scholarly journals MicroRNAs in Psychological Stress Reactions and Their Use as Stress-Associated Biomarkers, Especially in Human Saliva

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrad Wiegand ◽  
Andreas Savelsbergh ◽  
Peter Heusser
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Reaction Pathways ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarkers ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Acute Psychological Stress ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Reactive Processes

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a central role in the regulation of many cellular processes including physiological and psychological stress reaction pathways. Psychological stress is an important factor for the genesis and maintenance of many diseases. Several miRNAs have already been described to be involved in its regulation. The presence of miRNAs in all body fluids implies a widespread role in communication throughout the whole organism and together with their stability makes them formidable candidates as biomarkers. Alterations of stress-associated miRNA expression levels have been found in the brain and whole blood of humans and animals. In this paper, we review the participation of miRNAs in stress-reactive processes as well as their usability as salivary biomarkers of such processes. In conclusion, we suggest that salivary miRNAs may be useful as noninvasive biomarkers to assess epigenetic regulation processes of chronic or acute psychological stress reactions.

scholarly journals Serum-Derived Neuronal Exosomal microRNAs as Stress-Related Biomarkers in an Atopic Dermatitis Model

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1764
Author(s):  
Minkyoung Sung ◽  
Soo-Eun Sung ◽  
Kyung-Ku Kang ◽  
Joo-Hee Choi ◽  
Sijoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
As Stress ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Over Time

Chronic allergic inflammatory skin disease—atopic dermatitis (AD)—is characterized by eczema, pruritus, xeroderma, and lichenification. Psychological stress is one cause of this disease; however, psychological stress will also result from the presence of AD symptoms. Previous studies have shown that psychological stress triggers neuroinflammation in the brain, where microRNAs (miRNAs) in the neuronal exosomes (nEVs) were analyzed to identify the composition of the miRNAs in the nEVs and how they were altered by AD. In this study, the AD model was induced by treatment with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). The expression patterns of neuroinflammation markers, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, cyclooxygenase-2, and glial fibrillary acidic protein, were subsequently evaluated over time. Among these groups, there was a significant difference in DNCB 14 days expression compared with the control; therefore, nEVs were isolated from serum and next-generation sequencing was performed. The results demonstrate that 9 miRNAs were upregulated and 16 were downregulated in the DNCB 14 days compared with the control. Previous studies have shown that some of these miRNAs are associated with stress and stress-induced depression, which suggests that the miRNAs in nEVs may also be stress-related biomarkers.

Fluoride bioavailability in saliva during acute psychological stress

Open Medicine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella Naumova ◽  
Tudor Sandulescu ◽  
Sven Benson ◽  
Harald Engler ◽  
Manfred Schedlowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Salivary Secretion ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Saliva Secretion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acute Psychological Stress

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of acute stress on salivary fluoride bioavailability. Acute psychological stress was induced using a standardized model of public speaking. The saliva of male subjects was collected before and after the public speaking task and immediately, 10, 30, and 120 minutes after tooth brushing according to the Bass method with a dentifrice containing amine fluoride (AmF) or oral hygiene tablets containing sodium fluoride (NaF). Subjective psychological responses to public speaking were evaluated using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Saliva cortisol levels were analyzed as an objective stress marker. The saliva secretion rate was measured both before and after public speaking. Saliva fluoride content was measured. Group comparisons were calculated using a univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA). In all analyses, the alpha-level was set at 0.05. Public speaking significantly increased state anxiety (p<0.001) and salivary cortisol concentrations (p<0.001). Acute stress did not influence salivary secretion rates. In the AmF group, stressed individuals exhibited statistically significant (p=0.044) lower fluoride concentration in saliva compared with the nonstressed subjects Acute psychological stress reactions do not cause hyposalivation but decrease fluoride bioavailability after using a dentifrice containing AmF. Fluoride bioavailability during acute stress is dependent on fluoride formulation.

