Inverse Association of Prostatic Chronic Inflammation among Prostate Cancer Tumor Grade Groups: Retrospective Study of 738 Consecutive Cases Elected to a First Random Biopsy Set

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Benito Porcaro ◽  
Alessandro Tafuri ◽  
Giovanni Novella ◽  
Marco Sebben ◽  
Arianna Mariotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Random Biopsy ◽  
Cancer Tumor ◽  
Grade Groups

scholarly journals Chronic inflammation of the prostate type IV with respect to risk of prostate cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio B. Porcaro ◽  
Emanuele Rubilotta ◽  
Aldo Petrozziello ◽  
Claudio Ghimenton ◽  
Filippo Migliorini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Assessment Design ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Positive Biopsy ◽  
Biopsy Core ◽  
Glandular Atrophy

Background: Chronic inflammatory infiltrate (CII) might be involved in prostate cancer (PCA) and benign hyperplasia (BPH); however, its significance is controversial. Chronic inflammatory prostatitis type IV is the most common non cancer diagnosis in men undergoing biopsy because of suspected PCA. Objective: To evaluate potential associations of coexistent CII and PCA in biopsy specimens after prostate assessment. Design, setting, and participants: Between January 2007 and December 2008, 415 consecutive patients who underwent prostate biopsy were retrospectively evaluated. The investigated variables included Age (years) and PSA (ug/l); moreover, CII+, glandular atrophy (GA+), glandular hyperplasia (GH+), prostate Intraepithelial neoplasm (PIN+), atypical small acinar cell proliferation (ASAP+) and PCA positive cores (P+) were evaluated as categorical and continuous (proportion of positive cores). Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Associations of CII+ and PCA risk were assessed by statistical methods. Results and limitations: In the patient population, a biopsy core positive for PCA was detected in 34.2% of cases and the rate of high grade PCA (HGPCA: bGS ! 8) resulted 4.82%. CII+ significantly and inversely associated with a positive biopsy core P+ (P < 0.0001; OR = 0.26) and HGPCA (P = 0.0005; OR = 0.05). Moreover, the associations indicated that patients with coexistent CII+ on needle biopsy were 74% less likely to have coexistent PCA than men without CII+ as well as 95% less likely to have HGPCA in the biopsy core than men without coexistent CII+. There were limits in our study which was single centre and included only one dedicated pathologist. Conclusions: There was an inverse association of chronic inflammation of the prostate type IV and risk of PCA; moreover, HGPCA was less likely to be detected in cancers associated with coexistent CII. In prostate microenvironment, prostate chronic inflammation may be protective; however, its role in PCA carcinogenesis remains controversial and needs further research.

Intraprostatic Chronic Inflammation is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Prostate Cancer in Patients Elected to a First Random Biopsy Set

2016 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio B. Porcaro ◽  
Giovanni Novella ◽  
Nicolò de Luyk ◽  
Paolo Corsi ◽  
Giovanni Cacciamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Clinical Model ◽  
Random Biopsy ◽  
Reduced Risk

Objectives To investigate the associations of clinical factors and intraprostatic chronic inflammatory infiltrate (CII) with the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) in a large contemporary cohort of patients elected to a first random biopsy set. Materials and Methods The study evaluated 596 patients who were elected to a first random biopsy set because of suspected PCa in the period between September 2010 and September 2015. The multivariate logistic regression model investigated the possible associations of clinical factors and intraprostatic CII with PCa. Results Prostate cancer was detected in 292 of 596 patients (49%). Intraprostatic CII was detected in 26.3% of cases. Age (odds ratio, OR = 1.060; p<.0001), prostate-specific antigen (PSA; OR = 1.174; p<.0001), prostate volume (PV; OR = 0.951; p<.0001) and abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE; OR = 2.170; p = 0.001) were independent predictors of PCa risk; moreover, intraprostatic CII was an important independent factor lowering the risk of PCa (OR = 0.258; p<.0001) in the multivariate clinical model. Conclusions In a large contemporary cohort of patients elected to a first random biopsy set, the detection of intraprostatic CII was not negligible (26.3%) and associated with a reduced risk of PCa. In the prostate microenvironment, intraprostatic CII might lower the risk of PCa by activating the response of the immune system at the early stages of cancer induction and progression. Specific serum biomarkers and imaging modalities associated with intraprostatic CII are required. Advanced basic science research is warranted to investigate and develop the controversial topic of intraprostatic chronic inflammation in relation to PCa.

