Evaluation of Infection Resistance of Biodegradable versus Conventional Annuloplasty Rings in an in vivo Rat Subcutaneous Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilhan Ozgol ◽  
Burak Can Depboylu ◽  
Aybala Tongut ◽  
Sinem Ozdemir ◽  
Yasar Bagdatlı ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Annuloplasty Ring ◽  
Ring Group ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Infection Resistance

Background: Biodegradable atrioventricular annuloplasty rings are theoretically more infection resistant due to their intra-annular implantation technique and nonporous structures (monofilament of poly-1,4-dioxanone). The aim of this study was to investigate the infection resistance of a biodegradable annuloplasty ring (Kalangos-Bioring®) in a rat subcutaneous implantation model and to compare it with a commonly used conventional annuloplasty ring (Edwards Physio II®). Methods: This study included 32 Wistar albino rats which were divided into 2 groups according to the implantation of sterile or infected annuloplasty rings as control and study groups. Each animal had 2 implantation pockets (made on the right and left side of the dorsal median line) where 1 cm of the biodegradable annuloplasty ring was implanted into one pocket and 1 cm of the conventional annuloplasty ring was implanted into the other pocket. The infection model was created by topical inoculation of 1 mL Staphylococcus aureus strain (2 × 107 colony-forming units/mL) into the implantation pockets before skin closure. Each group was equally divided into 4 subgroups according to different follow-up schedules. The animals were inspected for local as well as systemic infection signs, and the rings were explanted at weeks 2, 4, 9, and 14 following implantation. Implantation pockets were evaluated macroscopically as well as by histopathological examinations. Microbiological analysis of the explanted implants with surrounding tissue was done by using quantitative sonication method. Results: Conventional ring-implanted pockets showed a more prominent inflammation reaction than the biodegradable ring-implanted pockets, and this characteristic was found to be accentuated with bacterial contamination. The sterile rings did not reveal any positive cultures in either group. The number of positive cultures found in conventional rings contaminated with S. aureus was greater than in the biodegradable ring group (11/16 vs. 2/16 positive cultures, respectively; p = 0.0032). The amounts of growing bacteria in the culture environment were also statistically significantly higher in the conventional ring group (7,175 ± 5,936 vs. 181 ± 130 colony-forming units/mL, respectively; p < 0.0005). Conclusions: This is the first experimental study confirming the theoretical advantage of the infection resistance of the biodegradable annuloplasty ring (Kalangos-Bioring®) when implanted in an active infectious environment. Large animal models mimicking clinical scenarios and clinical comparative studies are needed to verify our results.

scholarly journals Microbiological evaluation of bristles of frequently used toothbrushes

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso André Ferreira ◽  
Geovana Dagostim Savi ◽  
Ana Paula Panatto ◽  
Jaqueline da Silva Generoso ◽  
Tatiana Barichello
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Macconkey Agar ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The World ◽  
Good Hygiene ◽  
Negative Conclusion

INTRODUCTION: Brushing teeth is probably the practice of oral hygiene most common in the world; however, inadequate use can become a risk to the population health, once they may be contaminated with various microorganisms. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bacterial contamination on toothbrush bristles using different methodologies. METHOD: We used 40 toothbrushes from healthy individuals aged 3 to 58 years. The samples were grown in test tubes containing trypticase soy broth sterile, and with the help of a tracking 0.1 μl samples were placed on plates containing sheep blood agar 5% and MacConkey agar then the samples were stored in a bacteriological incubator at 37°C for 24 hours for later analysis. It was counted the colony forming units and bacteria identification present in the brush. RESULTS: On the microbiological analysis, there was a growth of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus coagulase negative. CONCLUSION: According to the results presented in this study, we observed a high incidence of bacterial contamination in the brushes analyzed. The most frequent microorganisms were members of the Enterobacteriaceae. The usage time of toothbrushes may be related to contamination found and, therefore, not only good hygiene ensures the reduction of microbial load, but replacing the toothbrush can also ensure individuals better oral health.

