scholarly journals Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Urinary Bladder: A Case Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiki Etani ◽  
Taku Naiki ◽  
Takashi Nagai ◽  
Keitaro Iida ◽  
Ryosuke Ando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Resected Tumor ◽  
Muscle Invasion ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a distinctive neoplasm composed of myofibroblastic and fibroblastic spindle cells, accompanied by inflammatory infiltration of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. IMTs rarely occur in the urinary bladder. It is important to distinguish this tumor from other malignant spindle cell tumors. Herein, we report a patient with an IMT showing muscle invasion, who underwent a transurethral resection of the bladder tumor and, at a later date, partial cystectomy. The resected tumor specimen revealed a proliferation of spindle-shaped cells on a background of plasma cells and lymphocytes. Immunohistochemical staining showed the tumor to be positive for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), smooth muscle actin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Such histopathological findings were indicative of an IMT, suggesting the use of inhibitors of ALK and VEGF as pharmacotherapy.

Intraocular Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor With ALK Overexpression

2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. e5-e7
Author(s):  
Dennis P. O'Malley ◽  
Christopher Poulos ◽  
Magdalena Czader ◽  
Warren G. Sanger ◽  
Attilio Orazi
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Multiple Copies

Abstract We report a case of an intraocular inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor nearly filling the vitreous cavity of the eye of a 50-year-old man. The tumor was composed of a mixture of spindle cells and mixed inflammatory elements, including numerous plasma cells. The differential diagnosis included inflammatory pseudotumor and neoplastic mimics of this condition. Further investigation with immunohistochemistry revealed the mass to be composed of myofibroblasts, positive for smooth muscle actin stains and with weak anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) expression in some tumor cells. Evaluation by fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed the tumor cells to have multiple copies of chromosome 2 and ALK but no rearrangement of the ALK gene. The authors propose that multiple copies of the ALK gene may be involved in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor tumorigenesis, in addition to ALK gene rearrangements.

scholarly journals Voluminous Omental Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor in an Elderly Man: A Case Report and Literature Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Cianci ◽  
Antonio Ambrosi ◽  
Alberto Fersini ◽  
Nicola Tartaglia ◽  
Vincenzo Lizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Greater Omentum ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Mesenchymal Neoplasm ◽  
Spindle Cell Proliferation

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare neoplasm of intermediate biologic potential, with uncertain etiology. This tumor occurs primarily in the lung, but the tumor may affect any organ system. A 75-year-old male was evaluated for voluminous palpable high abdominal mass with continuous and moderately abdominal pain, associated with abdominal distension for the last two months. Abdominal computed tomography showed a large (32×29×15 cm) heterogeneously enhanced mass with well-defined margins. At surgery, the mass originated from the greater omentum was completely excised. Histologically the tumor was a mesenchymal neoplasm in smooth muscle differentiation and was characterized by spindle-cell proliferation with lymphocytes, plasma cells, and rare eosinophils. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin and smooth muscle actin and negative for anaplastic lymphoma kinase. Complete surgical resection of IMTs remains the mainstay of treatment associated with a low rate of recurrence. Final diagnosis should be based on histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. Appropriate awareness should be exercised by surgeons to abdominal IMTs in combination with constitutional symptoms, abnormal hematologic findings, and radiological definition, to avoid misdiagnosed.

Effect of Acellular Bovine Pericardium and Urinary Bladder Submucosa Matrixes in Reconstruction of Ventro-Lateral Hernias in Bucks; Molecular Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Areeg K. M. Al-ebadi
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Bovine Pericardium ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Urinary Bladder Matrix ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Molecular Evaluation

The present study aimed to estimate the efficiency of both a cellular bovine pericardium and bovine urinary bladder matrix sheets in the reconstruction of large ventro-lateral hernias in Iraqi bucks by using of molecular evaluation depending on real time-polymerase chain reaction technique to investigate the level of basic-fibroblast growth factor  and vascular endothelial growth factor  genes during the healing process and reconstruction of the abdominal defects. Under sedation and local anesthesia, (6cm X 8cm size) of ventro-lateral hernias were induced in 24 of Iraqi bucks. The animals were divided randomly into two main equal groups. In bovine pericardium-treatment group, the hernias were treated with onlay implantation of bovine pericardium. While, the hernias in UBM-treatment group were treated with onlay implantation of urinary bladder matrix, 30 days post-inducing of hernias. The molecular evaluation along the period of following-up recorded a significant up-regulation of the level of basic-fibroblast growth factor gene specific for presence of fibroblasts, myofibroblasts and collagen deposition in urinary bladder matrix -treatment group in comparison to bovine pericardium -treatment group with significant difference even at the end of the study. While, a significant up regulation of the levels of angiogenesis classic gene vascular endothelial growth factor  were recorded in the bucks of bovine pericardium -treatment group compared to urinary bladder matrix -treatment group. In conclusion; molecular detection of the level of growth factors in target tissue can be used as an important criterion.

