scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Investigations of Pre- and Post-Operative Renal Global Function and Renal Parenchymal Volumetry in Both Partial and Radical Nephrectomy Utilizing Film-Based Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Takehiro Sejima ◽  
Tetsuya Yumioka ◽  
Noriya Yamaguchi ◽  
Toshihiko Masago ◽  
Shuichi Morizane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Nephrectomy ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Function ◽  
Compensatory Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
Renal Parenchymal Volume ◽  
Egfr Decline

Objectives: To investigate pre- and post-operative renal global function and renal parenchymal volume (RPV) in both partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN) utilizing film-based technology. Patients and Methods: The patient cohort consisted of 81 and 82 cases with T1 tumors (≤ 7 cm) treated by PN and RN, respectively. Renal global function was assessed using the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and RPV was measured using a Synapse Vincent volumetric analyzer which creates a reconstructed image from a computed tomography scan. Renal global function and RPV were evaluated pre-operatively and 6 months post-operatively. Results: The percent eGFR decline of PN cases was significantly reduced compared with RN cases (p < 0.0001). Post-operative RPV of the contralateral side was significantly increased compared with pre-operative RPV (p < 0.0001) in RN cases. The percent change of the contralat-eral side RPV was slightly increased in RN compared with PN cases (p = 0.1881). A strong positive correlation was noted between post-operative eGFR and post-operative total RPV (r = 0.69, p < 0.0001), and a strong negative correlation was noted between percent eGFR decline and post-operative total RPV (r = -0.63, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Prominent compensatory renal hypertrophy occurred within 6 months after RN. Post-operative renal functional outcome was closely correlated with the post-operative total RPV. In addition to RPV, further studies to unravel post-operative renal function from multifactorial aspects including surgical factors and intrinsic medical disease should be performed in the future.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Sperm Quality and Male Reproductive Hormones Among Male Partners with Fertility Complications: Attending CHUB

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-328
Author(s):  
Herbert Mapira Tendayi ◽  
Jerome Ndayisenga ◽  
Solange Nyiramahirwe ◽  
Jacqueline Mukanshuti ◽  
Valens Karenzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation

Background Infertility remains a highly prevalent global condition in the second decade of the new millennium. Reproductive hormones determine sperm quality as they initiate and maintain spermatogenesis. Hormonal imbalance can cause abnormal sperm quality that can be treated by hormonal replacement therapy. Objective To assess the relationship between sperm quality and male reproductive hormones among male partners with fertility complications attending CHUB. Methods The study was a descriptive cross-sectional, and a convenient sampling strategy was used to recruit subjects at CHUB. Sixty-two male subjects with fertility complications provided both semen and blood sample to analyze sperm quality and reproductive hormones. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data. Results Both FSH and LH showed a strong negative correlation with sperm count which is more profound with FSH (r= -0.722) than LH (r= -0.545). Testosterone showed a strong positive correlation with sperm count (r= 0.712). FSH and LH showed a negative correlation with sperm motility which is more profound in FSH (r= -0.312) than LH (r= -0.302). Testosterone also showed a positive correlation with sperm motility (r= 0.360). Conclusion Our study found a correlation between sperm quality and male reproductive hormones. We further suggest other studies to investigate predictive power of male reproductive hormones. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2020;3(3):315-328

scholarly journals Dopamine-Induced Dysconnectivity Between Salience Network and Auditory Cortex in Subjects With Psychotic-like Experiences: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 732-740
Author(s):  
Julian Rössler ◽  
Wulf Rössler ◽  
Erich Seifritz ◽  
Lui Unterrassner ◽  
Thomas Wyss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Salience Network ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract Dopamine is involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Disrupted salience processing by the salience network (SN) may be a central link between dysregulated dopamine function and psychotic symptoms. However, dopaminergic influence on the SN and its presumed influence on psychotic and subpsychotic symptoms or psychotic-like experiences in healthy individuals remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated dopamine-induced changes in functional connectivity of the right anterior insula (rAI), a central SN hub, and their association with psychotic-like experiences. We enrolled 54 healthy, right-handed male subjects in a randomized, double-blind, cross-sectional placebo-controlled experiment. Psychotic-like experiences were assessed using the revised Exceptional Experiences Questionnaire (PAGE-R). They then received either placebo (n = 32) or 200 mg L-DOPA (n = 33), a dopamine precursor, orally and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. In a seed-to-voxel approach, we analyzed dopamine-induced changes in functional connectivity of the rAI and assessed the relationship between functional connectivity changes and PAGE-R score. L-DOPA reduced functional connectivity between the rAI and the left auditory cortex planum polare. In the placebo group, we found a strong negative correlation between PAGE-R score and rAI to planum polare functional connectivity; in the L-DOPA group, there was a strong positive correlation between PAGE-R score and functional connectivity between rAI and planum polare. The PAGE-R score explained about 30% of the functional connectivity variation between rAI and planum polare in the two groups. Our findings suggest that psychotic-like experiences are associated with dopamine-induced disruption of auditory input to the SN, which may lead to aberrant attribution of salience.

