Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Patients with Ocular Toxocariasis in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 235 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalu Liu ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Xunda Ji ◽  
Yu Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Ocular Toxocariasis

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with ocular toxocariasis. Methods: Ocular toxocariasis was diagnosed and treated in 46 children from Shanghai and surrounding provinces. The diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis was confirmed immunologically by performing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on serum and/or intraocular fluid. All pediatric patients and their guardians completed a questionnaire concerning their cases and living habits. Results: The mean age of onset was 6 ± 3 years. Most children (85%) resided in rural areas, and 91% of the children had contact with adult dogs or puppies. At the first visit, visual acuity (VA) was <20/200 in 36 cases, and we detected peripheral granuloma in 36 patients. In our study, the most common signs were vitritis, vitreous strands, and tractional retinal detachment. The Optomap 200Tx device detected granuloma with an 85% sensitivity, which is much higher than that of other techniques. We treated 40 cases (87%) with topical corticosteroids, while 28 patients (61%) were treated with systemic corticosteroids. Only 18 children (39%) required surgical intervention. All patients were examined and treated by the same ophthalmologists. Conclusions: Preschool children in China are more often affected by toxocariasis compared with other age groups. The most common signs included unilateral granuloma and ocular inflammation. In our study, clinical manifestations were severe and complicated. At the first visit, VA was <20/200 in most patients. Ocular toxocariasis was diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs and symptoms; the diagnosis was confirmed by immunological testing. Techniques using the Optomap 200Tx device can facilitate the early detection and lead to better visual prognosis.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Clinical Presentation of Chikungunya Virus Infection among Febrile Outpatients Seeking Health Care in Mzuzu City, Malawi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flywell Kawonga ◽  
Gerald Misinzo ◽  
Dylo Pemba ◽  
Leonard Mboera ◽  
Isaac Thom Shawa
Keyword(s):  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies

Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV. We conducted this study determine the seroprevalence and clinical presentation of Chikungunya infection among outpatients seeking healthcare in Mzuzu City, Malawi. Blood samples were collected from malaria negative and non-septic febrile outpatients with fevers &ge;38 &deg;C, for not more than 5 days. The enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to detect anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies and its results were used to determine seroprevalence of Chikungunya. A total of 119 serum samples were tested, of these, 73 (61.3%) tested positive for anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies by ELISA. Laboratory requisition forms were used to capture demographic information such as age, sex, clinical signs and symptoms presented by the enrolled patients. Age groups of 1-9, 10- 19, 20- 29, 30- 39, 40- 49, and &ge;50 years had 17.8% (n= 13), 12.3 %,( n=9), 15.1%) (n=11), 19.2%; (n=14), 17.8% (n=13) and 17.8% (n=13) proportion of seroprevalence respectively. Most of the CHIKV infected individuals presented with fever (52.05%), joint pain (45.21%) and abdominal pain (42.67%). The presence of anti- CHIKV IgM antibodies suggest the presence of recent CHIKV infection and therefore accurate laboratory assays are highly recommended for CHIKV diagnosis and appropriate management of febrile patients.

scholarly journals Clinical Manifestations and Associated Complications of Scrub Typhus in Odisha, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalatendu Mohanty ◽  
Aditya Dhanawat ◽  
Partisha Gupta ◽  
Guncha Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Scrub Typhus ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Care Physician ◽  
Organ Systems

Introduction: Scrub typhus is a re-emerging illness in the South-East Asia and other parts of the world caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, which is a mite-borne bacterium belonging to the Rickettsiaceae family. It has varied clinical manifestations and affects multiple organ systems. In Asia, about 1 million new cases are identified annually. Aim: The aim was to conduct a retrospective study to observe the clinical profile and complications of scrub typhus in South-Eastern India. Materials and Methods: Clinical data of 240 patients who were 18 years of age or above, admitted in the Department of Internal Medicine and diagnosed with scrub typhus by means of IgM Enzyme-linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA) was collected. Demographic profile, clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory parameters, co-infections and complications were reviewed. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square test. Results: Majority of the patients were males, between the age of 18-29 years and lived in rural areas. Forty-three (17.9%) patients were admitted in the ICU and the remaining in wards. Sixty-nine (28.8%) patients had consolidation and 11 (4.6%) had Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Twenty-one (8.8%) patients had jaundice and 76 (31.7) had hepatomegaly. Twenty-one (8.8%) patients had meningo-encephalitis and 18 (7.5%) had acute kidney injury. Twelve (5%) patients had co-infection with dengue and 8 (3.3%) had malaria. Conclusion: This study shows wide and varied presentation of scrub typhus infection along with the course of the disease and response to the treatment. The diagnostic clues such as fever, eschar, rashes, lymphadenopathy should be kept in mind by a primary care physician as early recognition and treatment can prevent its dangerous complications and reduce the mortality due to the disease. Occurrence of co-infections should also be kept in mind for better management of the patient.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics and Empirical Research Model of Infectious Mononucleosis Complicated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae or/and Cytomegalovirus Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jie Cai ◽  
Liping Yuan ◽  
Hui Gao ◽  
Bo Hu ◽  
Ming Gui
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr

