scholarly journals Immunooncology in Breast Cancer: Active and Passive Vaccination Strategies

Breast Care ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Florian Schütz ◽  
Frederik Marmé ◽  
Christoph Domschke ◽  
Christof Sohn ◽  
Alexandra von Au
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Tumor Associated Antigen ◽  
Specific Tumor ◽  
Car T ◽  
Passive Vaccination ◽  
Near Future

Immunotherapies are set to become part of the therapeutic repertoire for breast cancer in the near future. Active vaccination is a promising strategy, especially in tumors that have a specific tumor-associated antigen. Although cellular immunotherapies have not yet shown efficacy, new technologies are on the way to improve this approach. Given the recent Food and Drug Administration approval of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for leukemia, it is only a question of time before solid tumors will follow. However, not all breast cancer patients will respond to cellular or other immunotherapy. Hence, we must define subpopulations of breast cancer patients who benefit from this new approach.

Classifying circulating, mutation bearing tumor cells from breast cancer patients.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 580-580
Author(s):  
William Strauss ◽  
Paul W. Dempsey ◽  
Jessamine Winer-Jones ◽  
Catherine Bingham ◽  
R. Katherine Alpaugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Disease Heterogeneity ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Tissue Biopsy

580 Background: The treatment of advanced breast cancer demands systemic therapies that can address disease heterogeneity and the development of treatment resistance without a “real-time” molecular window into disease biology. New technologies have focused on increased capture and molecular analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) including cells undergoing epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). We conducted a pilot experiment to test the efficiency of capture and cytokeratin (CK) detection and the presence of single point variants (SNV) to determine the best utility of scoring alternatives for CTC. Methods: EpCAM expressing CTC were recovered from breast cancer patients using CellSearch (Veridex) and LiquidBiopsy (Cynvenio Biosystems). EpCAM recovery and CK scoring were indexed in spiked samples and in 12 inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) patient samples using antibodies against CKs 7, 8 or CKs 1-8, 10, 13-16, 18, 19. Additionally, LiquidBiopsy template was analyzed using an Ampliseq 1.0 panel on the IonTorrent PGM. SNV present in the CTC but not white blood cell (WBC) negative controls were identified and where possible, compared to tissue biopsy SNV analyzed using Foundation One (Foundation Medicine). Results: CTCs were detected using CellSearch 10/12 (83%) (range 0-2502 CTC/7.5ml) and LiquidBiopsy 12/12 (100%) (range 6-2800 CTC/7.5mL). More CK positive events were scored using CKs 1-8, 10, 13-16, 18, 19 than CKs 7, 8 in patient samples. Upon sequencing, shared germline polymorphisms were observed in CTC and WBC. Conversely, 1 or 2 SNV were detected in the Epcam selected population but not WBC controls from 6/12 patients (frequency 1.1%-2.1% with 520-5160x coverage) with SNV observed in TP53, MPL, PIK3ca, MET and IDH1. All but one of the PIK3ca mutations were absent in evaluable tissue biopsy. Conclusions: CTC recovery and scoring are two separate events. Altered CK detection emphasized the need to tailor CTC classification to specific disease settings. Sequence analysis showed one correlated SNV among 6 evaluable comparisons to tissue reflecting variable analysis as well as the biologic disparity of metastatic disease. This pilot demonstrates the feasibility of using CTC for molecular analysis.

scholarly journals Post-operative condition of breast cancer patients from standpoint of psycho-oncology: Preliminary results

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kovac ◽  
Svetlana Popovic-Petrovic ◽  
Miroslav Nedeljkovic ◽  
Marijana Kojic ◽  
Sanja Tomic
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Surgery ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Near Future

Introduction. Information on being diagnosed to have cancer is always shocking for the patient, and it always causes a lot of psychosocial problems during its treatment. In these moments, patients need understanding, support and someone who can help them to apprehend all available options and choices clearly. The purpose of this study is to show the psychological states of patients with breast cancer after breast surgery, the importance of the psychological support, and first experiences in psycho-oncological management of breast cancer patients. Material and Methods. The study sample included 46 women, their average age being 52.32 (? 8.98), who had answered questions in a questionnaire in the period after surgery. Results. The patients experienced fears and worries associated with almost every part of cancer treatment likely to happen in the near future. The fear of chemotherapy and radiotherapy (67%), the horror of losing hair (59%) and the fear of relapse or disease progression (57%) were evident. Moreover, the patients dreaded the forthcoming pathological results and the decisions to be made by the Oncology Commission (57%), with accompanying insomnia caused by disturbing thoughts in 39% of the patients. Conclusion. These findings suggest that psychological support is important in this early period after breast surgery due to the vulnerability of the patients, and because it can diminish the risk of potential escalation of distress.

scholarly journals Dll1+ quiescent tumor stem cells drive chemoresistance in breast cancer through NF-κB survival pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushil Kumar ◽  
Ajeya Nandi ◽  
Snahlata Singh ◽  
Rohan Regulapati ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Cancer Resistance ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Notch Receptors ◽  
Survival Pathway ◽  
Tumor Growth And Metastasis ◽  
Near Future

AbstractDevelopment of chemoresistance in breast cancer patients greatly increases mortality. Thus, understanding mechanisms underlying breast cancer resistance to chemotherapy is of paramount importance to overcome this clinical challenge. Although activated Notch receptors have been associated with chemoresistance in cancer, the specific Notch ligands and their molecular mechanisms leading to chemoresistance in breast cancer remain elusive. Using conditional knockout and reporter mouse models, we demonstrate that tumor cells expressing the Notch ligand Dll1 is important for tumor growth and metastasis and bear similarities to tumor-initiating cancer cells (TICs) in breast cancer. RNA-seq and ATAC-seq using reporter models and patient data demonstrated that NF-κB activation is downstream of Dll1 and is associated with a chemoresistant phenotype. Finally, pharmacological blocking of Dll1 or NF-κB pathway completely sensitizes Dll1+ tumors to chemotherapy, highlighting therapeutic avenues for chemotherapy resistant breast cancer patients in the near future.

scholarly journals A new approach for modeling patient overall radiosensitivity and predicting multiple toxicity endpoints for breast cancer patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chamberlain Mbah ◽  
Kim De Ruyck ◽  
Silke De Schrijver ◽  
Charlotte De Sutter ◽  
Kimberly Schiettecatte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
New Approach
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