Absence of Relationship Between Steroid Hormone Levels and Prostate Cancer Tumor Grade

Urology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Sher ◽  
Christos Mantzoros ◽  
Susanna Jacobus ◽  
Meredith M. Regan ◽  
Gwo-Shu Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Cancer Tumor

Association of chronic baseline prostate inflammation with lower tumor grade in men with prostate cancer on repeat biopsy.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 75-75
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Moreira ◽  
J. Curtis Nickel ◽  
Gerald L. Andriole ◽  
Ramiro Castro ◽  
Stephen J. Freedland
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Repeat Biopsy ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Prostate Biopsies ◽  
Prostate Inflammation

75 Background: We have previously shown that chronic baseline prostate inflammation in an otherwise benign biopsy was associated with lower risk of prostate cancer in repeat prostate biopsies and lower tumor volumes for those who are diagnosed with cancer. In the present study, we evaluated whether baseline acute or chronic prostate inflammation among men with initial negative biopsies for prostate cancer was associated with cancer grade at the 2-year repeat prostate biopsy. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 889 men 50-75 years-old with negative baseline prostate biopsy and positive 2-year repeat biopsy for prostate cancer in the REDUCE study. Acute and chronic prostate inflammation (coded as present or absent) and cancer grade were determined by central pathology. The association of inflammation in baseline biopsies with 2-year repeat biopsy cancer grade (low-grade: Gleason scores 2-6 vs. high-grade: Gleason scores 7-10) was evaluated with t test, chi-squared test and logistic regression controlling for age, race, body-mass index (BMI), digital rectal exam (DRE), prostate volume, baseline pre-study PSA and treatment (dutasteride or placebo). Results: Chronic, acute inflammation and both were detected in 533 (60%), 12 (1%) and 85 (10%) baseline biopsies, respectively. Presence of acute and chronic inflammations were significantly associated with each other (P < 0.001). Patients with chronic inflammation had significantly larger prostates (P < 0.001). Both types of inflammation were unrelated to race, BMI, PSA or DRE. At 2-year biopsy, a total of 621 (70%) tumors were low-grade and 268 (30%) tumors were high-grade. In both uni- and multivariable analyses, men with baseline chronic inflammation had significantly less high-grade tumors (univariable OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.47-0.87, P = 0.004; multivariable OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.50-0.93, P = 0.016) than those without baseline chronic inflammation. Baseline acute inflammation was not associated with tumor grade. Conclusions: Among men undergoing repeat prostate biopsy 2 years after a negative baseline biopsy who all had cancer on the follow-up biopsy, the presence baseline chronic inflammation was associated with lower prostate cancer grade.

scholarly journals Prostatic chronic inflammation and prostate cancer risk at baseline random biopsy: Analysis of predictors

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Tafuri ◽  
Marco Sebben ◽  
Giovanni Novella ◽  
Marco Pirozzi ◽  
Tania Processali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Random Biopsy

Positive Association between Basal Total Testosterone Circulating Levels and Tumor Grade Groups at the Time of Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio B. Porcaro ◽  
Alessandro Tafuri ◽  
Marco Sebben ◽  
Marco Pirozzi ◽  
Tania Processali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Grade Groups ◽  
Circulating Levels

PD-L1 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 1558-1565
Author(s):  
Matteo Santoni ◽  
Francesco Massari ◽  
Liang Cheng ◽  
Alessia Cimadamore ◽  
Marina Scarpelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Complex Series

The carcinogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa) results from a complex series of events. Chronic inflammation and infections are crucial in this context. Infiltrating M2 type macrophages, as well as neutrophils and T lymphocytes, contribute to PCa development, progression and response to therapy. The preliminary findings on the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with PCa were not encouraging. However, a series of studies investigating anti-PD-L1 agents such as Atezolizumab, Avelumab and Durvalumab used alone or in combination with other immunotherapies, chemotherapy or locoregional approaches are in course in this tumor. In this review, we illustrate the role of immune cells and PD-L1 expression during PCa carcinogenesis and progression, with a focus on ongoing clinical trials on anti-PD-L1 agents in this context.

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