To study the clinical features of infectious mononucleosis (IM) caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) mixed with Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) or/and cytomegalovirus (CMV)infection, collected 201 hospitalized children who met the IM diagnostic criteria, the clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, complications, treatment, and outcome were compared among EBV infection alone and EBV mixed with MP or/and CMV infection. Most of the children with IM were preschoolers, more frequently occurred in boys than girls. EBV patients with MP had the longest duration of fever. When mixed pathogen infections were involved, the white blood cell count of preschool children was significantly increased, while splenomegaly was more common in older children. In the cases of EBV infection alone, abnormal liver function was positively correlated with age ( P = 0.044 ). Mixed pathogen infections were more common in children with IM, occurring in all age groups, and some clinical characteristics were related to the age of onset and the pathogen of the infection.

Advances in Medical Genetics: Huntington Disease

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
Frederick Hecht
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Huntington Disease ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Genetics ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Huntington Chorea

Medical genetics is currently enjoying a time of exploration and discovery. Huntington disease has long been of interest in adult medicine. The onset of clinical signs and symptoms is usually delayed until midadulthood. It may seem strange in this context to focus on Huntington disease, but advances in molecular genetics have brought Huntington disease into the purview of pediatrics. These advances in molecular genetics make it possible to detect Huntington disease in a preclinical stage at or even before birth. The molecular approach does not replace prior approaches to Huntington disease but is synergistic and provides a model of the new genetics. Huntington disease is synonymous with Huntington chorea. It is named after George Huntington who, like his father and grandfather before him, studied the disease in families on Long Island, NY. Huntington disease is a more common hereditary disorder than phenylketonuria, which occurs in one of about 10,000 newborns in the United States. By contrast, about one in 2,000 persons is at risk for Huntington disease. Although most cases start clinically in midadulthood, usually between 35 and 42 years of age, there is great variability in age of onset. About 3% of cases are diagnosed as juvenile Huntington disease before the age of 15 years. Late onset is well known after 50 years of age.

scholarly journals Observation of initial clinical manifestations and repercussions from the treatment of 314 human injuries caused by black sea urchins (Echinometra lucunter) on the southeastern Brazilian coast

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidal Haddad Junior
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Early Observation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Marine Animals

INTRODUCTION: Injuries caused by sea urchins are the most common caused by marine animals in humans in Brazil, with the black sea urchin (Echinometra lucunter) causing the most injuries to bathers. METHODS: This study observed 314 human wounds with emphasis on the early observation of clinical signs and symptoms and their implications on the recommended treatment. RESULTS: All the injuries were caused by black sea urchins and were observed in bathers. The lesions and the pain were associated with penetration of the spines; there was no early inflammation or pain without pressure on the wounded places. Complications arising from this kind on injury, including infections and foreign body granulomas, are associated with the permanence of the spines in the wounds. CONCLUSIONS: The study confirmed that this kind of injury is the most common accident caused by aquatic animals in Brazil. The main therapeutical recommendation is early removal of the spines to prevent late complications, such as infections and the formation of foreign body granulomas.

scholarly journals Behcet’s Disease: An In-depth Review About Pathogenesis, Gastrointestinal Manifestations And Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Nguyen ◽  
Shubhra Upadhyay ◽  
Muhammad Ali Javaid ◽  
Abdul Moiz Qureshi ◽  
Shahan Haseeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behçet’S Disease ◽  
Behcet’S Disease ◽  
Behçet's Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Disorder ◽  
Robust Algorithms ◽  
Behcet's Disease ◽  
Relapsing Remitting

Background: Behcet’s Disease (BD) is a complex inflammatory vascular disorder that follows a relapsing-remitting course with diverse clinical manifestations. The prevalence of the disease varies throughout the globe and targets different age groups. There are many variations of BD, however, intestinal BD is not only more common but has many signs and symptoms. Summary: BD is a relapsing-remitting inflammatory vascular disorder with multiple system involvement, affecting vessels of all types and sizes that targets young adults. The etiology of BD is unknown but many factors including genetic mechanisms, vascular changes, hypercoagulability and dysregulation of immune function are believed to be responsible. BD usually presents with signs and symptoms of ulcerative disease of the small intestine; endoscopy being consistent with the clinical manifestations. The mainstay of treatment depends upon the severity of the disease. Corticosteroids are recommended for severe forms of the disease and aminosalicylic acids are used in maintaining remission in mild to moderate forms of the disease. Key messages: In this review, we have tried to summarize in the present review the clinical manifestations, differential diagnoses and management of intestinal BD. Hopefully, this review will enable health policymakers to ponder over establishing clear endpoints for treatment, surveillance investigations and creating robust algorithms.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity and non-opportunistic character of Blastocystis spp.: a hospital-based survey in Central Cameroon

