scholarly journals Incremental Validity of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Index Scores in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia C. Goldstein ◽  
Aaron Milloy ◽  
David W. Loring ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Normal Cognition

Background/Aims: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the incremental validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) index scores and the MoCA total score in differentiating individuals with normal cognition versus mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: Effect sizes were calculated for Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative research participants with normal cognition (n = 295), MCI (n = 471), or AD (n = 150). Results: Effect sizes for the total score were large (> 0.80) and exceeded the index scores in differentiating those with MCI versus normal cognition, MCI versus AD, and AD versus normal cognition. A combined score incorporating the Memory, Executive, and Orientation indexes also improved incremental validity for all 3 group comparisons. Conclusion: Administration of the entire MoCA is more informative than the index scores, especially in distinguishing normal cognition versus MCI. A combined score has stronger incremental validity than the individual index scores.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Persian Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Vahid Rashedi ◽  
Mahshid Foroughan ◽  
Negin Chehrehnegar
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Persian Version

Introduction: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a cognitive screening test widely used in clinical practice and suited for the detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The aims were to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian MoCA as a screening test for mild cognitive dysfunction in Iranian older adults and to assess its accuracy as a screening test for MCI and mild Alzheimer disease (AD). Method: One hundred twenty elderly with a mean age of 73.52 ± 7.46 years participated in this study. Twenty-one subjects had mild AD (MMSE score ≤21), 40 had MCI, and 59 were cognitively healthy controls. All the participants were administered the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to evaluate their general cognitive status. Also, a battery of comprehensive neuropsychological assessments was administered. Results: The mean score on the Persian version of the MoCA and the MMSE were 19.32 and 25.62 for MCI and 13.71 and 22.14 for AD patients, respectively. Using an optimal cutoff score of 22 the MoCA test detected 86% of MCI subjects, whereas the MMSE with a cutoff score of 26 detected 72% of MCI subjects. In AD patients with a cutoff score of 20, the MoCA had a sensitivity of 94% whereas the MMSE detected 61%. The specificity of the MoCA was 70% and 90% for MCI and AD, respectively. Discussion: The results of this study show that the Persian version of the MoCA is a reliable screening tool for detection of MCI and early stage AD. The MoCA is more sensitive than the MMSE in screening for cognitive impairment, proving it to be superior to MMSE in detecting MCI and mild AD.

Validation of the Czech Montreal Cognitive Assessment for Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer Disease and Czech Norms in 1,552 Elderly Persons

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 335-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ales Bartos ◽  
Dan Fayette
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Delay Sensitivity

Background: The Czech version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-CZ) and delayed recall of 5 words have not been validated in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer disease (AD) and compared to norms of a large population. Method: The MoCA-CZ was administered to 1,600 elderly individuals in 2 groups consisting of 48 patients with MCI due to AD (AD-MCI) and 1,552 normal elderly adults. Results: MoCA-CZ scores were significantly lower in the AD-MCI patients than in the normal elderly (21 ± 4 vs. 26 ± 3 points; p = 0.03). Under the recommended cutoff score of ≤25, the MoCA-CZ demonstrated an excellent sensitivity of 94% but a low specificity of 62%. When the score was reduced to ≤24, the MoCA-CZ showed an optimal sensitivity of 87% for AD-MCI and a specificity of 72%. Normal elderly persons should recall at least 2 words after delay (sensitivity 80%, specificity 74%). Several cutoff points were derived from normative data stratified by age and education. Conclusions: The cutoff for AD-MCI and stratified norms are available for the MoCA total score and delayed recall of the Czech version. The cut-off scores of the MoCA-CZ, sensitivity, and specificity are lower than in the original study.

