scholarly journals Aberrant Expression of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Indicates Potential Roles in Chronic Inflammation and Insulin Resistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 2367-2378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Xiangyun Chang ◽  
Peipei Zhang ◽  
Ling Fan ◽  
Ting Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Background/Aims: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key players in several biological processes and complex diseases. The risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is determined by a combination of environmental factors and genetic susceptibility. The purpose of this study was to identify aberrant lncRNAs involved in T2D pathogenesis. Methods: Microarray analysis was performed using whole blood samples from patients newly diagnosed with T2D and healthy controls. Pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses were utilized to annotate the target genes. Coding non-coding co-expression (CNC) analysis was performed to construct a co-expression network. Results: We found 55 lncRNAs and 202 mRNAs were differentially expressed in the T2D group compared to the healthy control group. Pathway and GO analyses demonstrated that dysregulated mRNAs were mainly associated with immune regulation, inflammation, and insulin resistance, whereas CNC analysis identified 10 pairs of co-expressed lncRNA-mRNAs in our patient cohort (R > 0.99). Furthermore, expression of the top three upregulated lncRNAs in the T2D group was correlated with measures of glycometabolism (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study identified aberrantly expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in Han Chinese patients with T2D, and demonstrated that dysregulated lncRNAs may have roles in T2D pathogenesis through regulation of inflammation and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Increased circulating levels of musclin in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Jia Chen ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Yu-Bin Sui ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Newly Diagnosed

Background: Musclin is a newly identified skeletal muscle–derived secretory factor, which has been recently characterized as a stimulator that induces insulin resistance in mice. However, the pathophysiological role of musclin in humans remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the potential correlations between musclin plasma levels and various metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: In this hospital-based study, plasma samples were collected from the enrolled individuals, including 38 newly diagnosed, treatment-naive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 41 age- and gender-matched control subjects. Plasma musclin levels were examined by radioimmunoassay. Results: Compared with the control group, musclin plasma levels were significantly higher in untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Musclin levels in the plasma of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, haemoglobin A1c, serum insulin, triglycerides and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the level of musclin was associated with the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded an area under the curve for musclin of 0.718 in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: The circulating concentration of musclin was significantly increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Our results suggest that musclin has a strong relationship with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Association between Triglyceride to HDL-C Ratio (TG/HDL-C) and Insulin Resistance in Chinese Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e0154345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingxing Ren ◽  
Zeng.ai Chen ◽  
Shuang Zheng ◽  
Tingting Han ◽  
Yangxue Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed

scholarly journals Increased Cathepsin D Correlates with Clinical Parameters in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Baoxian Chen ◽  
Xudong Zhang ◽  
Lun Tan ◽  
Dao Wen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cathepsin D ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Tei Index

Background. Cathepsin D has been recently implicated in insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between cathepsin D and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Methods. Circulating cathepsin D levels and metabolic variables were measured in 98 cases and 98 controls. Myocardial performance index “Tei index” that reflects both left ventricular systolic and diastolic function was measured with Doppler echocardiography in cases. Results. Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes demonstrated significantly higher circulating cathepsin D concentrations than controls (median level: 227 ng/ml versus 174 ng/ml, P<0.01). In newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, a significant correlation was found between cathepsin D levels and HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance) (r=0.25, P=0.01). In contrast, no significant correlation was found between cathepsin D levels and clinical parameters in the control group (all P>0.05). Interestingly, correlation analysis revealed a positive association between cathepsin D levels and Tei index in type 2 diabetes (r=0.22, P=0.03). Conclusions. Increased levels of circulating cathepsin D are closely linked with the presence of type 2 diabetes, and cathepsin D might serve as a novel biomarker for cardiac dysfunction in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Comparison of Sleeve Gastrectomy and Conservatory Treatment Effect on Biochemical and Hormonal Profile of Obese Type 2 Diabetes Subjects: CREDOR Randomized Controlled Study Results

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1622-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Simona Stefan ◽  
Andrada Mihai ◽  
Daiana Bajko ◽  
Daniela Lixandru ◽  
Laura Petcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Metabolic surgery is the most efficacious method for the treatment of morbid obesity and was recently included among the antidiabetes treatments recommended in obese type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. The aim of this study was to compare in a randomized controlled trial the effect of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) to that of intensive lifestyle intervention plus pharmacologic treatment on some markers of insulin resistance and beta cell function as well as some appetite controlling hormones in a group of male obese T2D subjects. The study groups comprised 20 subjects for SG and 21 control subjects. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, proinsulin, adiponectin, leptin, ghrelin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-%B, proinsulin-to-insulin ratio and proinsulin-to-adiponectin ratio were evaluated at baseline and after one year follow-up. Overall, patients in the SG group lost 78.98% of excess weight loss (%EWL) in comparison with 9.45% in the control group. This was accompanied by a significant improvement of insulin resistance markers, including increase of adiponectin and decrease of HOMA-IR, while no changes were recorded in the control group. Weight loss was also associated with a significant improvement of proinsulin-to-insulin and proinsulin-to-adiponectin ratio, both surrogate markers of beta cell dysfunction. These also improved in the control group, but were only marginally significant. Our findings suggest that improved insulin resistance and decreased beta cell dysfunction after sleeve gastrectomy might explain diabetes remission associated with metabolic surgery.

