scholarly journals Spinal Intradural Intramedullary Dissemination in the Absence of Intracranial Relapse of a Previously Radically Treated Temporal Lobe Glioblastoma Multiforme

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Serrano ◽  
Eleftherios Archavlis ◽  
Elke Januschek ◽  
Pavel Timofeev ◽  
Peter Ulrich
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Spinal Metastases ◽  
Local Relapse ◽  
Intracranial Tumor ◽  
Primary Therapy ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Level

Intracranial glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) constitutes the most frequent and unfortunately aggressive primary central nervous system malignancy. Despite the high tendency of these tumors to show local relapse within the brain after primary therapy, dissemination into the spinal axis is an infrequent event. If spinal metastases occur they are leptomeningeal in the vast majority of cases and always in the context of intracranial progressive disease. Spinal intramedullary metastases of intracranial GBM have rarely been described to date. We report the unique case of a young woman with subacute progressive paraparesis due to spinal intramedullary metastases of a temporal lobe GBM despite the remarkable absence of intracranial tumor relapse. The patient had undergone gross total resection of a left temporal GBM in contact with the ventricles and cisternal space followed by radio- and chemotherapy 13 months before. At the moment of diagnosis of spinal intramedullary metastases, there were no signs of intracranial tumor recurrence as revealed by MRI scans. Since a high level of suspicion may be needed to detect this rare evolution of intracranial GBM and other differential diagnoses must be ruled out at presentation, we discuss the important features of this case regarding clinical manifestation, diagnosis, surgery, and management. Furthermore, we mention possible factors that may have contributed to the development of these metastases in the context of intracranial remission.

Advances in Stem Instrumentation for Biology

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-363
Author(s):  
J. S. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Material Deposition ◽  
Active User ◽  
Percent Improvement ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Film Substrate ◽  
High Level

The forte of the Scanning transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) is high resolution imaging with high contrast on thin specimens, as demonstrated by visualization of single heavy atoms. of equal importance for biology is the efficient utilization of all available signals, permitting low dose imaging of unstained single molecules such as DNA.Our work at Brookhaven has concentrated on: 1) design and construction of instruments optimized for a narrow range of biological applications and 2) use of such instruments in a very active user/collaborator program. Therefore our program is highly interactive with a strong emphasis on producing results which are interpretable with a high level of confidence.The major challenge we face at the moment is specimen preparation. The resolution of the STEM is better than 2.5 A, but measurements of resolution vs. dose level off at a resolution of 20 A at a dose of 10 el/A2 on a well-behaved biological specimen such as TMV (tobacco mosaic virus). To track down this problem we are examining all aspects of specimen preparation: purification of biological material, deposition on the thin film substrate, washing, fast freezing and freeze drying. As we attempt to improve our equipment/technique, we use image analysis of TMV internal controls included in all STEM samples as a monitor sensitive enough to detect even a few percent improvement. For delicate specimens, carbon films can be very harsh-leading to disruption of the sample. Therefore we are developing conducting polymer films as alternative substrates, as described elsewhere in these Proceedings. For specimen preparation studies, we have identified (from our user/collaborator program ) a variety of “canary” specimens, each uniquely sensitive to one particular aspect of sample preparation, so we can attempt to separate the variables involved.

scholarly journals Experience as cognition: musical sense-making and the ‘in-time/ outside-of-time’ dichotomy

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Reybrouck
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Levels Of Processing ◽  
Symbolic Processing ◽  
Sensory Reactivity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

Musical sense-making relies on two distinctive strategies: tracking the moment-to-moment history of the actual unfolding and recollecting actual and previous sounding events in a kind of synoptic overview. Both positions are not opposed but complement each other. The aim of this contribution, therefore, is to provide a comprehensive framework that provides both conceptual and operational tools for coping with the sounds. Five major possibilities are proposed in this regard: (i) the concepts of perspective and resolution, which refer to the distance the listener takes with respect to the sounding music and the fine-grainedness of his/her discriminative abilities; (ii) the continuous/discrete dichotomy which conceives of the music as one continuous flow as against a division in separate and distinct elements; (iii) the in time/outside-of-time distinction, with the former proceeding in real time and the latter proceeding outside of the time of unfolding; (iv) the deictic approach to musical sense-making, which conceives of an act of mental pointing to the music, and (v) the levels of processing, which span a continuum between primitive sensory reactivity to actual sounding stimuli and high-level symbolic processing.