Relationship of Sense of Coherence to Other Psychosocial Indices

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Holmberg ◽  
Anders Thelin ◽  
Eva-Lena Stiernström
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
The Mean

Summary: The concept of “sense of coherence” (SOC) has been widely recognized since it was first introduced by Antonovsky. The originality and usefulness of the SOC scale and its relation to other psychosocial measures has been the subject of lively debate. The aim of this paper was to test for associations between SOC and work-related psychosocial factors (mainly the Job Demand-Control model), general living conditions, education, and social network factors. Cross-sectional data from a population-based sample of 1782 rural males from nine counties in Sweden were analyzed with a multiple regression technique. The subjects were occupationally active at inclusion and the mean age was 50 years (range 40-60). SOC was assessed with the original 29-item questionnaire. Psychosocial variables and lifestyle factors were assessed using questionnaires and structured interviews. The mean SOC among the subjects was 152.3 (standard deviation, 19.4). A strong negative correlation was found between SOC and job demand, whereas a positive correlation with job control was demonstrated. A positive correlation with general living conditions and with social support was also found. However, there was no correlation to education and occupation. Thus, SOC was shown to be strongly correlated to work-related psychosocial factors and social support, but independent of sociodemographic factors.

scholarly journals Unilateral and bilateral training competitive archers differ in some potentially unhealthy neck-shoulder region movement behaviour characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mareike Schmitt ◽  
Lutz Vogt ◽  
Jan Wilke ◽  
Daniel Niederer
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Movement Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
3D Motion Analysis ◽  
Bilateral Training ◽  
Shoulder Region ◽  
Analysis System

Abstract Background Excessive unilateral joint loads may lead to overuse disorders. Bilateral training in archery is only performed as a supportive coordination training and as a variation of typical exercise. However, a series of studies demonstrated a crossover transfer of training-induced motor skills to the contralateral side, especially in case of mainly unilateral skills. We compared the cervical spine and shoulder kinematics of unilateral and bilateral training archers. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 25 (5 females, 48 ± 14 years) bilaterally training and 50 age-, sex- and level-matched (1:2; 47.3 ± 13.9 years) unilaterally training competitive archers were included. Cervical range of motion (RoM, all planes) and glenohumeral rotation were assessed with an ultrasound-based 3D motion analysis system. Upward rotation of the scapula during abduction and elevation of the arm were measured by means of a digital inclinometer and active shoulder mobility by means of an electronic caliper. All outcomes were compared between groups (unilaterally vs. bilaterally) and sides (pull-hand- vs. bow-hand-side). Results Unilateral and bilateral archers showed no between group and no side-to-side-differences in either of the movement direction of the cervical spine. The unilateral archers had higher pull-arm-side total glenohumeral rotation than the bilateral archers (mean, 95% CI), (148°, 144–152° vs. 140°, 135°-145°). In particular, internal rotation (61°, 58–65° vs. 56°, 51–61°) and more upward rotation of the scapula at 45 degrees (12°, 11–14° vs. 8°, 6–10°), 90 degrees (34°, 31–36° vs. 28°, 24–32°), 135 degrees (56°, 53–59° vs. 49°, 46–53°), and maximal (68°, 65–70° vs. 62°, 59–65°) arm abduction differed. The bow- and pull-arm of the unilateral, but not of the bilateral archers, differed in the active mobility of the shoulder (22 cm, 20–24 cm vs. 18 cm, 16–20 cm). Conclusions Unilaterally training archers display no unphysiologic movement behaviour of the cervical spine, but show distinct shoulder asymmetris in the bow- and pull-arm-side when compared to bilateral archers in glenohumeral rotation, scapula rotation during arm abduction, and active mobility of the shoulder. These asymmetries in may exceed physiological performance-enhancing degrees. Bilateral training may seems appropriate in archery to prevent asymmetries.

scholarly journals Alveolar bone heights of maxillary central incisors in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients using cone-beam computed tomography evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Stasiak ◽  
Anna Wojtaszek-Słomińska ◽  
Bogna Racka-Pilszak
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alveolar Bone Grafting

