scholarly journals Pure Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma Originating from the Urinary Bladder

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Nagai ◽  
Taku Naiki ◽  
Noriyasu Kawai ◽  
Keitaro Iida ◽  
Toshiki Etani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Bladder Tumors ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
The Right

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder (LELCB) is a rare variant of infiltrating urothelial carcinoma. We report a case of LELCB in a 43-year-old man. Ultrasonography and cystoscopy revealed two bladder tumors, one on the left side of the trigone and the other on the right side of the trigone. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumors was performed and pathological analysis revealed undifferentiated carcinoma. We therefore performed radical cystectomy and urinary diversion. Immunohistochemically the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin, but negative for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization as found for previous cases of LELCB. The final pathological diagnosis was a lymphoepithelioma-like variant of urothelial carcinoma with perivesical soft tissue invasion. For adjuvant systemic chemotherapy, three courses of cisplatin were administered. The patient subsequently became free of cancer 72 months postoperatively. Based on the literature, pure or predominant LELCB types show favorable prognoses due to their sensitivity to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. An analysis of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of bladder tumors examined in our institution revealed that the ADC value measured for this LELCB was relatively low compared to conventional urothelial carcinomas. This suggests that measuring the ADC value of a lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma prior to operation may be helpful in predicting LELCB.

scholarly journals Apparent diffusion coefficient cannot discriminate metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes in rectal cancer: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Surov ◽  
Hans-Jonas Meyer ◽  
Maciej Pech ◽  
Maciej Powerski ◽  
Jasan Omari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Metastatic Lymph Nodes ◽  
Metastatic Lymph ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values

Abstract Background Our aim was to provide data regarding use of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for distinguishing metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes (LN) in rectal cancer. Methods MEDLINE library, EMBASE, and SCOPUS database were screened for associations between DWI and metastatic and non-metastatic LN in rectal cancer up to February 2021. Overall, 9 studies were included into the analysis. Number, mean value, and standard deviation of DWI parameters including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of metastatic and non-metastatic LN were extracted from the literature. The methodological quality of the studies was investigated according to the QUADAS-2 assessment. The meta-analysis was undertaken by using RevMan 5.3 software. DerSimonian, and Laird random-effects models with inverse-variance weights were used to account the heterogeneity between the studies. Mean DWI values including 95% confidence intervals were calculated for metastatic and non-metastatic LN. Results ADC values were reported for 1376 LN, 623 (45.3%) metastatic LN, and 754 (54.7%) non-metastatic LN. The calculated mean ADC value (× 10−3 mm2/s) of metastatic LN was 1.05, 95%CI (0.94, 1.15). The calculated mean ADC value of the non-metastatic LN was 1.17, 95%CI (1.01, 1.33). The calculated sensitivity and specificity were 0.81, 95%CI (0.74, 0.89) and 0.67, 95%CI (0.54, 0.79). Conclusion No reliable ADC threshold can be recommended for distinguishing of metastatic and non-metastatic LN in rectal cancer.

scholarly journals Histological and Electron Microscopic Studies of Endemic Ethmoidal Carcinomas in Cattle

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pospischil ◽  
T. Haenichen ◽  
H. Schaeffler
Keyword(s):  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Olfactory Mucosa ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Tumor Types

In five cases of endemic ethmoidal carcinoma in cattle from the Dominican Republic three tumor types could be classified: undifferentiated carcinoma (3), adenocarcinoma (1), and squamous cell carcinoma (1). Electron microscopy showed that the tumor cells in undifferentiated carcinomas closely resembled the cells of the normal olfactory mucosa. This was especially true for the dark cells of Bowman's gland. Ultrastructurally, the lymphoid cells of the undifferentiated bovine carcinoma resembled the lymphoid cells of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma being closely associated with Epstein-Barr Virus. This and epidemiological observations suggested a viral cause of endemic ethmoidal carcinoma.

Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Lymphoid Stroma of the Major Salivary Glands

1990 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen R. Cleary ◽  
John G. Batsakis
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma ◽  
Lymphoepithelial Lesion ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Lymphoid Stroma ◽  
Major Salivary Glands ◽  
Epstein Barr

Undifferentiated carcinoma with lymphoid stroma or lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the major salivary glands is a demographically and histopathologically unique malignancy. Although whites may have the disease, it is preponderantly a carcinoma of North American Eskimos and native Greenlanders. The carcinoma shares many features with undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinomas, from which it must be distinguished: histologic appearance, putative relationship with Epstein-Barr virus, predilection for mongoloid races, and response to therapy. In some cases, the carcinoma appears to have evolved from a lymphoepithelial lesion.

scholarly journals Differentiating Benign from Malignant Sinonasal Lesions: Feasibility of Diffusion Weighted MRI

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 358-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled El-Gerby ◽  
Mohammad El-Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Histopathological Results

Introduction Appearance of nasal masses on routine CT and MRI are not pathognomonic. We utilized the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value obtained from diffusion weighted image (DWI) to detect the differences in the microstructures of tumor and non-tumor tissues. Objective The objective of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic role of DWI and ADC values in differentiating between malignant and benign sinonasal lesions and its correlation with histopathological results as the reference standard. Methods Patients with nasal and / or paranasal mass underwent CT, MRI, and DWI before any surgical intervention. We used diagnostic sinonasal endoscopy and biopsy to confirm the diagnosis after MRI. Results When we used ADC value of (1.2 × 10–3 mm2/s) as a cut-off value for differentiating benign from malignant sinonasal lesions, we achieved 90% accuracy, 100% sensitivity, 88.4% specificity, 77.8% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value. At this cut-off, benign lesions show statistically significant higher ADC value than malignant tumors. Conclusion DW MRI and ADC value calculation are promising quantitative methods helping to differentiate between malignant and benign sinonasal lesions. Thus, they are effective methods compared with other conventional methods with short imaging time thus it is recommended to be incorporated into routine evaluations.

Absence of Epstein-Barr virus infection in squamous cell carcinoma of upper urinary tract and urinary bladder

Urology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwai-Fong Ng ◽  
Cheng-Keng Chuang ◽  
Phei-Lang Chang ◽  
Sheng-Hsien Chu ◽  
Christopher Glenn Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Barr Virus Infection

scholarly journals NI-14 EVALUATION OF PREOPERATIVE APPARENT DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT (ADC) OF PERITUMORAL LESION FOR PREDICTING SITE PRONE TO RECURRENCE IN PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii28-ii28
Author(s):  
Kenichiro Matsuda ◽  
Kaori Sakurada ◽  
Takamasa Kayama ◽  
Yukihiko Sonoda
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Extent Of Resection ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Postoperative Mri ◽  
Retrospective View ◽  
Signal Region ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values

Abstract PURPOSE In the surgery of glioblastoma (GBM), the maximum safe resection is desired in order to prevent recurrence. The purpose of this study is to make it possible to evaluate the site in which the recurrence after resection of the tumor occur, according to the findings in preoperative MRI, and to avoid the recurrence. METHOD The 26 initial cases with GBM treated in our department was investigated. Preoperative MRI, postoperative MRI, and follow-up MRI during the course were analyzed in a retrospective view. In the FLAIR high-signal area around the contrast-enhanced tumor body in preoperative MRI, we investigated the relationship between the site and the ADC value, from the standpoint of whether a recurrence occurred or not. RESULTS For preoperative MRI of 26 patients, the FLAIR high-signal region was set to a total of 54 ROI, and several values, such as the ADC values, were measured. In the preoperative images, ADC were higher in the site where the no recurrence occurred during the postoperative course and lower in the site where the recurrence occurred. CONCLUSION In the FLAIR high-signal area around the tumor in preoperative images, ADC value is useful in evaluating whether it has tendency to develop the recurrence in the future course or not. It was suggested that significant recurrence occurs at part with low-ADC value. It is considered useful for the planning of the extent of resection in the surgery and the irradiation range in radiation treatment.