937-P: Self-Reported Acute Psychological Stress Is Associated with CGM-Based Hyperglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 937-P
Author(s):  
VIKASH DADLANI ◽  
JORDAN E. PINSKER ◽  
KANCHAN KUMARI ◽  
CAMILLE C. ANDRE ◽  
MARZIA CESCON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Acute Psychological Stress

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D as a Biomarker in Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Giulia Bivona ◽  
Bruna Lo Sasso ◽  
Caterina Maria Gambino ◽  
Rosaria Vincenza Giglio ◽  
Concetta Scazzone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Key Questions

Vitamin D and cognition is a popular association, which led to a remarkable body of literature data in the past 50 years. The brain can synthesize, catabolize, and receive Vitamin D, which has been proved to regulate many cellular processes in neurons and microglia. Vitamin D helps synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission in dopaminergic neural circuits and exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities within the brain by reducing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the oxidative stress load. Further, Vitamin D action in the brain has been related to the clearance of amyloid plaques, which represent a feature of Alzheimer Disease (AD), by the immune cell. Based on these considerations, many studies have investigated the role of circulating Vitamin D levels in patients affected by a cognitive decline to assess Vitamin D’s eventual role as a biomarker or a risk factor in AD. An association between low Vitamin D levels and the onset and progression of AD has been reported, and some interventional studies to evaluate the role of Vitamin D in preventing AD onset have been performed. However, many pitfalls affected the studies available, including substantial discrepancies in the methods used and the lack of standardized data. Despite many studies, it remains unclear whether Vitamin D can have a role in cognitive decline and AD. This narrative review aims to answer two key questions: whether Vitamin D can be used as a reliable tool for diagnosing, predicting prognosis and response to treatment in AD patients, and whether it is a modifiable risk factor for preventing AD onset.

EFFECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS, ACUTE COLD STRESS, AND DIET ON FORESTOMACH CONTRACTIONS IN CATTLE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. LIRETTE ◽  
J. M. KELLY ◽  
L. P. MILLIGAN ◽  
R. J. CHRISTOPHERSON
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Alfalfa Silage ◽  
Acute Psychological Stress ◽  
Key Words Cold

Studies were made on forestomach contraction frequencies as affected by diet (brome hay, alfalfa hay, alfalfa silage and barley concentrate diet), acute cold stress and acute psychological stress. Four 15-mo-old steers fitted with ruminal fistulae were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Diets did not influence contractile frequencies of the forestomachs, and did not interact with the effects of the stresses. Acute cold stress and psychological stress both produced significant increases of forestomach contraction frequencies and of heart rate. Key words: Cold stress, psychological stress, forestomach contractions, heart rate

Commentary: The Effects of Psychological Stress on Microglial Cells in the Brain

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ti-Fei Yuan ◽  
Gonglin Hou ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Oscar Arias-Carrion
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Microglial Cells ◽  
The Brain

Differential Immune Cell Chemotaxis Responses to Acute Psychological Stress in Alzheimer Caregivers Compared to Non-caregiver Controls

2004 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Redwine ◽  
Paul J. Mills ◽  
Merna Sada ◽  
Joel Dimsdale ◽  
Thomas Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Acute Psychological Stress ◽  
Cell Chemotaxis

Forced expiratory volume is associated with cardiovascular and cortisol reactions to acute psychological stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 866-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Carroll ◽  
Adam Bibbey ◽  
Tessa J. Roseboom ◽  
Anna C. Phillips ◽  
Annie T. Ginty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Acute Psychological Stress

Integrative view of serpins in health and disease: the contribution of serpinA3

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Sanchez-Navarro ◽  
Isaac González-Soria ◽  
Rebecca Caldiño-Bohn ◽  
Norma A. Bobadilla
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Hormone Transport ◽  
Integrative View ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Regulation Of Blood Pressure ◽  
Common Function

Serpins are a superfamily of proteins characterized by their common function as serine protease inhibitors. So far, 36 serpins from nine clades have been identified. These proteins are expressed in all the organs and are involved in multiple important functions such as the regulation of blood pressure, hormone transport, insulin sensitivity, and the inflammatory response. Diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular, and kidney disorders are intensively studied to find effective therapeutic targets. Given serpins' outstanding functionality, the deficiency or overexpression of certain types of serpin have been associated with diverse pathophysiological events. In particular, we will focus on reviewing the studies evaluating the participation of serpins, and particularly SerpinA3, in diverse diseases that occur in relevant organs such as the brain, retinas, corneas, lungs, cardiac vasculature, and kidneys. In this review, we summarize the role of serpins in physiological and pathophysiological processes, as well as recent evidence on the crucial role of SerpinA3 in several pathologies. Finally, we emphasize the importance of SerpinA3 in regulating cellular processes such as angiogenesis, apoptosis, fibrosis, oxidative stress, and the inflammatory response.

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