Effect of Brain Training Game on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2272-2275
Author(s):  
Hafsah Arshad ◽  
Kinza Anwar ◽  
Hafsah Gul Khattak ◽  
Imran Amjad ◽  
Yaser Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Brain Training ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions

Aim: To determine effects of Kinect- based games on neurocognitive functions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Methodology: A quasi experimental pre-post trail was conducted on 18 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) older adults. The subjects were recruited to access cognitive impairment through purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria were elderly aged ≥ 50 years, both genders, able to read and write, whereas older adults with severe cognitive impairments, neurological disorders and un controlled comorbidities were excluded. Brain training was provided for 30 minutes with 5-minute warm-up time and 5-minute cool-down time for 6 weeks. Blind assessor measured readings at baseline and after six weeks. The outcome measures were Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), Trail making test A & B and verbal fluency test (Semantic &Phonemic). The data was analyzed at baseline and after six weeks of intervention Results: Significant improvements were observed in post-test measurements (p <0.05) in MMSE, MoCA, TMT A & B and verbal fluency (Semantic &Phonemic) tests after 6 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: Kinect-based virtual reality games are beneficial in improving cognitive abilities of older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Keywords: Cognitive training, Mild cognitive impairment, Montreal Cognitive Assessment

scholarly journals Alzheimer disease biomarkers may aid in the prognosis of MCI cases initially reverted to normal

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (23) ◽  
pp. e2699-e2705
Author(s):  
Lisa Vermunt ◽  
Alegría J.L. van Paasen ◽  
Charlotte E. Teunissen ◽  
Philip Scheltens ◽  
Pieter Jelle Visser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Disease Biomarkers ◽  
Imaging Markers ◽  
Normal Cognition

ObjectiveTo identify potential predictors for outcome in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who have reverted to normal cognition (NC).MethodsWe selected individuals with MCI, who reverted at follow-up to NC, with follow-up after reversion from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Common clinical markers, Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarkers, and neurodegeneration imaging markers were used to compare MCI reverters based on subsequent clinical outcome (i.e., subsequent decline or stable reversion). For independent comparison, findings of the clinical Amsterdam Dementia Cohort are presented.ResultsSeventy-seven (10%) out of 757 individuals with MCI reverted to NC and 61 of these individuals had follow-up data available. After 3.2 ± 2.2 years, 16 (24%) progressed to MCI, and 3 (5%) to dementia. Those who declined were older and had a higher amyloid PET burden and higher CSF tau levels.ConclusionIn MCI reverters, abnormal biomarkers for AD pathology are associated with subsequent decline. AD biomarkers may aid in the prognosis of reverting MCI.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLOCK DRAWING AND COGNITION IN PARKINSON'S

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. e4.82-e4
Author(s):  
Jeremy Cosgrove ◽  
Stuart Jamieson ◽  
Stephen Smith ◽  
Jane Alty
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Visuospatial Ability ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Normal Cognition

IntroductionClock drawing (CD) requires executive function, attention and visuospatial ability. Our objective was to investigate CD in Parkinson's subjects with and without cognitive impairment.Methods107 subjects completed the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), classifying into normal cognition (PD-NC – MoCA ≥26) and cognitive impairment (PD-CI–MoCA <26). CD was scored using MoCA criteria; a maximum of 3 points, one each for correct contour, clock face and clock hands.ResultsPD-CI (n=57) and PD-NC were matched for all demographics except age (PD-CI were older, P 0.032). 35% of PD-CI scored full marks compared to 90% of PD-NC (sensitivity 0.64, specificity 0.9, age adjusted-odds ratio for predicting PD-CI 15.63, 95% CI 5.18 – 47.62, P<0.001). 88% of PD-CI scored points for contour and 60% scored points for clock face. In contrast, all PD-NC scored points for contour and clock face (P <0.001). 42% of PD-CI and 90% of PD-NC correctly drew clock hands (P<0.001).ConclusionsIn this cohort, inability to score maximum points for CD was associated with PD-CI. Correctly drawing clock hands was the hardest component for both groups. Incorrect contour or clock face was highly specific for PD-CI.

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