scholarly journals Mid-luteal angiogenesis and function in the primate is dependent on vascular endothelial growth factor

2001 ◽  
Vol 168 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
SE Dickson ◽  
R Bicknell ◽  
HM Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Endothelial Cell Proliferation ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential for the angiogenesis required for the formation of the corpus luteum; however, its role in ongoing luteal angiogenesis and in the maintenance of the established vascular network is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether VEGF inhibition could intervene in ongoing luteal angiogenesis using immunoneutralisation of VEGF starting in the mid-luteal phase. In addition, the effects on endothelial cell survival and the recruitment of periendothelial support cells were examined. Treatment with a monoclonal antibody to VEGF, or mouse gamma globulin for control animals, commenced on day 7 after ovulation and continued for 3 days. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), used to label proliferating cells to obtain a proliferation index, was administered one hour before collecting ovaries from control and treated animals. Ovarian sections were stained using antibodies to BrdU, the endothelial cell marker, CD31, the pericyte marker, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and 3' end DNA fragments as a marker for apoptosis. VEGF immunoneutralisation significantly suppressed endothelial cell proliferation and the area occupied by endothelial cells while increasing pericyte coverage and the incidence of endothelial cell apoptosis. Luteal function was markedly compromised by anti-VEGF treatment as judged by a 50% reduction in plasma progesterone concentration. It is concluded that ongoing angiogenesis in the mid-luteal phase is primarily driven by VEGF, and that a proportion of endothelial cells of the mid-luteal phase vasculature are dependent on VEGF support.

scholarly journals Angelica dahurica and Rheum officinale Facilitated Diabetic Wound Healing by Elevating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Yuh-Huey Chao ◽  
Wan-Ting Yang ◽  
Ming-Chang Li ◽  
Fwu-Lin Yang ◽  
Ru-Ping Lee
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Angelica Dahurica ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Diabetic Wounds ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provides alternative treatment choices for diabetic wounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Angelica dahurica and Rheum officinale (ARE) on diabetic wounds and its underlying action mechanism. A total of 36 healthy male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: diabetes mellitus (DM) rats treated with ARE (DM-ARE), DM rats treated with 0.9% saline (DM-NS), and non-DM rats treated with 0.9% saline (NDM-NS). DM was induced by intraperitoneal administration of 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin after a 2-week high-fat diet feeding. After excisional skin wounds and treatments, the remaining wound area (RWA) in each group was measured. The RWA in the DM-NS group (69.60% ± 2.35%) was greater than that in the DM-ARE (55.70% ± 1.85%) and NDM-NS groups (52.50% ± 2.77%) on day 6. Besides, the DM-ARE group showed higher vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), higher inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs), higher [Formula: see text]-smooth muscle actin ([Formula: see text]-SMA), and lower nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-[Formula: see text]B) expression in the wound skin tissue. These results showed that treatment with ARE shifted the recovery pattern of diabetic rats to the pattern of nondiabetic rats, indicating that ARE may improve wound healing in diabetic conditions.

scholarly journals Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the pancreas in a dog

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-882
Author(s):  
Mariarita Romanucci ◽  
Sabrina V. P. Defourny ◽  
Marcella Massimini ◽  
Laura Bongiovanni ◽  
Giovanni Aste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Coagulative Necrosis ◽  
Spindle Cells

A large, ill-defined, firm, multinodular mass involving the pancreas was confirmed on postmortem examination of a 5-y-old, male Rottweiler that died following acute respiratory distress syndrome, after a period of anorexia and lethargy. Histologically, the mass consisted of plump spindle cells admixed with a variable number of macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and neutrophils. Foci of coagulative necrosis and hemorrhage were also observed. Spindle cells strongly reacted to antibodies against vimentin, α–smooth muscle actin, and calponin, whereas desmin was expressed only mildly and focally. Pan-cytokeratin, KIT, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and S100 protein were nonreactive. Variable numbers of MAC 387–positive cells, CD3+ lymphocytes, and numerous blood vessels were also detected throughout the mass. Histologic and IHC findings were consistent with a diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the pancreas.

