 6.0% (M) and 7.0% (W). Conclusion: Preventing smoking initiation offers the greatest benefit, but cessation at any age substantially improves LE and reduces CVD risk. The modest potential contribution of tobacco elimination to achieving the 2030 Impact Goals is due to already low smoking prevalence: <14% (projected) in 2020.

scholarly journals Total Count of White Blood Cells in Adult Male Smokers

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Montasir Islam ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin ◽  
Shameema Begum ◽  
Dilruba Akther ◽  
Abedur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Total Count ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
One Year ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The present study was carried out to observe the changes in total count in WBC in cigarette smokers. The study population consisted of 105 adult male smokers and non-smokers, aged 20~40 years, from different socio-economic classes. Among them, 30 apparently healthy non-smokers were taken as control. 75 apparently healthy smokers, who had the history of smoking of one or more cigarette per day, regularly for at least last one year, were taken as the study group. Smokers were again subdivided into three categories according to the number of cigarettes they consumed per day. For statistical analysis unpaired ‘t' test was used for comparison. Mean ± SD of Total count of WBC in non smokers and smokers were 7501.66 ± 929.4 /mm3 and 9171.3 ± 1037.7/mm3 respectively. Smokers had significantly (P<0.001) higher WBC counts than non-smokers. In addition, WBC count was found increased with intensity of smoking. The smokers who were smoking e 20 cigarettes per day had the higher total WBC count than those who were smoking lesser. The findings of the present study suggest that cigarette smoking may cause increased the total count of WBC, which may predict high risk for some fatal diseases. Key words: Cigarette Smoking; White Blood Cell; Adult Male DOI:10.3329/jbsp.v2i0.985 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2007 Dec;(2): 49-53

scholarly journals Exposure to Point-of-Sale Marketing of Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes as Predictors of Smoking Cessation Behaviors

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale S Mantey ◽  
Keryn E Pasch ◽  
Alexandra Loukas ◽  
Cheryl L Perry
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cue Reactivity ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Cigarette Advertising ◽  
Advertising Exposure ◽  
Cigarette Cessation ◽  
Product Displays ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Cue-reactivity theory suggests that smoking-related visual cues such as point-of-sale (POS) marketing (eg, advertising, product displays) may undermine cessation attempts by causing an increase in nicotine cravings among users. This study examined the relationship between recall of exposure to POS marketing and subsequent cessation behaviors among young adult cigarette smokers. Methods Participants included 813, 18–29 year old (m = 21.1, SD = 2.70), current cigarette smokers attending 24 Texas colleges. Multivariable logistic regression models examined the impact of baseline self-reported exposure to cigarette and e-cigarette advertising and product displays, on using e-cigarettes for cessation and successful cigarette cessation at 6-month follow-up. Two-way interactions between product-specific advertising and between product-specific displays were examined to determine if the marketing of one product strengthened the cue reactivity of the other. Baseline covariates included sociodemographic factors, past quit attempts, intentions to quit smoking, and nicotine dependence. Results Exposure to e-cigarette displays was associated with lower odds of cigarette smoking cessation, controlling for covariates and conventional cigarette display exposure. E-cigarette advertising was positively associated with the use of e-cigarettes for cigarette cessation among participants exposed to low (ie, at least 1 SD below the mean) levels of cigarette advertising. Cigarette advertising was associated with the use of e-cigarettes for cigarette cessation only among those exposed to low levels of e-cigarette advertising. Exposure to cigarette displays was not associated with either outcome. Conclusion Smoking-related cues at POS may undermine successful cigarette cessation. Exposure to product displays decrease odds of cessation. Advertising exposure increased odds for using e-cigarettes for cessation attempts, but may have guided smokers towards an unproven cessation aid. Implications By examining the interaction of conventional cigarette and e-cigarette marketing exposure, this study adds a unique insight into the impact of retail tobacco marketing on cigarette smoking cessation behavior among young adults. These findings suggest that policies that balance encouraging cigarette smoking cessation while limiting marketing strategies should be considered, such as POS product displays, that may undermine successful cessation attempts.

scholarly journals Immunologic Identification of Tissue Factor (Thromboplastin) Synthesized by Cultured Fibroblasts

Blood ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo R. Zacharski ◽  
Leon W. Hoyer ◽  
O. Ross McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Procoagulant Activity ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Cultured Fibroblasts ◽  
Procoagulant Effect ◽  
Tissue Thromboplastin ◽  
Thromboplastin Factor

Abstract Immunologic methods were employed in an attempt to identify a potent procoagulant present in homogenates of human skin fibroblasts cultured in vitro. The activity of this procoagulant was restricted to the early stages of coagulation and was heretofore considered to be due to tissue factor (tissue thromboplastin, factor III) either alone or in combination with one or more of the first-stage coagulation factors (VIII, IX, XI, XII). The present studies demonstrated that procoagulant activity was not diminished by incubation with anti-VIII or anti-IX antibodies of human origin or with anti-VIII antibody of rabbit origin. Furthermore, cell culture homogenates failed to bind antifactor VIII antibody and did not contain an inhibitor of the reaction between factor VIII and its antibody. By contrast, procoagulant activity was obliterated by an antibody to tissue factor protein regardless of whether plasmas deficient in factor VIII, IX, XI, or XII were used in the assay system. The antitissue factor antibody failed to block the procoagulant effect after tissue factor had complexed factor VII. The procoagulant, therefore, consisted entirely of tissue factor.