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (05) ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Jupsa-Mbiandou ◽  
Samuel Fosso ◽  
Edimo Billé ◽  
Tito T Mélachio-Tanekou ◽  
Gideon Ajeagah-Aghaindum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blastocystis Spp ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Hiv Negative

Introduction: Blastocystis spp. is a protist found in humans. Although usually the most frequent protozoa found in stool samples of both symptomatic and healthy subjects, its pathogenic or rather opportunistic role is yet to be clearly elucidated. To attempt to fill this gap, a cross-sectional study was conducted to compare the frequency of Blastocystis spp. in HIV positive (HIV+) versus HIV negative (HIV-) individuals in four health facilities of the Center Region of Cameroon. Methodology: Stool samples were collected from 283 HIV positive and 245 HIV negative subjects and analyzed using direct diagnostic tests. Results: A total of 46 (8.7%) individuals were found infected with Blastocystis spp., including 6.7% HIV positive and 11.0% HIV negative. This species was more frequent in urban and semi-urban areas than in rural areas, but evenly distributed among genders and age groups as well as among all sectors of activity. The prevalence of Blastocystis spp. (11.3%) was higher in HIV+ patients with a CD4 count ≥ 500 cells / mm3, but no significant difference was found among HIV clinical stages. Likewise prevalence, the mean number of cysts per gram of stool was similar between HIV positive and HIV negative individuals. People infected with Blastocystis spp. showed diverse clinical signs, but only flatulence was significantly more prevalent. The frequencies of these clinical signs were not related to HIV status. Conclusion: No clear relationship links the infection with Blastocystis spp. to HIV, although its presence was associated with digestive disorder, suggesting that this parasite might not be opportunist.

scholarly journals Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia with or Without Acquired Trisomy 21 in 15 Pediatric Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenzhi ZHANG ◽  
Hui LI ◽  
Jingzhen LIU ◽  
Jiawei XU ◽  
Jinjin HAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trisomy 21 ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia

Abstract The knowledge of clinical characteristics and prognosis of pediatric acute megakaryocytic leukemia (AMKL) with or without acquired +21 was limited. We reported 15 AMKL pediatric patients without Down Syndrome (four cases with acquired +21 and 11 cases without acquired +21) with the clinical manifestations, laboratory data, and prognosis. The clinical features and laboratory data between patients with acquired +21 and patients without acquired +21 are similar. As for prognosis, three of the 11 cases without acquired +21 obtained complete remission (CR) after 1st induction. The median follow-up time of the 11 cases was 9 months. Among four cases with acquired +21, one case gave up treatment during 1st induction, one obtained CR after 1st induction and was still alive after 49 months of follow-up. One case obtained CR after 2nd induction and was still alive for 15 months of follow-up after bone marrow transplantation, the other patient was planning for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) without CR. The median follow-up time of the four cases was 12 months. None relapsed in our study. In conclusion, acquired trisomy 21 may not be an indicator for poor prognosis. Cytogenetics analysis can help us for diagnosis stratification, prognostic judgment and individualized treatment of AMKL.

scholarly journals High Anti-HCV Seroprevalence and Low Performance of ICT Strip in Diagnosing Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Children in Enugu Metropolis

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Maryann C. Ezeilo ◽  
Godwill A. Engwa ◽  
Romanus I. Iroha ◽  
Damian N. Odimegwu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background:The lack of a vaccine for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) places children at a high risk of contracting the infection. It becomes necessary to accurately diagnose this infection for proper treatment as well as identifying potential risk factors for effective management.Aim:This study was conceived to assess the test performance of the commonly used Immunochromatographic test (ICT) strip and identify the associated clinical manifestations and risk factors of HCV in children in Enugu Metropolis.Method:A cross-sectional study involving randomly selected 270 children below six years of age was conducted in Enugu Nigeria. The subjects were screened for anti-HCV by ICT and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and the demographic, signs and symptoms and risk factors were collected.Results:A total of 50 out of 270 children were positive for anti-HCV with a seropositivity of 18.5%. ICT strip had a very low sensitivity of 38.00% with an accuracy of 88.52% in detecting anti-HCV. The presence of dark urine was associated (p= 0.01) with HCV infection.Conclusion:A seroprevalence of 18.5% of Anti-HCV was found in children below six years old in Enugu metropolis and the performance of ICT in diagnosing HCV infection was poor compared to ELISA.

An Update of Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliya Hasan ◽  
Dapo Akintola ◽  
Aliya Hasan ◽  
Dapo Akintola
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Early Referral ◽  
Goltz Syndrome ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome encompasses a variety of clinical signs and symptoms including important oral manifestations which general dental practitioners should be aware of. In light of the risk of malignancy it is important to be aware of this syndrome and recognise the need for early referral for multidisciplinary management. This paper aims to discuss Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, the pathophysiology of the condition and address the wide range of clinical manifestations. The author will pay particular attention to the oral manifestations of the condition and the management of such anomalies.

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