THE CLINICAL COURSE AFTER STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGICAL AMYGDALOHIPPOCAMPECTOMY WITH NEURORADIOLOGICAL CORRELATES

Neurosurgery ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Hoggard ◽  
Iaian D. Wilkinson ◽  
Paul D. Griffiths ◽  
Paul Vaughan ◽  
Andras A. Kemeny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Vasogenic Edema ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Mri Scans

Abstract OBJECTIVE Radiosurgical ablation of the mesial temporal lobe structures can be used in the treatment of intractable temporal lobe epilepsy associated with mesial temporal sclerosis. In this study, we analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopic changes that follow the treatment and report the clinical sequelae of the procedure. METHODS Eight patients (five men and three women; age, 38 ± 15 yr [mean ± standard deviation]) with mesial temporal sclerosis were treated with radiosurgical amygdalohippocampectomy (25 Gy to the 50% isodose region with a mean target volume of 6.2 ± 0.7 cm3). MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy were performed sequentially during a 24-month period after treatment. RESULTS Patients were followed up clinically for 24 to 53 months. MRI scans revealed changes of marked temporal lobe swelling, with often markedly elevated apparent diffusion coefficients in keeping with vasogenic edema that became apparent 6 to 12 months after stereotactic radiosurgery. Spectroscopy of the target area revealed a progressive loss of N-acetylaspartate (the late evolution of lactate) and a peak in the choline-to-creatine ratio that seemed to coincide with the peak of the vasogenic edema in the temporal lobe surrounding the target area. Clinically, all patients showed some reduction in seizure frequency, although in two patients, this reduction was modest. The MRI changes in those patients were also modest, and three patients ultimately became free of seizures. However, there was a latency of 18 to 24 months before improvements in seizure control occurred, and during this period, seizures worsened or changed in four patients. Two patients also developed symptoms of increased intracranial pressure with mild dysphasia, which responded to administration of corticosteroid medication. However, no long-term clinical verbal memory decline was identified in any patient. CONCLUSION There are marked changes in MRI scans and magnetic resonance spectroscopic findings after patients undergo radiosurgery for temporal lobe epilepsy. Our initial findings suggest that some patients may have a period of distressing symptoms that accompany changes that are visualized on the MRI scans.

scholarly journals Educational Media, Textbooks, and Postcolonial Relocations of Memory Politics in Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckhardt Fuchs ◽  
Marcus Otto
Keyword(s):  
Identity Politics ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
Memory Politics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
High Level ◽  
Strategic Politics

Cultures of remembrance or memory cultures have constituted an interdisciplinary field of research since the 1990s. While this field has achieved a high level of internal differentiation, it generally views its remit as one that encompasses “all imaginable forms of conscious remembrance of historical events, personalities, and processes.” In contrast to this comprehensive and therefore rather vague definition of “culture of remembrance” or “memory culture”, we use the term “politics of memory” here and in what follows in a more specific sense, in order to emphasize “the moment at which the past is made functional use of in the service of present-day purposes, to the end of shaping an identity founded in history.” Viewing the issue in terms of discourse analysis, we may progress directly from this definition to identify and investigate politics of memory as a discourse of strategic resignifications of the past as formulated in history and implemented in light of contemporary identity politics. While the nation-state remains a central point of reference for the politics of memory, the field is by no means limited to official forms of the engagement of states with their past. In other words, it does not relate exclusively to the official character of a state’s policy on history. Instead, it also encompasses the strategic politics of memory and identity pursued by other stakeholders in a society, a politics that frequently, but not always, engages explicitly with state-generated and state-sanctioned memory politics. Thus, the politics of memory is currently unfolding as a discourse of ongoing, highly charged debate surrounding collective self-descriptions in modern, “culturally” multilayered, and heterogeneous societies, where self-descriptions draw on historical developments and events that are subject to conflict.

scholarly journals Unusual Massive Spinal Metastases from a Recurrent Intracranial Glioblastoma Multiforme

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Basmaci ◽  
Askin Esen Hasturk ◽  
Erdal Resit Yilmaz ◽  
Hayri Kertmen ◽  
Bora Gurer
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Spinal Metastases

Functional limit theorems for high-level subcritical branching processes in random environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy I. Afanasyev
Keyword(s):  
Random Environment ◽  
Limit Theorems ◽  
Branching Process ◽  
Branching Processes ◽  
Moment Generating Function ◽  
Functional Limit ◽  
Functional Limit Theorems ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Passage Times

AbstractThe paper is concerned with subcritical branching process in random environment. It is assumed that the moment-generating function of steps of the associated random walk is equal to 1 for some positive value of the argument. Functional limit theorems for sizes of various generations and passage times to various levels are put forward.