scholarly journals E-Cigarette Use and Future Cigarette Initiation Among Never Smokers and Relapse Among Former Smokers in the PATH Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 528-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert McMillen ◽  
Jonathan D. Klein ◽  
Karen Wilson ◽  
Jonathan P. Winickoff ◽  
Susanne Tanski
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Never Smokers

Objectives: Any potential harm-reduction benefit of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) could be offset by nonsmokers who initiate e-cigarette use and then smoke combustible cigarettes. We examined correlates of e-cigarette use at baseline with combustible cigarette smoking at 1-year follow-up among adult distant former combustible cigarette smokers (ie, quit smoking ≥5 years ago) and never smokers. Methods: The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal study, surveyed 26 446 US adults during 2 waves: 2013-2014 (baseline) and 2014-2015 (1-year follow-up). Participants completed an audio computer-assisted interview in English or Spanish. We compared combustible cigarette smoking at 1-year follow-up by e-cigarette use at baseline among distant former combustible cigarette smokers and never smokers. Results: Distant former combustible cigarette smokers who reported e-cigarette past 30-day use (9.3%) and ever use (6.7%) were significantly more likely than those who had never used e-cigarettes (1.3%) to have relapsed to current combustible cigarette smoking at follow-up ( P < .001). Never smokers who reported e-cigarette past 30-day use (25.6%) and ever use (13.9%) were significantly more likely than those who had never used e-cigarettes (2.1%) to have initiated combustible cigarette smoking ( P < .001). Adults who reported past 30-day e-cigarette use (7.0%) and ever e-cigarette use (1.7%) were more likely than those who had never used e-cigarettes (0.3%) to have transitioned from never smokers to current combustible cigarette smokers ( P < .001). E-cigarette use predicted combustible cigarette smoking in multivariable analyses controlling for covariates. Conclusions: Policies and counseling should consider the increased risk for nonsmokers of future combustible cigarette smoking use as a result of using e-cigarettes and any potential harm-reduction benefits e-cigarettes might bring to current combustible cigarette smokers.

scholarly journals Cannabis use among a nationally representative cross-sectional sample of smokers and non-smokers in the Netherlands: results from the 2015 ITC Netherlands Gold Magic Survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. E024497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Vincent Fix ◽  
Danielle Smith ◽  
Richard O’Connor ◽  
Bryan W Heckman ◽  
Marc C Willemsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Nicotine Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Current Cigarette ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Current Tobacco

ObjectivesExisting evidence shows that co-occurring use of tobacco and cannabis is widespread. Patterns of co-use of tobacco and cannabis may change as more jurisdictions legalise medicinal and/or recreational cannabis sales. This analysis examined predictors of current cannabis use and characterised methods of consumption among smokers and non-smokers in a context where cannabis use is legal.SettingThe 2015 International Tobacco Control Netherlands—Gold Magic Survey conducted between July and August 2015.ParticipantsParticipants (n=1599; 1003 current smokers, 283 former smokers and 390 non-smokers) were asked to report their current (past 30-day) use of cigarettes and cannabis. Cigarette smokers reported whether they primarily used factory made of roll-your-own cigarettes. Those who reported any cannabis use in the last 30 days were asked about forms of cannabis used. X2and logistic regression analyses were used to assess relationships among combustible tobacco and cannabis use.ResultsPast 30-day cannabis use was somewhat higher among current tobacco (or cigarette) smokers (n=57/987=5.8%) than among former or never smokers (n=10/288=3.5% and n=6/316=1.9%, respectively). Joints were the most commonly used form of cannabis use for both current cigarette smokers (96.9%) and non-smokers (76.5%). Among those who smoked cannabis joints, 95% current smokers and 67% of non-smokers reported that they ‘always’ roll cannabis with tobacco.ConclusionsIn this Netherlands-based sample, most cannabis was reported to be consumed via smoking joints, most often mixed with tobacco. This behaviour may present unique health concerns for non-cigarette smoking cannabis users, since tobacco use could lead to nicotine dependence. Moreover, many non-cigarette smoking cannabis users appear to be misclassified as to their actual tobacco/nicotine exposure.

scholarly journals Novel Associations of Multiple Genetic Loci With Plasma Levels of Factor VII, Factor VIII, and von Willebrand Factor

Circulation ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 121 (12) ◽  
pp. 1382-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas L. Smith ◽  
Ming-Huei Chen ◽  
Abbas Dehghan ◽  
David P. Strachan ◽  
Saonli Basu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Genetic Loci ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Novel Associations

The Effects of Age and Cigarette-Smoking on Blood and Plasma Viscosity in Men

1980 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. O. Lowe ◽  
M. M. Drummond ◽  
C.D. Forbes ◽  
J. C. Barbenel
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Young Smokers ◽  
Apparently Healthy

We measured blood viscosity and its major determinants (haematocrit, plasma fibrinogen and plasma viscosity) in 90 apparently healthy men aged 16 to 80 years. Cigarette-smokers (n=45) had higher levels of blood viscosity, haematocrit and fibrinogen (p<0.001) and plasma viscosity (p<0.025) than non-smokers (n=45). Blood viscosity was still higher in smokers after correction to a standard haematocrit (p<0.02). Fibrinogen, corrected blood viscosity and plasma viscosity rose with age in both groups, but young smokers had prematurely elevated levels of these variables and less pronounced rises with age. These results show that age and cigarette-smoking must be considered in studies of blood and plasma viscosity, and provide further evidence for an association between viscosity and arterial disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document