scholarly journals Morphological and Immunohistochemical Description of a Splenic Haemangioma in a Captive European Wolf (Canis lupus lupus) and a Review of the Current Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Josep Maria Monné Rodríguez ◽  
Federico Morandi ◽  
Paolo Cavicchio ◽  
Alessandro Poli ◽  
Ranieri Verin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Vascular Tumors ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Factor C ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Neoplastic diseases are rarely described in wild carnivores; only a few reports have been published on this topic. Here, we describe the histological and immunohistochemical features of a haemangioma in the spleen of a grey wolf (Canis lupus lupus) and we compare the results with the dog (Canis lupus familiaris). Additionally, we list the different publications found in the literature with neoplastic lesions in wolves. Our results show similar immunohistochemical features to dogs, in which neoplastic cells express Vimentin, von Willebrand factor, alpha smooth muscle actin antibody, vascular endothelial growth factor C and low vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3. Toluidine blue special stain shows moderated increased numbers of mast cells infiltrating the tumor, a feature observed in benign vascular tumors in domestic dogs, but not in the malignant counterparts. To our knowledge, this is the first article describing the gross, histological and immunohistochemical features of a splenic haemangioma in a wolf.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Urinary Bladder with Atypical Clinical and Pathological Features: a Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Xingwang ◽  
Wang Yixiang ◽  
Liu Yili
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Partial Cystectomy ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Bladder Dome

Abstract Background: The inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of urinary bladder is very rare, this case and often misdiagnosed as bladder cancer. We report a patient with atypical clinical features with dysuria and lower abdominal pain. Case presentation: A 32-year-old man presented with dysuria and lower abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated that a solitary non-papillary tumor was located at the wall of the bladder dome. Partial cystectomy was successfully managed. Immunohistochemically, positivity of the tumor cells for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), Actin (SM), vimentin, cytokine (CK), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and Ki-67. Based on the the above clinical features、histopathology and immunohistochemical, the tumor was definitively diagnosed as bladder’s IMT. After 24 months, there was no signs of recurrence and metastasis with CT and cystoscopy.Conclusion: A rare case of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of urinary bladder after partial cystectomy was reported. It is essential for urologists and scientists to entirely understand the characteristics of the inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and make a better clinical guideline, to avoid over treatments.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells Undergoing Transdifferentiation

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Kook-Hwan Oh ◽  
Hui Xu ◽  
Peter J. Margetts
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Peritoneal Tissue ◽  
Peritoneal Mesothelium ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Objective To analyze gene expression of localized peritoneal tissue structures in a rodent model of peritoneal fibrosis. Methods Female Sprague Dawley rats were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of an adenovirus expressing active transforming growth factor-beta or control adenovirus. Four and 7 days after infection, animals were sacrificed and frozen sections of parietal peritoneum were subjected to immunofluorescence-aided laser capture microdissection in order to isolate vascular, mesothelial, and submesothelial structures. RNA was extracted from microdissected tissue and gene expression was analyzed by quantitative reverse-transcript polymerase chain reaction. We analyzed genes involved in angiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transdifferentiation, and fibrosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor and alpha-smooth muscle actin expression was analyzed with immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed tissue. Results Transforming growth factor-β1 induced expression of Snail and alpha-smooth muscle actin genes in the peritoneal mesothelium. This same cell population also demonstrated increased gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. The distribution of this growth factor was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The fibrogenic growth factor, connective tissue growth factor, was also strongly induced in the peritoneal mesothelium. Conclusions Using immunofluorescence-aided laser capture microdissection, we were able to study gene expression in subcompartments of the peritoneal tissue. We demonstrated that mesothelial cells exhibiting mesenchymal transdifferentiation are associated with increased expression of genes associated with fibrosis and angiogenesis.

scholarly journals Can Targeting Hypoxia-Mediated Acidification of the Bone Marrow Microenvironment Kill Myeloma Tumor Cells?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Gastelum ◽  
Mysore Veena ◽  
Kylee Lyons ◽  
Christopher Lamb ◽  
Nicole Jacobs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Incurable Cancer ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer arising from malignant plasma cells that engraft in the bone marrow (BM). The physiology of these cancer cells within the BM microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in MM development. These processes may be similar to what has been observed in the TME of other (non-hematological) solid tumors. It has been long reported that within the BM, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), increased angiogenesis and microvessel density, and activation of hypoxia-induced transcription factors (HIF) are correlated with MM progression but despite a great deal of effort and some modest preclinical success the overall clinical efficacy of using anti-angiogenic and hypoxia-targeting strategies, has been limited. This review will explore the hypothesis that the TME of MM engrafted in the BM is distinctly different from non-hematological-derived solid tumors calling into question how effective these strategies may be against MM. We further identify other hypoxia-mediated effectors, such as hypoxia-mediated acidification of the TME, oxygen-dependent metabolic changes, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), that may prove to be more effective targets against MM.

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