scholarly journals Differential Patterns of Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 4 (SFRP4) in Adipocyte Differentiation: Adipose Depot Specificity

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 2149-2164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Guan ◽  
Yali Zhang ◽  
Shoucui Gao ◽  
Liang Bai ◽  
Sihai Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Epididymal White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Background/Aims: Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) is a member of the SFRP family that acts as soluble modulators of Wnt signaling. Given the substantial rise in obesity, depot-specific fat accumulation and its associated diseases like diabetes, it is important to understand the molecular basis of depot-specific adipocyte differentiation. In the current study, we investigated the expression of SFRP4 in both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in terms of their differentiation. Methods: White preadipocytes were isolated from the inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) from C57BL/6J mice (age: 8-week-old, male). SFRP4 expression in iWAT and eWAT preadipocytes was silenced by siRNA transfection and harvested cells for gene and protein expression analysis was performed during the differentiation. Furthermore, iWAT and eWAT preadipocytes treated with or without IL-1β were harvested for gene and protein expression analysis. Results: SFRP4 expression levels were gradually increased and proportionally associated with eWAT adipocyte differentiation toward maturation at 14 days, while iWAT adipocyte just showed an opposite tendency. Moreover, genetic (adiponectin, C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, FABP4, GLUT4 and PPARγ) analysis demonstrated that depot-specific adipogenesis in response to SFRP4 silencing in eWAT and iWAT preadipocytes. Upon IL-1β treatment, SFRP4 mRNA expression decreased significantly in iWAT adipocyte, but the expression was no significant difference in eWAT adipocyte. Conclusion: These results suggest that SFRP4 expression differentially mediates adipocyte differentiation and may play an important role in adipogenesis.

RIP140 Gene and Protein Expression Levels are Downregulated in Visceral Adipose Tissue in Human Morbid Obesity

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 771-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Catalán ◽  
Javier Gómez-Ambrosi ◽  
Amaia Lizanzu ◽  
Amaia Rodríguez ◽  
Camilo Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Visceral Adipose

scholarly journals White Adipose Tissue Depots Respond to Chronic Beta-3 Adrenergic Receptor Activation in a Sexually Dimorphic and Depot Divergent Manner

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3453
Author(s):  
Eric D. Queathem ◽  
Rebecca J. Welly ◽  
Laura M. Clart ◽  
Candace C. Rowles ◽  
Hunter Timmons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Control Male ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression

Beta-3 adrenergic receptor activation via exercise or CL316,243 (CL) induces white adipose tissue (WAT) browning, improves glucose tolerance, and reduces visceral adiposity. Our aim was to determine if sex or adipose tissue depot differences exist in response to CL. Daily CL injections were administered to diet-induced obese male and female mice for two weeks, creating four groups: male control, male CL, female control, and female CL. These groups were compared to determine the main and interaction effects of sex (S), CL treatment (T), and WAT depot (D). Glucose tolerance, body composition, and energy intake and expenditure were assessed, along with perigonadal (PGAT) and subcutaneous (SQAT) WAT gene and protein expression. CL consistently improved glucose tolerance and body composition. Female PGAT had greater protein expression of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1, while UCP1 (S, p < 0.001) was more responsive to CL in increasing UCP1 (S×T, p = 0.011) and the mitochondrial biogenesis induction protein, PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) (S×T, p = 0.026). Females also displayed greater mitochondrial OXPHOS (S, p < 0.05) and adiponectin protein content (S, p < 0.05). On the other hand, male SQAT was more responsive to CL in increasing protein levels of PGC1α (S×T, p = 0.046) and adiponectin (S, p < 0.05). In both depots and in both sexes, CL significantly increased estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) and glucose-related protein 75 (GRP75) protein content (T, p < 0.05). Thus, CL improves systemic and adipose tissue-specific metabolism in both sexes; however, sex differences exist in the WAT-specific effects of CL. Furthermore, across sexes and depots, CL affects estrogen signaling by upregulating ERβ.

scholarly journals Gene and Protein Expression Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From Rat Adipose Tissue and Bone Marrow

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 2260-2268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiaki Nakanishi ◽  
Noritoshi Nagaya ◽  
Shunsuke Ohnishi ◽  
Kenichi Yamahara ◽  
Shu Takabatake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Identification of Nesfatin-1 in Human and Murine Adipose Tissue: A Novel Depot-Specific Adipokine with Increased Levels in Obesity

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (7) ◽  
pp. 3169-3180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjunath Ramanjaneya ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
James E. Brown ◽  
Gyanendra Tripathi ◽  
Manfred Hallschmid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acid ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
The Impact