scholarly journals Clinical and Microbiological Evaluation of Brazilian Red Propolis Containing-Dentifrice in Orthodontic Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Hildo de Carvalho Furtado Júnior ◽  
Lídia Audrey Rocha Valadas ◽  
Said Gonçalves da Cruz Fonseca ◽  
Patrícia Leal Dantas Lobo ◽  
Lays Helena Maia Calixto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of dentifrice containing brazilian red propolis (BRP) in adolescents under orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods. This is a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. A total of 92 participants free from caries were randomized into 2 groups; the first received fluoride dentifrice, and the second received fluoride dentifrice incorporated with BRP. The gingival bleeding index (GBI) was recorded, and saliva was collected on the baseline (D0) and after 28 days (D28) for microbiological analysis. Data from GBI and Colony Forming Units (CFU) (log10) were expressed as mean and standard deviation. Results. The two groups reduced GBI significantly, with no difference in the intergroup analysis. In the intragroup analysis, it was observed that G2 (p<0.001) had a significant reduction for Gram-negative bacteria, while there was significance (p<0.001) in the intergroup analysis when compared with G1. For S. mutans bacteria, it was observed that only G2 had a statistically significant reduction (p<0.001), and there was significant reduction (p=0.006) in the intergroup analysis of the G2 group when compared with G1. Conclusions. Dentifrice containing BRP demonstrated better clinical and microbiological activity. Future studies are needed to better identify effects to establish the use of dentifrice containing propolis in biofilm control.

scholarly journals Stem Cells: Innovations in Clinical Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan T. Sutton ◽  
Tracey L. Bonfield
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Small Proteins ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Cellular Recruitment ◽  
Regenerate Tissue

The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as clinical therapeutics is a relatively new avenue of study for treatment of a variety of diseases. The therapeutic impact of the MSCs is based upon their multiplicities of function and interaction with host tissues. MSCs can be anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antimicrobial, and regenerative, all which may improve outcomes in scenarios of damaged tissues and inflammation. Although most studies focus on utilizing MSCs to direct clinical efficacy, it is the ability to orchestrate host response in surrounding tissue that is especially unique and versatile. This orchestration of host response can be applied to a variety of clinical scenarios not only through cell-cell interactions but also through production of bioactive secreted factors. These bioactive factors include small proteins, chemokines, cytokines, and other cellular regulators. These factors have the capacity to induce angiogenesis or blood vessel development, be chemotactic, and induce cellular recruitment. MSCs also have the capacity to differentiate with the implicated environment to regenerate tissue or accommodate host tissue in a cell specific manner. The differentiation cannot only be donein vivobut also can be optimizedin vitroprior toin vivoadministration, potentiating the versatility of the MSCs and opening avenues for corrective therapy and cell delivery of genes. The differentiation process depends on the environment with which the MSCs are put and results in active communication between the newly administered cells host tissue. Since these properties have been identified, there are a variety of clinical trials and studies being conducted on MSCs ability to treat human disease. This review outlines the potential use of MSCs, the types of tissue, and the innovative applications of MSCs for the treatment of diseases.

Percutaneous Ultrasound Guided Cholecystocentesis and Microbiological Analysis of Bile in Chronic Diarrhoea of Cattle

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arati Hansda ◽  
C. S. Randhawa ◽  
M. Chandra ◽  
J. Mohindroo ◽  
S. S. Randhawa
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diarrhoea ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Bile Samples

Background: Chronic diarrhoea is a frequently presenting complaint by the cattle owners and some presents as non-responsive to routine treatment. Such cases are often a diagnostic challenge because of wide ranging etiologies. In Indian context few data is available on prevalent causes of chronic diarrhoea in bovines. Salmonellosis is one of the important cause of chronic diarrhoea in crossbred cattle. Therefore, the study was conducted to investigate the role of Salmonella in chronic diarrhoea of crossbred cattle and to determine microbiological profile of bile in cattle with chronic idiopathic diarrhoea. Methods: Twenty (n=20) adult dairy cattle presented with the history of chronic diarrhoea at Large Animal Clinics, GADVASU, Ludhiana from September 2015 to June 2016 were selected for the study. Case histories were recorded, faecal, blood and bile samples were collected from 20 animals. Bile was collected through ultrasound guided cholecystocentesis (PUC) from 20 cattle and five healthy cattle. The faecal and bile samples were cultured for isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens using selective and non-selective media with special emphasis on isolation of Salmonella spp. Microscopic examination of faeces were done to rule out parasitic cause of diarrhoea and for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). The serum samples were employed to detect antibodies against Mycobacterium avium spp paratuberculosis using serum ELISA. Result: Investigations have showed culture of bile and faecal did not yield Salmonella spp; however E.coli was isolated from 6 cows (30%), Klebsiella spp in 9 cows (45%) and Pseudomonas spp from 1 cow (5%) from bile culture of diarrhoeic cattle. PCR results of E.coli culture from bile showed hlyA virulence genes which expected band at 534 bp however these isolates were negative for other virulence gene of E.coli. It was observed in this study that bactibilia was associated with chronic diarrhoea in three fourth of the diarrhoeic cattle.

