scholarly journals Standing Up Slowly Antagonises Initial Blood Pressure Decrease in Older Adults with Orthostatic Hypotension

Gerontology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline S. de Bruïne ◽  
Esmee M. Reijnierse ◽  
Marijke C. Trappenburg ◽  
Jantsje H. Pasma ◽  
Oscar J. de Vries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Transition ◽  
Standing Up

Background: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is common in older adults and associated with increased morbidity and mortality, loss of independence and high health-care costs. Standing up slowly is a recommended non-pharmacological intervention. However, the effectiveness of this advice has not been well studied. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether standing up slowly antagonises posture-related blood pressure (BP) decrease in a clinically relevant population of geriatric outpatients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 24 community-dwelling older adults referred to a geriatric outpatient clinic and diagnosed with OH were included. BP was measured continuously during 3 consecutive transitions from supine to standing position during normal, slow and fast transition. Results: The relative BP decrease at 0-15 s after slow transition was significantly lower than after normal transition (p = 0.003 for both systolic BP and diastolic BP) and fast transition (p = 0.045 for systolic BP; diastolic BP: non-significant). The relative diastolic BP decrease at 60-180 s after normal transition was significantly lower than after fast transition (p = 0.029). Conclusion: Standing up slowly antagonises BP decrease predominantly during the first 15 s of standing up in a clinically relevant population of geriatric outpatients diagnosed with OH. Results support the non-pharmacological intervention in clinical practice to counteract OH.

scholarly journals Visual Acuity’s Association With Levels of Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Swanson ◽  
Eric Bodner ◽  
Patricia Sawyer ◽  
Richard M. Allman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
University Of Alabama ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The University

Little is known about the effect of reduced vision on physical activity in older adults. This study evaluates the association of visual acuity level, self-reported vision, and ocular disease conditions with leisure-time physical activity and calculated caloric expenditure. A cross-sectional study of 911 subjects 65 yr and older from the University of Alabama at Birmingham Study of Aging (SOA) cohort was conducted evaluating the association of vision-related variables to weekly kilocalorie expenditure calculated from the 17-item Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. Ordinal logistic regression was used to evaluate possible associations while controlling for potential confounders. In multivariate analyses, each lower step in visual acuity below 20/50 was significantly associated with reduced odds of having a higher level of physical activity, OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67, 0.97. Reduced visual acuity appears to be independently associated with lower levels of physical activity among community-dwelling adults.