Abstract Purpose The aims of this retrospective cross-sectional study were to measure and compare labial and palatal alveolar bone heights of maxillary central incisors in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients, following STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. Patients and methods The study group consisted of 21 patients with a mean age of 16 years. High-resolution cone-beam computed tomography was performed at least one year after secondary alveolar bone grafting. The experimental side was the cleft side and the contralateral side without congenital cleft was the control. Measurements were performed on incisors’ midsagittal cross-sections. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for intergroup comparisons. Results The labial and palatal distances between alveolar bone crests and cementoenamel junctions were significantly greater on the cleft side than on the noncleft side. Mean differences were 0.75 and 1.41 mm, respectively. The prevalence of dehiscences at the cleft side maxillary central incisors was 52% on the labial surface and 43% on the palatal surface. In the controls, it was 19% and 14%, respectively. Conclusion The cleft-adjacent maxillary central incisors had more apically displaced alveolar bone crests on the labial and palatal sides of the roots than the controls. Higher prevalence of dehiscences was found on the cleft side. Bone margin differences predispose to gingival height differences of the central incisors. These differences could increase the demands of patients to obtain more esthetic treatment results with orthodontic extrusion and periodontal intervention on the cleft side.

scholarly journals Spatial Variation of the Relationship between PM2.5Concentrations and Meteorological Parameters in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Lin ◽  
Jingying Fu ◽  
Dong Jiang ◽  
Jianhua Wang ◽  
Qiao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Humid Region ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Warm Temperate

Epidemiological studies around the world have reported that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is closely associated with human health. The distribution of PM2.5concentrations is influenced by multiple geographic and socioeconomic factors. Using a remote-sensing-derived PM2.5dataset, this paper explores the relationship between PM2.5concentrations and meteorological parameters and their spatial variance in China for the period 2001–2010. The spatial variations of the relationships between the annual average PM2.5, the annual average precipitation (AAP), and the annual average temperature (AAT) were evaluated using the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model. The results indicated that PM2.5had a strong and stable correlation with meteorological parameters. In particular, PM2.5had a negative correlation with precipitation and a positive correlation with temperature. In addition, the relationship between the variables changed over space, and the strong negative correlation between PM2.5and the AAP mainly appeared in the warm temperate semihumid region and northern subtropical humid region in 2001 and 2010, with some localized differences. The strong positive correlation between the PM2.5and the AAT mainly occurred in the mid-temperate semiarid region, the humid, semihumid, and semiarid warm temperate regions, and the northern subtropical humid region in 2001 and 2010.

scholarly journals Sonographic Evaluation of Fractures in Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal C. Wang ◽  
Kadine L. Linden ◽  
Hansel J. Otero
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Soft Tissue Injury ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nasal Bones ◽  
Fractures In Children ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities ◽  
Additional Imaging ◽  
And Performance

Fractures and suspected fractures are common causes for pediatric visits to the emergency department. Initial evaluation routinely includes imaging in the form of radiographs. Additional imaging modalities including sonography and magnetic resonance are used as problem-solving tools. Sonography has been reported to perform well when compared with radiography in multiple anatomies from the skull and nasal bones to the upper and lower extremities. In addition, sonography presents unique advantages including lack of ionizing radiation, cross-sectional coverage, evaluation of soft tissue injury, and the possibility of imaging the contralateral side. This article reviews the applications, advantages, disadvantages, technique, and performance of sonography in the imaging of fractures in children.

scholarly journals Correlation between tumor necrosis factor-alpha and septic shock in children

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khrisanti Dinata ◽  
Ari L. Runtunuwu ◽  
Jose M. Mandei ◽  
Julius H. Lolombulan
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background The crucial role cytokines play in the pathophysiologyof sepsis is widely accepted. Infection stimulates the productionof cytokines in various cell types. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-a) is one of the most extensively investigated cytokines inexperimental and clinical sepsis. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha hasbeen shown to mediate lethality in experimental sepsis.Objective To evaluate for a possible correlation between TNF-alevel and septic shock in children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Manadofrom June to September 2011. A total of 40 patients with arecent diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock were included. Plasmaspecimens were collected from subjects for measurement ofTNF-a concentration. Logistic regression analysis was used toassess the correlation between TNF-a level and sepsis, as well asthe probability of shock in children with sepsis, with P<0.05 asstatistically significant.Results There was a strong positive correlation betweenTNF-a level and the probability of shock in children with sepsis(regression coefficient = 0. 78, P = 0.002).Conclusions There is a strong positive correlation betweenTNF-a level with the probability of shock in children with sepsis.Higher plasma level ofTNF-a is associated with higher probabilityof septic shock.

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