scholarly journals Esophageal Cancer with Bone Marrow Hyperplasia Mimicking Bone Metastasis: Report of a Case

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Yasuda ◽  
Tadanobu Shimura ◽  
Masato Okigami ◽  
Shigeyuki Yoshiyama ◽  
Masaki Ohi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Thoracic Esophagus ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Macroscopic Appearance ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

A 63-year-old man visited the clinic with numbness in the right hand. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated multiple low-intensity lesions in the cervical vertebrae and sacrum, which was suspicious of cervical bone metastasis. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed areas of increased fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the thoracic esophagus, sternum and sacrum. A flat, elevated esophageal cancer was identified by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and the macroscopic appearance indicated early-stage disease. From the cervical, thoracic and abdominal computed tomography images, there were no metastatic lesions except for the bone lesions. To confirm whether the bone lesions were metastatic, we performed bone biopsy. The histopathological diagnosis was bone marrow hyperplasia. It was crucial for treatment planning to establish whether the lesions were distant metastases. Here, we report a case of esophageal cancer with bone marrow hyperplasia mimicking bone metastasis.

scholarly journals U-Net Plus: Deep Semantic Segmentation for Esophagus and Esophageal Cancer in Computed Tomography Images

IEEE Access ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 82867-82877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuchao Chen ◽  
Han Yang ◽  
Jiawen Fu ◽  
Weijian Mei ◽  
Shuai Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

scholarly journals Radiation-induced occult insufficiency fracture or bone metastasis after radiotherapy for cervical cancer? The nomogram based on quantitative apparent diffusion coefficients for discrimination

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Zhong ◽  
Huali Jiang ◽  
Hui Mai ◽  
Jialin Xiang ◽  
Jiansheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Bone Metastases ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Radiation Induced

Abstract Background Radiation-induced insufficiency fractures (IF) is frequently occult without fracture line, which may be mistaken as metastasis. Quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) shows potential value for characterization of benign and malignant bone marrow diseases. The purpose of this study was to develop a nomogram based on multi-parametric ADCs in the differntiation of occult IF from bone metastasis after radiotherapy (RT) for cervical cancer. Methods This study included forty-seven patients with cervical cancer that showed emerging new bone lesions in RT field during the follow-up. Multi-parametric quantitative ADC values were measured for each lesion by manually setting region of interests (ROIs) on ADC maps, and the ROIs were copied to adjacent normal muscle and bone marrow. Six parameters were calculated, including ADCmean, ADCmin, ADCmax, ADCstd, ADCmean ratio (lesion/normal bone) and ADCmean ratio (lesion/muscle). For univariate analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the performance. For combined diagnosis, a nomogram model was developed by using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 75 bone lesions were identified, including 48 occult IFs and 27 bone metastases. There were significant differences in the six ADC parameters between occult IFs and bone metastases (p < 0.05), the ADC ratio (lesion/ muscle) showed an optimal diagnostic efficacy, with an area under ROC (AUC) of 0.887, the sensitivity of 95.8%, the specificity of 81.5%, respectively. Regarding combined diagnosis, ADCstd and ADCmean ratio (lesion/muscle) were identified as independent factors and were selected to generate a nomogram model. The nomogram model showed a better performance, yielded an AUC of 0.92, the sensitivity of 91.7%, the specificity of 96.3%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 97.8% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 86.7%, respectively. Conclusions Multi-parametric ADC values demonstrate potential value for differentiating occult IFs from bone metastasis, a nomogram based on the combination of ADCstd and ADCmean ratio (lesion/muscle) may provide an improved classification performance.

scholarly journals Bifid canals: identification of three clinical cases using cone-beam computed tomography images

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-266
Author(s):  
Paulo de Camargo MORAES ◽  
Daniela Prata TACCHELLI ◽  
Rubens Gonçalves TEIXEIRA ◽  
Luciana Butini OLIVEIRA ◽  
José Luiz Cintra JUNQUEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
First Case ◽  
Clinical Cases

ABSTRACT Anatomical variations of mandibular canal have rarely been reported in the literature. The aim of this paper is to present three clinical cases of bifid mandibular canal diagnosed with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) as well as discuss its clinical implications. The first case is very interesting due to its anatomic variation verified in a panoramic radiograph during orthodontic planning, mimicking an odontogenic tumor. The second and the third cases were identified during tomographic evaluation for third molar exodontia. The diagnosis of bifid canals is extremely relevant in order to avoid complications during surgical procedures and implant placement as well as anesthesia failures which cause pain, paresthesia and bleeding. Furthermore, the shape of these anatomical variations can be confused with bone lesions.

scholarly journals A three-dimensional computed tomography study to determine the ideal method for fluoroscopically-guided bone marrow aspiration from the iliac crest

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan S. D'Souza ◽  
Langping Li ◽  
Shuai Leng ◽  
Christine Hunt ◽  
Luke Law ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Iliac Crest ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Sciatic Notch ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Neurovascular Structures

Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) through the iliac crest is potentially unsafe due to the vicinity of neurovascular structures in the greater sciatic notch. Our objective was to investigate the safety of a recently described BMA technique, specifically a trajectory from the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) to the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS). We conducted a chart review of 260 patients, analyzing three-dimensional reconstructed computed tomography images of the pelvis and sacrum to validate that this new approach offers a wide safety margin from the greater sciatic notch. Analysis of three-dimensional computed tomography scans demonstrated that the PSIS to AIIS trajectory never crossed the greater sciatic notch. The trajectory was noted to be at least one cm away from the greater sciatic notch in all measurements. The new trajectory entered the PSIS at 25.29 ± 4.34° (left side) and 24.93 ± 4.15° (right side) cephalad from the transverse plane, and 24.58 ± 4.99° (left side) and 24.56 ± 4.67° (right side) lateral from the mid-sagittal plane. The area of bone marrow encountered with the new approach was approximately 22.5 cm2. Utilizing the same CT scans, the trajectory from the traditional approach crossed the greater sciatic notch in all scans, highlighting the potential for violating the greater sciatic notch boundary and damaging important neurovascular structures. Statistically significant sex-related differences were identified in needle trajectory angles for both approaches. We conclude that based on this three-dimensional computed tomography study, a trajectory from the PSIS to the AIIS for BMA may offer a wide safety margin from the greater sciatic notch.

scholarly journals Cox-2 expression after chemotherapy in a canine nasal transitional cell carcinoma: a case report

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 599-604
Author(s):  
JE Ojeda ◽  
M. Moroni ◽  
M. Mieres ◽  
E. Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Transitional Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Tumour Mass ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Cox 2

An eight year-old mixed breed dog was referred for evaluation with chronic sneezing, epistaxis and nasal bone deformation. A clinical exam revealed a deformity of the left nasal bone. Cytological evaluation of the nasal cavity showed round and cuboid cells in different stages of maturation. Computed tomography images identified a diffuse soft tissue mass in the nasal cavity. The histopathological diagnosis was transitional cell carcinoma. Chemotherapy with cisplatin and piroxicam was initiated. Computed tomography was used to follow the chemotherapy outcome. As many nasal carcinomas express COX-2, its expression was evaluated before and after chemotherapy. Computed tomography revealed a significant reduction of the tumour mass. Inmunohistochemistry showed a marked decrease in COX-2 expression and after 1120 days, the dog remained without clinical signs. Thus, the use of piroxicam and cisplatin is revealed to be effective in the treatment of a nasal transitional carcinoma in a dog. Also, it is possible to postulate that a decrease in COX-2 expression after chemotherapy may be regarded as an indication for a good response to the treatment and favourable outcome. To the authors&rsquo; knowledge this is the first report that evaluates COX-2 expression after chemotherapy.&nbsp;

Active Bone Marrow With Focal FDG Accumulation Mimicking Bone Metastasis With a Case of Early Esophageal Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 258-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chio Okuyama ◽  
Naomi Sasaki ◽  
Motoki Nishimura ◽  
Shigenori Matsushima ◽  
Rika Yoshimatsu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Early Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Fdg Accumulation

The added value of SPECT/spiral CT in patients with equivocal bony metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (06) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Shi ◽  
B. Li ◽  
L. Cai ◽  
Y. Gu ◽  
Y. Xiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Spiral Ct ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate the incremental value provided by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/spiral computed tomography (CT) over SPECT alone for the evaluation of equivocal bone lesions in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients, methods: This was a retrospective study of 65 patients (61 men and 4 women; mean age, 53.1 ± 10.1 years; age range, 31–78 years) with HCC confirmed by pathology who underwent planar whole body scintigraphy and SPECT/CT. Each lesion was scored visually using a 5-point scale (0, negative; 1, benign; 2, likely benign; 3, likely bone metastasis; 4, bone metastasis). Lesions in which diagnostic confidence was scored as 3 or 4 were categorized into metastases.The final diagnosis of each lesion was based on pathological confirmation or follow-up by whole body scintigraphy and SPECT/spiral CT conducted two or more times. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of SPECT alone and SPECT/CT were computed. Results: The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of SPECT alone were 78.4, 70.9%, 94.9%, 96.8% and 59.7%, respectively. Moreover, for agreement of SPECT alone and the final results, the kappa value was 0.567 (p < 0.001), which was considered to be moderate agreement. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of SPECT/CT were 99.2%, 100%, 97.4%, 98.9% and 100 %, respectively. Furthermore, for agreement of SPECT/CT and the final results, the kappa value was 0.981 (p < 0.001), which was considered to be nearly perfect agreement. Conclusions: SPECT/spiral CT is more accurate and valuable than SPECT alone in the differential diagnosis of equivocal bone lesions in patients with HCC.

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