Fatty Acids and Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Breast Milk: Physiological Significance and Factors Affecting Their Concentrations

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
Ardythe L. Morrow ◽  
Adekunle Dawodu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Physiological Significance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins

THE STUDY ON SITUATON OF EXCLUSIVE BREAST FEEDING FOR THE FIRST 6 MONTHS IN HOI AN

2016 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Thi Ngoc Anh Nguyen ◽  
Hoang Lan Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Key Words Breast ◽  
Breastfeeding Rate ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Breast milk is the most valuable source of food for infants, no food is comparable. However in many countries around the world including Vietnam, the breastfeeding prevalence has been declining. A report of the Ministry of Health showed that only 19.6% of infants in Vietnam were exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months. The study was conducted in Hoi An with the aim at describing the situation of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of the mothers in Hoi An city, Quang Nam province and; identifying some factors affecting exclusive breast feeding for the first 6 months in the study area. Methods: A crosssectional descriptive study was conducted in Hoi An city in December 2014. 516 mothers of infants aged from 6 to 12 months were directly interviewed on the basis of a structured questionnaire. Information about general characteristics of mothers and their infants, their knowledge and attitude of breastfeeding and the feeding types of their baby for the first 6 months was collected. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months. Results: The exclusive breastfeeding prevalence for the first 6 months is 22.3%. Knowledge in breastfeeding and attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months are factors that significantly related to exclusive breastfeeding prevalence for the first 6 months (OR = 3.3; p=0.001 and OR=10.4; p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The exclusive breastfeeding rate for the first 6 months in Hoi An city is low. The promoting antenatal education in exclusive breastfeeding is necessary solution to improve exclusive breastfeeding rate for the first 6 months. Key words: breast milk, exclusive breastfeeding, Hoi An

scholarly journals Long-chain saturated fatty acids in breast milk are associated with the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis via induction of inflammatory ILC3s

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weng Sheng Kong ◽  
Naohiro Tsuyama ◽  
Hiroko Inoue ◽  
Yun Guo ◽  
Sho Mokuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Immune System Development ◽  
Molecular Patterns ◽  
Damage Associated Molecular Patterns ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractBreastfeeding influences the immune system development in infants and may even affect various immunological responses later in life. Breast milk provides a rich source of early nutrition for infant growth and development. However, the presence of certain compounds in breast milk, related to an unhealthy lifestyle or the diet of lactating mothers, may negatively impact infants. Based on a cohort study of atopic dermatitis (AD), we find the presence of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) activity in the mother’s milk. By non-targeted metabolomic analysis, we identify the long-chain saturated fatty acids (LCSFA) as a biomarker DAMPs (+) breast milk samples. Similarly, a mouse model in which breastfed offspring are fed milk high in LCSFA show AD onset later in life. We prove that LCSFA are a type of damage-associated molecular patterns, which initiate a series of inflammatory events in the gut involving type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s). A remarkable increase in inflammatory ILC3s is observed in the gut, and the migration of these ILC3s to the skin may be potential triggers of AD. Gene expression analysis of ILC3s isolated from the gut reveal upregulation of genes that increase ILC3s and chemokines/chemokine receptors, which may play a role in ILC migration to the skin. Even in the absence of adaptive immunity, Rag1 knockout mice fed a high-LCSFA milk diet develop eczema, accompanied by increased gut ILC3s. We also present that gut microbiota of AD-prone PA milk-fed mice is different from non-AD OA/ND milk-fed mice. Here, we propose that early exposure to LCSFAs in infants may affect the balance of intestinal innate immunity, inducing a highly inflammatory environment with the proliferation of ILC3s and production of interleukin-17 and interleukin-22, these factors may be potential triggers or worsening factors of AD.

scholarly journals Psychosocial stress and cortisol stress reactivity predict breast milk composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ziomkiewicz ◽  
Magdalena Babiszewska ◽  
Anna Apanasewicz ◽  
Magdalena Piosek ◽  
Patrycja Wychowaniec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractWe studied a sample of 146 Polish, exclusively breastfeeding mothers and their healthy born on time infants to explore the effect of perinatal psychosocial stress on breast milk composition. Maternal perinatal stress was assessed using Recent Life Changes Questionnaire summarizing stressful events from the previous six months. Stress reactivity was determined by administering the cold pressor test and measuring cortisol in saliva samples taken during the test. Breast milk sample was taken to measure energy, protein, fat, lactose, and fatty acid content. Analyses revealed that stress reactivity was positively associated with milk fat and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids and negatively associated with milk lactose. Perinatal psychosocial stress negatively affected energy density, fat as well as medium-chain and long-chain saturated fatty acids in milk. These results, together with previous studies, advocate monitoring maternal psychological status during the peripartum to promote breastfeeding and healthy infant nutrition.

scholarly journals Human Milk Composition and Dietary Intakes of Breastfeeding Women of Different Ethnicity from the Manawatu-Wanganui Region of New Zealand

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Butts ◽  
Duncan Hedderley ◽  
Thanuja Herath ◽  
Gunaranjan Paturi ◽  
Sarah Glyn-Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Milk Samples

Human milk is nutrient rich, complex in its composition, and is key to a baby’s health through its role in nutrition, gastrointestinal tract and immune development. Seventy-eight mothers (19–42 years of age) of Asian, Māori, Pacific Island, or of European ethnicity living in Manawatu-Wanganui, New Zealand (NZ) completed the study. The women provided three breast milk samples over a one-week period (6–8 weeks postpartum), completed a three-day food diary and provided information regarding their pregnancy and lactation experiences. The breast milk samples were analyzed for protein, fat, fatty acid profile, ash, selected minerals (calcium, magnesium, selenium, zinc), and carbohydrates. Breast milk nutrient profiles showed no significant differences between the mothers of different ethnicities in their macronutrient (protein, fat, carbohydrate, and moisture) content. The breast milk of Asian mothers contained significantly higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and linoleic acids. Arachidonic acid was significantly lower in the breast milk of Māori and Pacific Island women. Dietary intakes of protein, total energy, saturated and polyunsaturated fat, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, iodine, vitamin A equivalents, and folate differed between the ethnic groups, as well as the number of serves of dairy foods, chicken, and legumes. No strong correlations between dietary nutrients and breast milk components were found.

Determination of soluble carbohydrates, lactic acid and volatile fatty acids in soils and biological media

1929 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Subrahmanyan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Biological Media ◽  
Factors Affecting

Methods for extraction, concentration and determination of minute quantities of soluble carbohydrates, lactic acid and volatile fatty acids have been described. Different factors affecting the accuracy of the determinations have been studied and corrections, where necessary, have been suggested.

Fatty acids in breast milk and development of atopic eczema and allergic sensitisation in infancy

Allergy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Thijs ◽  
A. Müller ◽  
L. Rist ◽  
I. Kummeling ◽  
B. E. P. Snijders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Atopic Eczema ◽  
Allergic Sensitisation

scholarly journals Association of breast milk fatty acids with allergic disease outcomes-A systematic review

Allergy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Waidyatillake ◽  
S. C. Dharmage ◽  
K. J. Allen ◽  
C. J. Lodge ◽  
J. A. Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Disease Outcomes
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