Blood Transfusion in Sickle Cell Disease

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally C. Davies ◽  
P.O. Olatunji
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Cell Disease

Abstract TP402: Sickle Cell Disease in Pediatric Stroke - Inpatient Resource Utilization in the Decade Following STOP

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Michael Taylor ◽  
Paul Horn ◽  
Heidi Sucharew ◽  
Todd A Abruzzo ◽  
Jane Khoury
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Transfusion Therapy ◽  
Stroke Population ◽  
Clinical Classification Software ◽  
Inpatient Database

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an important risk factor for stroke in children. Natural history studies demonstrate that greater than 10% of hemoglobin SS patients suffered ischemic stroke prior to age 20 years. In 1998, the Stroke Prevention Trial in Sickle Cell Anemia (STOP) successfully demonstrated the role for routine transfusion therapy in reducing stroke in at risk SCD patients. Fullerton and colleagues then found that first time stroke in SCD decreased in Californian children in the 2 years following STOP. We investigated the stroke rate and health care utilization of children with SCD for two calendar years in the decade following publication of the STOP trial using a national inpatient database. Methods: The 2000 and 2009 Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID) were used for analysis. SCD and stroke cases were identified by ICD-9 codes 282.6x, 430, 431, 432.9, 434.X1, 434.9, 435.9. We queried the KID procedural clinical classification software for utilization of services pertinent to SCD and stroke; transfusion, MRI, and cerebral angio. Results: In 2000, SCD was a discharge diagnosis in 34,294 children and 158 (0.46%) children had SCD and stroke. By 2009, discharges with SCD rose to 37,082 children with 212 (0.57%) children carrying both diagnoses. In 2000 and 2009, AIS is the most common stroke type at 83%, males account for 53% of stroke and black race was reported by 92% of SCD and stroke subjects. Procedure utilization is higher in the SCD and stroke population than in SCD without stroke (Figure 1). Blood transfusion is the most common procedure in both study years, significantly higher in stroke subjects. Conclusion: For pediatric inpatients with SCD, blood transfusion and diagnostic cerebrovascular procedures were significantly more common in the cohort with comorbid stroke. In the decade after STOP, children hospitalized with SCD and stroke represented less than 0.6% of the total inpatient SCD population.

Retinal microvascular analysis using Fundus Fluorescein Angiography in Egyptian sickle cell disease patients

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayera H El Sherif ◽  
Mahmoud A Kenny ◽  
Waheed S Elhalfawy
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Fundus Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Transfusion Therapy ◽  
Hydroxyurea Treatment ◽  
Trans Cranial Doppler

Abstract Background Sickle cell disease can affect retina of eye via vaso-occulsive changes that occur in micro-vessels of retina which could be analysed by using Fundus Fluorescein Angiography. Aim To analyze macular microvascular alternation in patients with SCD by Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA) and to assess the role of potentially contributory Clinico-pathological factors including Trans-Cranial Doppler, genotypes, hydroxyurea, transfusion therapy and finally iron overload state on the development of macular alterations. Method This was across-sectional study which included 30 Sickle cell disease patients randomly recruited from the Paediatric Haematology clinic, children Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Complete blood count (CBC), Trans-Cranial Doppler (TCD) and Fundus Fluorescein Angiography. Results In our study, there were 30 patients with mean age (14.1± 4.02), 5 patients had abnormal/conditional Trans-Cranial, 15 patients had Vaso-occlusive crises, 11 patients were on regular simple blood transfusion; all 30 studied sickle cell disease patients had normal Fundus Fluorescein Angiography and eye examination and only one patient hadabnormal visual acuity;A 29 years oldgirl who had five attacks of cerebral strokes last year, on regular simple blood transfusion and Hydroxyurea treatment with abnormal TCD and recurrent Vaso-occlusive crises in last two years, Although her vision is hand movement yet Fundus Fluorescein Angiography was normal. Conclusion we didn’t find any Retinal microvascular alternation in our studied SCD patients using Fundus Fluorescein Angiography, we related our results to the fact that our studied SCD patients were young and all our studied patients were on hydroxyurea therapy with fair compliance, further studies using large sample size are warranted in order to illustrate the utility of Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA) as a tool for better detection of sickle retinopathy.