Influence of menstrual status and pathological type on the apparent diffusion coefficient in cervical cancer: a primary study

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512092689
Author(s):  
Yue Dong ◽  
Rui Tong Dong ◽  
Xiao Miao Zhang ◽  
Qing Ling Song ◽  
Tao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Cervical Cancers ◽  
Menstrual Status ◽  
Pathological Type ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values

Background Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value is an important quantitative parameter in the research of cervical cancer, affected by some factors. Purpose To investigate the effect of pathological type and menstrual status on the ADC value of cervical cancer. Material and Methods A total of 352 individuals with pathologically confirmed cervical cancer between January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively enrolled in this study, including 317 cases with squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 35 cases with adenocarcinomas (AC); 177 patients were non-menopausal and 175 were menopausal. All patients underwent a routine 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) examination using b-values of 0, 800, and 1000 s/mm2. Three parameters including mean ADC (ADCmean), maximum ADC (ADCmax), and minimum ADC (ADCmin) of cervical cancer lesions were measured and retrospectively analyzed. Independent samples t-test was used to compare the difference of ADC values in different menstrual status and pathological types. Results In all menopausal and non-menopausal patients, the ADCmean and ADCmin values of SCC were lower than those of AC ( P<0.05), the ADCmax of two pathological types showed no statistical difference ( P > 0.05). In menopausal patients, the ADCmean, ADCmax, and ADCmin values of SCC were not statistically different compared with those of AC ( P > 0.05). The ADCmean, ADCmax, and ADCmin values of different pathological types cervical cancers in non-menopausal patients were all higher than those in menopausal patients ( P<0.05). Conclusion The ADC values of the cervical cancers were different in different pathological types and were also affected by menstrual status.

scholarly journals Assessment of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values as Predictor of Aggressiveness in Peripheral Zone Prostate Cancer: Comparison with Gleason Score

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayan Sirat Maheen Anwar ◽  
Zahid Anwar Khan ◽  
Rana Shoaib Hamid ◽  
Fahd Haroon ◽  
Raza Sayani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values

Purpose. To determine association between apparent diffusion coefficient value on diffusion-weighted imaging and Gleason score in patients with prostate cancer. Methods. This retrospective case series was conducted at Radiology Department of Aga Khan University between June 2009 and June 2011. 28 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer were included who underwent ultrasound guided sextant prostate biopsy and MRI. MRI images were analyzed on diagnostic console and regions of interest were drawn. Data were entered and analyzed on SPSS 20.0. ADC values were compared with Gleason score using one-way ANOVA test. Results. In 28 patients, 168 quadrants were biopsied and 106 quadrants were positive for malignancy. 89 lesions with proven malignancy showed diffusion restriction. The mean ADC value for disease with a Gleason score of 6 was 935 mm2/s (SD=248.4 mm2/s); Gleason score of 7 was 837 mm2/s (SD=208.5 mm2/s); Gleason score of 8 was 614 mm2/s (SD=108 mm2/s); and Gleason score of 9 was 571 mm2/s (SD=82 mm2/s). Inverse relationship was observed between Gleason score and mean ADC values. Conclusion. DWI and specifically quantitative ADC values may help differentiate between low-risk (Gleason score, 6), intermediate-risk (Gleason score, 7), and high-risk (Gleason score 8 and 9) prostate cancers, indirectly determining the aggressiveness of the disease.

scholarly journals Spectrum of histomorphological diagnosis in cystoscopic bladder biopsies

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1062-1065
Author(s):  
R Thapa ◽  
M Lakhey ◽  
AD Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Bladder Tumors ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma

Background:  Urinary bladder lesions are the main source of significant clinical symptoms which are more disabling than lethal. Bladder tumors constitute one of the most common urological pathology. Urothelial carcinoma accounts for 90% of all primary tumors of the bladder. This study aimed to determine the frequency of different types of lesions of the urinary bladder and to determine the grade and stage of urothelial tumors.Materials and Methods: This is a 2 years cross sectional study of cystoscopic biopsies carried out in the Department of Pathology, Medicare National Hospital and Research Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal.Results:  Out of 87 cases, 58 (66.67%) cases were neoplastic lesions and 29(33.33%) cases were non- neoplastic lesions. Majority of neoplastic lesions 96.55% were urothelial (transitional cell) tumors comprising predominantly of low grade papillary urothelial carcinoma 50.91%. Muscle invasion was seen only in high grade papillary urothelial carcinomas.Conclusion: Among bladder tumors low grade papillary urothelial carcinoma is the most common. 

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