scholarly journals Comparison of antimicrobial activity of thymol and carvacrol to chlorhexidine in surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e4310716310
Author(s):  
Danilo Chizzolini Masocatto ◽  
Mariza Akemi Matsumoto ◽  
Tulio Marcos Kalife Coelho ◽  
Ellen Cristina Gaetti Jardim ◽  
José Carlos Garcia de Mendonça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Third Molar Extraction ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

Currently, there is a constant search for new chemical compounds through plant extracts and phytochemical compounds that do not cause so many side effects in the oral cavity and that have good antimicrobial properties. Therefore, the present study evaluated the synergistic antimicrobial efficacy of mouthwashes containing thymol and carvacrol when compared with 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash after bilateral lower third molar extraction. Nineteen healthy (male and female) patients (n = 19) aged between 18 and 30 years, of both sexes, treated at the Faculty of Dentistry of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS, MS, Brazil) participated in this study. All patients were submitted to two different therapeutic treatments, divided into two groups: group 1 (control) - patient used 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash solution; group 2 (experimental) - patient used 0.05% thymol and 0.025% carvacrol solutions. The suture was removed at seven postoperative days and aseptically transferred to a tube containing sterile potassium buffer saline solution. Samples were submitted to microbiological analysis at the Microbiology Laboratory at UFMS. The mean and standard deviation of colony forming units/ml of isolate microorganisms in the suture grown in BHI agar obtained from the control and experimental groups were 4.766 x 106 ± 4.069 and 4.847 x 106 ± 3.971, respectively. In conclusion, the thymol and carvacrol based mouthwash showed antimicrobial effectivity in biofilm adherence of the silk thread after extraction of third molars.

scholarly journals Rapid Microbiological Assessment in Raw Milk: Validation of a Rapid Alternative Method for the Assessment of Microbiological Quality in Raw Milk

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1186
Author(s):  
Nicla Marri ◽  
Francesca Losito ◽  
Loris Le Boffe ◽  
Gilberto Giangolini ◽  
Simonetta Amatiste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Biological Survey ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Plate Count Method

The consumption of dairy products and the dairy industry are one of the main global agri-food sectors for its size, economic importance, and level of technology. Microbiological quality of pasteurized milk or other milk products is dependent on microbiological quality of raw milk. A variety of microbiological count methods is available for monitoring the hygienic quality of raw milk. Among them, the pour plate method is the official essay for counting the number of colony-forming units in milk samples according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) No. 4833-1:2013. The aim of the present study is the validation of the Micro Biological Survey (MBS) method, against the reference plate-count method, for the assessment of the microbiological quality of raw milk. This comparative study, performed in collaboration with the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri (IZSLT), demonstrates the accuracy of this alternative method for the determination of total viable bacterial count in cow’s raw milk. The results obtained with the MBS method highlight its potential as a valid tool for reliable microbiological analysis in dairy industries.

scholarly journals Fruit-Enhanced Resistance to Microbial Infection Induced by Selective Laser Excitation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia G. Gonzálvez ◽  
Jorge B. Jiménez ◽  
Ángel González Ureña
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Enhanced Resistance ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses ◽  
Colony Forming Units

Table grapes were irradiated with laser pulses at two different wavelengths: one selected at 302.1 nm, that is, resonant with the transresveratrol biphoton absorption band, and another selected at 300 nm, that is a nonresonant wavelength where trans-resveratrol two-photon absorption is negligible. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopic analyses of the irradiated grapes' skin showed an enhancement of polyphenols' content when the resonant wavelength was employed. Furthermore, microbiological analysis performed with nontreated (control), nonresonant, and resonantly irradiated grapes demonstrated how the last samples developed a significantly lower number of colony forming units. Since the only difference between the two (resonant and nonresonant) irradiation conditions was just a couple of nanometres in the employed UV-B laser wavelengths, the germicidal effect should be considered very similar. As a result, the observed difference in the table grape resistance to microbial infection was attributed to a wavelength-dependent-induced photochemistry. Finally, the potentiality of this method to enhance the postharvest health status of table grapes is remarked.