Gamma-oryzanol Ameliorates Insulin Resistance and Hyperlipidemia in Rats with Streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced Type 2 Diabetes

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsing-Hsien Cheng ◽  
Chien-Ya Ma ◽  
Tsui-Wei Chou ◽  
Ya-Yen Chen ◽  
Ming-Hoang Lai
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Oryzanol

Gamma-oryzanol is a component of rice bran oil (RBO) with purported health benefits. This study evaluated the effects of gamma-oryzanol on insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in Wistar rats with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The rats were divided into three groups and consumed one of the following diets for 5 weeks: 15 % soybean oil (control group); 15 % palm oil (PO); and 15 % PO with the addition of 5.25 g gamma-oryzanol (POO). The results showed that PO markedly increased plasma low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, plasma triglycerides, and hepatic triglyceride levels, but did not reduce the area under the curve for glucose and insulin significantly, compared with the control group. Adding gamma-oryzanol to PO improved the negative influence of PO on lipid metabolism in T2DM rats. In addition, gamma-oryzanol tended to increase insulin sensitivity in T2DM rats compared to control and PO groups. Longer-term studies are needed to evaluate these effects further.

scholarly journals Elabela levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: can it be a marker for diabetic nephropathy?

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 833-840
Author(s):  
Erhan Onalan ◽  
Yusuf Doğan ◽  
Ebru Onalan ◽  
Nevzat Gozel ◽  
Ilay Buran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Urine Albumin ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Group 2

Backround: Elabela (ELA) is a hormone that is secreted at high levels in the kidneys of a healthy adult. This study aims to investigate whether serum ELA levels of patients with Type 2 Diabetes vary with the severity of renal damage. Methods: Our study included 50 healthy control subjects and 100 diabetic patients, who were categorized into groups based on urine albumin/creatinine ratios (ACR). Patients included in the study were assigned to four groups: Group 1 (healthy control), Group 2 (ACR<29mg/g), Group 3 (ACR=30-299 mg/g), and Group 4 (ACR>300 mg/g normal or high serum creatinine). Physical examination findings, demographic characteristics of the study group were recorded, and serum ELA levels and other laboratory parameters were assessed using appropriate methods. Results: The results of the study indicated that ELA levels determined in healthy individuals gradually decreased through stages of normal albuminuria, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria. Moreover, ELA had a significant negative corre- lation with LDL-C (r=-0.201, p=0.014), glucose (r=-0.437, P<0.001), retinopathy (r=-0.222, P=0.006), serum BUN (r=- 0.161, P=0.049), and a positive correlation with eGFR (r=0.250, P=0.002). Conclusions: The fact that ELA levels are higher in healthy individuals compared to diabetic patients without microalbu- minuria, and higher in diabetic patients without microalbuminuria compared to patients with advanced albuminuria and kidney damage, suggests that the ELA level can be an important clinical prognostic variable and even a promising agent for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy patients. Keywords: Elabela, diabetes, diabetic kidney disease, albuminuria.

scholarly journals Effect of Arterial Hypertension on the ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and Е-selectin Level in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Liliia Mogylnytska
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Multifactor Regression ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in diabetes mellitus. Endothelial dysfunction is the first step in the development of atherosclerotic vascular lesions, which underlies cardiovascular pathology, and adhesion molecules secreted by the endothelium during inflammatory changes are involved in the progression of this lesion. The objective: the serum level of adhesive molecules (ІCAM-1, VCAM-1, Е-selectin) in hypertensive and non-hypertensive type 2 diabetes patients as a marker of endothelial dysfunction and its relationship with other risk factors for cardiovascular disease was studied. Materials and methods. We examined 64 patients with type 2 diabetes, which were divided into two subgroups: the first subgroup – 41 hypertensive type 2 diabetes patients (age – 53,56±7,14 years, BMI – 32,2±87,4; HbA1c – 9,97±2,02%), the second subgroup – 23 nonhypertensive type 2 diabetes patients (age – 50,5±4,92 years, BMI – 25,4±5,22; HbA1c – 9,09±1,95%). The control group included 18 people without diabetes with normal blood pressure (age – 50,72±6,98 years, BMI – 24,71±4,88; HbA1c – 5,26±0,42%). The serum level was determined by immunoenzyme assay. The significance of the difference between the mean values was determined by the t-Student test. Multifactor regression analysis was used to assess the relationships between the studied factors. Results. We revealed an increase of serum levels of ІCAM-1, VCAM-1, Е-selectin in hypertensive (+71,62%, +68,42%, +66,95%, respectively) and non-hypertensive type 2 diabetes patients (+46,17%, +62,79%, +42,85%, respectively) compared with the control group (p<0,01). The serum concentration of ІCAM-1, Е-selectin was higher in hypertensive type 2 diabetes patients compared to non-hypertensive type 2 diabetes patients (+17,27%, +16,86%, respectively, p<0,01). There was a significant effect of Hb1Ac, lipids, insulin resistance on the serum level of ІCAM-1, VCAM-1, Е-selectin (p<0,01). The corresponding regression equations are derived. Conclusion. There is an increase of serum level of ІCAM-1, VCAM-1, Е-selectin in hypertensive and non-hypertensive type 2 diabetes patients, which indicates the development of endothelial dysfunction. Hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance contribute to the development of these changes.

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