Nesfatin-1 is a recently identified anorexigenic peptide derived from its precursor protein, nonesterified fatty acid/nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2). Although the hypothalamus is pivotal for the maintenance of energy homeostasis, adipose tissue plays an important role in the integration of metabolic activity and energy balance by communicating with peripheral organs and the brain via adipokines. Currently no data exist on nesfatin-1 expression, regulation, and secretion in adipose tissue. We therefore investigated NUCB2/nesfatin-1 gene and protein expression in human and murine adipose tissue depots. Additionally, the effects of insulin, dexamethasone, and inflammatory cytokines and the impact of food deprivation and obesity on nesfatin-1 expression were studied by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. We present data showing NUCB2 mRNA (P &lt; 0.001), nesfatin-1 intracellular protein (P &lt; 0.001), and secretion (P &lt; 0.01) were significantly higher in sc adipose tissue compared with other depots. Also, nesfatin-1 protein expression was significantly increased in high-fat-fed mice (P &lt; 0.01) and reduced under food deprivation (P &lt; 0.01) compared with controls. Stimulation of sc adipose tissue explants with inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL-6), insulin, and dexamethasone resulted in a marked increase in intracellular nesfatin-1 levels. Furthermore, we present evidence that the secretion of nesfatin-1 into the culture media was dramatically increased during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into adipocytes (P &lt; 0.001) and after treatments with TNF-α, IL-6, insulin, and dexamethasone (P &lt; 0.01). In addition, circulating nesfatin-1 levels were higher in high-fat-fed mice (P &lt; 0.05) and showed positive correlation with body mass index in human. We report that nesfatin-1 is a novel depot specific adipokine preferentially produced by sc tissue, with obesity- and food deprivation-regulated expression.

Abstract 5822: Atherosclerotic Plaque Inflammation Synchronize With Inflammatory Activity OF Visceral Fat

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eung Ju Kim ◽  
Hong Seog Seo ◽  
Sungeun Kim ◽  
Jin Oh Na ◽  
Jae Hyoung Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plaque Inflammation ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Background: Visceral adipose tissue is thought to confer increased cardiovascular risk through leukocyte infiltration and increased adipose macrophage activity. Previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) demonstrated that increased FDG uptake could reflect the severity of inflammation in atherosclerotic plaque. We hypothesized that active atherosclerotic change in the major arteries would accompany increased inflammation within visceral fat and it could be detected in humans using combined FDG PET/computed tomography (CT). Methods: We observed 44 consecutive subjects with cardiovascular disease. For all of them, an one-hour PET/CT (from brain to foot) was performed after injection of FDG (370–555 MBq). FDG uptake in the aorta or its major branches was evaluated visually and semiquantitatively. Maximal standard uptake values (SUV) of the highest regions of interest were calculated in the subcutaneous fat and visceral fat area, separately. Results: Significant FDG uptake in the arterial wall was noted in 21 patients (plaque positive; PP group), all of whom have experienced acute cardiovascular events (acute coronary syndrome or ischemic stroke) within a week. The other 23 patients (plaque negative; PN group) had chronic stable angina or asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Visceral fat SUV was significantly higher as compared to subcutaneous fat SUV (0.49± 0.15 vs. 0.15± 0.05, p< 0.001) in PP group, whereas there was no significant difference in PN group (0.18± 0.07 vs. 0.16± 0.03, p= 0.622). When we compared two groups, PP group showed higher visceral fat SUV than PN group (p< 0.001). In terms of subcutaneous fat SUV, the results were similar in two groups (p= 0.773). Conclusions: We demonstrated that atherosclerotic plaque inflammation was associated with increased inflammation within visceral fat. Our results need to be confirmed by comparison with histologic or other imaging findings. Further evaluation to determine whether metabolic activity of visceral adipose tissue is a marker or mediator of vascular inflammation is also needed.

scholarly journals Adenosine Kinase Expression in the Frontal Cortex in Schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-698
Author(s):  
Cassidy L Moody ◽  
Adam J Funk ◽  
Emily Devine ◽  
Ryan C Devore Homan ◽  
Detlev Boison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Splice Variant ◽  
Adenosine Kinase ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Kinase Expression ◽  
Short Splice Variant

Abstract The adenosine hypothesis of schizophrenia posits that reduced availability of the neuromodulator adenosine contributes to dysregulation of dopamine and glutamate transmission and the symptoms associated with schizophrenia. It has been proposed that increased expression of the enzyme adenosine kinase (ADK) may drive hypofunction of the adenosine system. While animal models of ADK overexpression support such a role for altered ADK, the expression of ADK in schizophrenia has yet to be examined. In this study, we assayed ADK gene and protein expression in frontocortical tissue from schizophrenia subjects. In the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), ADK-long and -short splice variant expression was not significantly altered in schizophrenia compared to controls. There was also no significant difference in ADK splice variant expression in the frontal cortex of rats treated chronically with haloperidol-decanoate, in a study to identify the effect of antipsychotics on ADK gene expression. ADK protein expression was not significantly altered in the DLPFC or anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). There was no significant effect of antipsychotic medication on ADK protein expression in the DLPFC or ACC. Overall, our results suggest that increased ADK expression does not contribute to hypofunction of the adenosine system in schizophrenia and that alternative mechanisms are involved in dysregulation of this system in schizophrenia.

C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP-3) is secreted by visceral adipose tissue and exerts antiinflammatory and antifibrotic effects in primary human colonic fibroblasts

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 2462-2471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Hofmann ◽  
Ning Chen ◽  
Florian Obermeier ◽  
Gisela Paul ◽  
Christa Büchler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Visceral Adipose
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