scholarly journals ALLOIMMUNIZATION IN PATIENTS WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND THALASSAEMIA: EXPERIENCE OF SINGLE CENTRE FROM OMAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e2017013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Pathare ◽  
Salam Alkindi
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Screening And Identification

Background: Blood transfusion is an integral part of the supportive care for patients with sickle cell anemia and thalassaemia. The hazard of red cell alloimmunization, however, is one of the main complications of this therapy. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of red cell alloimmunization in Omani patients with sickle cell anemia and thalassaemia. Methods: This study included 262 patients whose historical transfusion records were available. One hundred and twenty-nine patients with thalassaemia who were attending the day care unit for regular transfusions, and 133 sickle cell anemia patients admitted at our hospital were included in this study. The Diamed gel system was used for the screening and identification of atypical antibodies. Results: The rate of alloimmunization in sickle cell anemia patients was 31% (n=41), whereas in thalassaemia patients it was 20% (n=26). Antibodies to E, e, C, c, D, K, S, Fyª, Kpª, Jkª and Cw were observed. Among the two groups, 8 developed nonspecific antibodies, and 12 developed more than one antibody; however, 85% of patients were also immunized to Rh and Kell antigens. Conclusions: Red cell transfusions are associated with a significant risk of alloimmunization. It is, therefore, imperative to perform an initial extended red cell phenotyping for both donors and recipients, and carefully select ABO, Rh and Kell matched donors.

scholarly journals How I treat and manage strokes in sickle cell disease

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 125 (22) ◽  
pp. 3401-3410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adetola A. Kassim ◽  
Najibah A. Galadanci ◽  
Sumit Pruthi ◽  
Michael R. DeBaun
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Transfusion Therapy ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Neuro Imaging

Abstract Neurologic complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in sickle cell disease (SCD). In children with sickle cell anemia, routine use of transcranial Doppler screening, coupled with regular blood transfusion therapy, has decreased the prevalence of overt stroke from ∼11% to 1%. Limited evidence is available to guide acute and chronic management of individuals with SCD and strokes. Current management strategies are based primarily on single arm clinical trials and observational studies, coupled with principles of neurology and hematology. Initial management of a focal neurologic deficit includes evaluation by a multidisciplinary team (a hematologist, neurologist, neuroradiologist, and transfusion medicine specialist); prompt neuro-imaging and an initial blood transfusion (simple followed immediately by an exchange transfusion or only exchange transfusion) is recommended if the hemoglobin is >4 gm/dL and <10 gm/dL. Standard therapy for secondary prevention of strokes and silent cerebral infarcts includes regular blood transfusion therapy and in selected cases, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A critical component of the medical care following an infarct is cognitive and physical rehabilitation. We will discuss our strategy of acute and long-term management of strokes in SCD.

Consequences and management of iron overload in sickle cell disease

Hematology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 447-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Porter ◽  
Maciej Garbowski
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Iron Loading ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Liver Iron Concentration ◽  
Liver Iron

Abstract The aims of this review are to highlight the mechanisms and consequences of iron distribution that are most relevant to transfused sickle cell disease (SCD) patients and to address the particular challenges in the monitoring and treatment of iron overload. In contrast to many inherited anemias, in SCD, iron overload does not occur without blood transfusion. The rate of iron loading in SCD depends on the blood transfusion regime: with simple hypertransfusion regimes, rates approximate to thalassemia major, but iron loading can be minimal with automated erythrocyte apheresis. The consequences of transfusional iron overload largely reflect the distribution of storage iron. In SCD, a lower proportion of transfused iron distributes extrahepatically and occurs later than in thalassemia major, so complications of iron overload to the heart and endocrine system are less common. We discuss the mechanisms by which these differences may be mediated. Treatment with iron chelation and monitoring of transfusional iron overload in SCD aim principally at controlling liver iron, thereby reducing the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Monitoring of liver iron concentration pretreatment and in response to chelation can be estimated using serum ferritin, but noninvasive measurement of liver iron concentration using validated and widely available MRI techniques reduces the risk of under- or overtreatment. The optimal use of chelation regimes to achieve these goals is described.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document