scholarly journals Relationship between Oral Hypofunction and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Otassha Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6666
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Kugimiya ◽  
Masanori Iwasaki ◽  
Yuki Ohara ◽  
Keiko Motokawa ◽  
Ayako Edahiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Tongue Pressure ◽  
Swallowing Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Oral hypofunction, resulting from a combined decrease in multiple oral functions, may affect systemic-condition deterioration; however, few studies have examined the association between oral hypofunction and general health among older adults. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between oral hypofunction and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. We included 878 adults (268 men and 610 women, mean age 76.5 ± 8.3 years). Tongue coating index, oral moisture, occlusal force, oral diadochokinesis (/pa/,/ta/,/ka/), tongue pressure, mas-ticatory function, and swallowing function were evaluated as indicators of oral hypofunction. Grip strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle mass index were measured as diagnostic sarcopenia parameters. The association between oral hypofunction and sarcopenia was examined via logistic regression using sarcopenia as the dependent variable. Oral hypofunction prevalence was 50.5% overall, 40.3% in men, and 54.9% in women. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 18.6% overall, 9.7% in men, and 22.5% in women. A logistic regression showed oral hypofunction, age, body mass index, higher-level functional capacity, and serum albumin level were significantly associated with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia occurred at an increased frequency in patients diagnosed with oral hypofunction (odds ratio: 1.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–2.47); accordingly, oral hypofunction appears to be significantly associated with sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Frailty is associated with susceptibility and severity of pneumonia in older adults (A JAGES multilevel cross-sectional study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kousuke Iwai-Saito ◽  
Yugo Shobugawa ◽  
Jun Aida ◽  
Katsunori Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Depression Status ◽  
Respiratory Infectious Diseases ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractPneumonia is a leading cause of mortality among older adults worldwide. Recently, several studies reported that frailty was associated with mortality among older adults hospitalized due to respiratory infectious diseases, including pneumonia. However, it is unknown whether frailty is associated with susceptibility to and severity of pneumonia in functionally-independent community-dwelling older adults. In this study, we examined whether frailty increased the susceptibility to pneumonia and hospitalization in older adults. We used cross-sectional data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study; the data was collected by using mail-based, self-reported questionnaires from 177,991 functionally-independent community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 65 years. Our results showed that frailty was significantly associated with both occurrence of and hospitalization due to pneumonia after adjustments with covariates; (Preference ratio {PR} 1.92, 95% confidence interval {95% CI} [1.66–2.22] and PR 1.80, 95% CI [1.42–2.28], respectively, p < 0.001 for the both). Pre-frailty was associated only with the occurrence of pneumonia. Besides, the instrumental activity of daily living, physical strength, nutrition status, oral function, homeboundness, and depression status in frail older adults were associated with either or both occurrence of and hospitalization due to pneumonia. Our results suggest that frailty influenced the susceptibility to and severity of pneumonia in older adults.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of a Hilly Environment on Depressive Symptoms among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4520
Author(s):  
Takafumi Abe ◽  
Kenta Okuyama ◽  
Tsuyoshi Hamano ◽  
Miwako Takeda ◽  
Masayuki Yamasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Although some neighborhood environmental factors have been found to affect depressive symptoms, few studies have focused on the impact of living in a hilly environment, i.e., land slope, on depressive symptoms among rural older adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether a land slope is associated with depressive symptoms among older adults living in rural areas. Data were collected from 935 participants, aged 65 years and older, who lived in Shimane prefecture, Japan. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and defined on the basis of an SDS score ≥ 40. Land slopes within a 400 m network buffer were assessed using geographic information systems. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of depressive symptoms were estimated using logistic regression. A total of 215 (23.0%) participants reported depressive symptoms. The land slope was positively associated with depressive symptoms (OR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.01–1.08) after adjusting for all confounders. In a rural setting, living in a hillier environment was associated with depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adults in Japan.

Abstract P080: Glucose Homeostasis, Diabetes, and Orthostatic Hypotension in a Community-based Population: The ARIC Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P Juraschek ◽  
Natalie Daya ◽  
A. Richey Sharrett ◽  
Elizabeth Selvin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Background: Although orthostatic hypotension (OH) screening is recommended for adults with diabetes, the extent to which blood glucose (BG) levels are associated with OH has not been characterized. Hypothesis: Higher BG levels are associated with having OH, while low levels of BG are not associated with OH. Methods: We examined the cross-sectional association of OH with BG and diabetes status in middle-aged (range 44 to 66 yrs) ARIC participants (1987-1989). OH was defined as a drop in blood pressure (systolic ≥20 mm Hg or diastolic ≥10 mm Hg) within 2 min of standing, when transitioning from the supine to standing position. Using logistic regression, we examined the association of the following 5 categories of BG without diabetes or diabetes and OH: (1) low-normal BG (fasting BG <80 or non-fasting BG <100 mg/dL), (2) high-normal BG (fasting BG of 80-99 or non-fasting BG of 100-139 mg/dL), (3) pre-diabetes (fasting BG of 100-125 or non-fasting BG of 140-199 mg/dL), (4) undiagnosed diabetes (fasting BG ≥126 or non-fasting BG ≥200 mg/dL), or (5) diabetes (self-reported diagnosis or current medication use). We also modeled BG as a continuous variable by diabetes status, using restricted cubic splines to characterize the association between BG level and OH. Results: In 12,636 participants (mean age 54.6 ± 5.7 yrs, 55% women, 26% black), 4.3% had OH at baseline. The mean BG was 108 ± 38 mg/dL; 7% had diabetes (self-reported diagnosis or diabetes medications). After adjustment, adults with low BG (group 1) or diabetes (group 5) were both more likely to have OH compared to the normal BG group (group 2) with ORs of 2.15 (95% CI: 1.26, 3.65) and 2.20 (95% CI: 1.65, 2.92), respectively. Continuous characterization of the relationship between BG and OH was U-shaped for participants with or without diabetes ( Figure, panels A&B ). Conclusions: Low BG in adults without diabetes, diabetes, and high BG in adults with diabetes were associated with OH. This suggests a more prominent role for BG homeostasis in blood pressure stabilization with standing.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document