Midsagittal Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Autism

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (6) ◽  
pp. 831-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Gaffney ◽  
Samuel Kuperman ◽  
Luke Y. Tsai ◽  
Susan Minchin ◽  
Khatab M. Hassanein
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Superconducting Magnet ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Autistic Group ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
High Level ◽  
Planimetric Measurements ◽  
Structural Brain

Since recent reports suggest structural brain abnormalities in autistic patients, we analysed magnetic resonance imaging (MAI) scans of autistic children. Planimetric measurements were done on midsagittal MRI scans, produced with a 0.5 T superconducting magnet. Scans of 13 ‘high-level’ austic subjects were compared with 35 control MRI scans, read as anatomically normal by a neuroradiologist. Corpus callosal, fourth ventricular, cerebellar, cerebral, and cranial areas were measured. The fourth ventricle was found to be significantly larger in the autistic group. No other areas in the midsagittal scans differed statistically between groups. Results suggest that structures defining the fourth ventricle are anatomically altered in autistic patients.

scholarly journals Mutual effect of labour market development and COVID-19 pandemic progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 421-428
Author(s):  
N. V. Shishkina ◽  
E. A. Mamistova ◽  
T. V. Sabetova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mutual Effect ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Consequence ◽  
Staff Retention ◽  
Current Events ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

This paper tackles the economic impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on the labor markets and human capital. Specifically, it looks into the issues the pandemic brought upon the human resources and personnel during coronavirus lockdowns. The high level of globalization characteristic of the modern economy has only exacerbated the negative impact of the pandemic. At the moment, it remains impossible to assess the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the damage caused to the economies of countries and regions by this event. However, it is possible to identify the main directions of analysis of the consequences of the pandemic, including in terms of the impact on the state of the labor market, which was the main goal of this study. In particular, the authors highlight a number of consequences, the work on overcoming which is still to be done by the Russian socio-economic system. The most obvious of them is the growth of unemployment, the release of part of the employed and the reduction in the number of jobs, and this is observed extremely unevenly across the sectors of the economy. Nevertheless, the authors point out that the problem of staff release is aggravated by the size of the share of informal employment in the labor market, especially in the sectors of public catering, leisure and tourism that have been most affected by the pandemic. As the second important problem, the authors point to ineffective staff reduction, the dismissal of useful and valuable employees of some organizations while maintaining an unnecessarily bloated staff of others. It also mentions the reasons and forms of staff retention, some of which, being either forced or economically and technologically attractive, give rise to additional problems. The authors call an important social consequence of the pandemic a reduction in the number and level of personal contacts in society, in particular, in working groups. As a result, the author's vision of the long-term consequences of current events for the state of the labor market, employment of the population and the economy as a whole is proposed.)

scholarly journals PARKS IN THE FIELD OF INCLUSIVE NATURE MANAGEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1(78)) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
N.V. VERNIHOROVA
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Park Management ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Level

Topicality. Today, the concept of inclusion is widely used in socio-economic aspects of people's lives, including in the organization of urban space. The implementation of the principles of inclusion in the field of nature management has great potential in the field of park management. At the moment it is known about the creation of the first inclusive park in Ukraine in the Dnieper. Its creation is based on the principles of affordable and safe recreation in the park for children with disabilities. Therefore, based on the role of parks as an element of public space, it is important to highlight the main opportunities and goals of their use in the field of inclusive nature management. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to analyze and summarize the features of inclusive nature management in general purpose parks. Research results. The introduction of an inclusive approach in the field of nature management is based on solving the problems of accessibility to ecosystem services of all segments of the population. Due to the vulnerability and high level of destruction of artificial ecosystems, certain environmental regulations must be met in the field of park management. These requirements are created in accordance with the specifics of the park's ecosystems and their intended use. Some types of city parks, such as: arboretums, botanical gardens, zoos, parks-monuments of landscape art, in accordance with the Law of Ukraine "On Nature Reserve Fund of Ukraine", are classified as objects of protection. Thus, the quality of ecosystem services in these areas to some extent depends on the implementation of environmental requirements. Conclusion. The study outlines the essential differences between socio-economic and natural inclusion. The main goals of the park facilities within the framework of the implementation of the inclusive approach are outlined. The positive consequences of the expansion of recreation parks and moderate recreation in urban areas are highlighted.

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