scholarly journals Rapid Microbiological Assessment in Raw Milk. Validation of a Rapid Alternative Method for the Assessment of Microbiological Quality in Raw Milk.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicla Marri ◽  
Francesca Losito ◽  
Loris Le Boffe ◽  
Gilberto Giangolini ◽  
Simonetta Amatiste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Biological Survey ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Plate Count Method

The consumption of dairy products and the dairy industry is one of the main global agro-food sectors for size, economic importance and level of technology. Microbiological quality of pasteurized milk or other milk products is dependent on microbiological quality of raw milk. A variety of microbiological count methods is available for monitoring the hygienic quality of raw milk. Among them, the pour plate method is the official essay for counting the number of colony forming units in milk samples according to ISO 4833-1:2013. The aim of the present study is the validation of the Micro Biological Survey (MBS) method, against the reference plate count method, for the assessment of the microbiological quality of raw milk. This comparative study, performed in collaboration with the &ldquo;Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri&rdquo; (IZSLT), demonstrates the accuracy of this alternative method for the determination of total viable bacterial count in cow&rsquo;s raw milk. The results obtained with the MBS method highlighting its potential as a valid tool for reliable microbiological analysis in dairy industries.

scholarly journals Biofabricating murine and human myo-substitutes for rapid volumetric muscle loss restoration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Costantini ◽  
Stefano Testa ◽  
Ersilia Fornetti ◽  
Claudia Fuoco ◽  
Minghao Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Neuromuscular Junctions ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Muscle Loss ◽  
Volumetric Muscle Loss ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Clinical Scenarios

AbstractThe importance of skeletal muscle tissue is undoubted being the controller of several vital functions including respiration and all voluntary locomotion activities. However, its regenerative capability is limited and significant tissue loss often leads to a chronic pathologic condition known as volumetric muscle loss. Here, we propose a biofabrication approach to rapidly restore skeletal muscle mass, 3D histoarchitecture and functionality. By recapitulating muscle anisotropic organization at the microscale level, we demonstrate to efficiently guide cell differentiation and myobundle formation both in vitro and in vivo. Of note, upon implantation, the biofabricated myo-substitutes support the formation of new blood vessels and neuromuscular junctions – pivotal aspects for cell survival and muscle contractile functionalities – together with an advanced along with muscle mass and force recovery. Together, these data represent a solid base for further testing the myo-substitutes in large animal size and a promising platform to be eventually translated into clinical scenarios.

scholarly journals Calidad Microbiológica Del Agua En La Cuenca Media Del Río Usumacinta, Tabasco, México

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Temani Durán-Mendoza ◽  
José Ulises González-de la Cruz ◽  
Manuel González-Pérez ◽  
Carolina del Carmen Pérez-Sánchez ◽  
Raúl Hernández Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Water Plant ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Del Rio

Some species of pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Shigella, among others, are a threat to the ichthyofauna that lives in freshwater rivers. This threat extends to the human population that develops various activities in this environment. Food products derived from these activities can affect consumers as well. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the microbiological quality of water in the middle basin of the Usumacinta River, Tabasco, Mexico. A total of 63 water samples were collected in 12 sampling sites: 36 in the dry season and 27 in the rainy season in 2013. The microbiological analysis was carried out according to Mexican standards. The highest concentration of CT was detected in Usumacinta (Usu) (130 NMP / 100mL) during the dry season and in Petunia (Pet) (240 NMP / 100mL) during the rainy season. The highest concentration of CF was detected in the water plant (Pa), Pet and Estapilla (Est) (34 NMP / 100mL), during the rainy season. The results of CT and CF registered significant differences in the Colony Forming Units (CFU), due to seasonality (p <0.05). Thus, they were not significant due to the effect of the sampling sites (p <0.05). Also, 284 putative strains of enterobacteria isolated and identified mainly Escherichia sp and Salmonella sp in the two studied seasons. These results are one of the first evidences of the microbiological quality of water in the middle basin of the river Usumacinta, Mexico.

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