Utility of Continuous Metabolic Syndrome Score in Assessing Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: The Isfahan Diabetes Prevention Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Janghorbani ◽  
Masoud Amini
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Continuous Metabolic Syndrome Score ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Definition Of

Background/Aim: It is not clear whether levels of continuous metabolic syndrome (cMetS) are associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study was to determine the ability of the cMetS score to predict progression to T2D in non-diabetic first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with T2D in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: A total of 1,869 non-diabetic FDRs 30-70 years old in 2003-2005 were followed through 2014 for the occurrence of T2D. At baseline and through follow-ups, participants underwent a standard 75 g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test. MetS was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III. The cMetS score was calculated using age- and gender-standardized Z-score for MetS components. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the association between cMetS and components of MetS with T2D. Results: During 13,571 person-years of follow-up, 72 men and 210 women developed diabetes. Those in the top quartile of cMetS were 8.0 times more likely to develop diabetes than those in the bottom quartile (OR 7.96; 95% CI 4.88-12.99). On ROC curve analysis, a higher area under the ROC were found for FPG (74.3%; 95% CI 70.8-77.8), than for cMetS (69.4%; 95% CI 66.0-72.8). Conclusions: The cMetS score is a robust predictor of T2D and may be more effective and efficient than the current binary definition of MetS in predicting progression to T2D in our study population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters in Evros

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Sarantoula Ventouri ◽  
Nikolaos Papanas ◽  
Stylianos Tigas ◽  
Christos Nalmpantis ◽  
Efstratios Maltezos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Risk Parameters

Introduction: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes and related metabolic disorders in the Evros region. Material-Methods: A random sample of 541 people was studied using the Finnish Type 2 Diabetes Risk Score, and measurement of weight, height, waist and hip circumference, blood pressure, as well as Fasting Glucose and Postprandial Glucose with a reflectometer. The participants with a score of 15-20, score ≥20, FG ≥100 mg/dl and / or PG 140 mg/dl (n = 206) were subjected to a oral glucose tolerance test, according to WHO. Lipid profile, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk were also assessed. Results: Prevalence of DM T2 in the study population was: 29.6%, and that of prediabetes was 10.9%. Obese (Body Mass Index ≥ 30 kg/m2) were: 52.5%, overweight (BMI 25-30kg/m2) were 33.2% and normal/low weight (BMI <25 kg/m2) were 14.1% of the population. Central obesity with a waist circumference of ≥ 102cm had 58,6% of men and ≥ 88cm 86,8% of women. Hypertension was 66.9% of the sample and 58.8% were on antihypertensive treatment. In 206 subjects, CHOL 200-239 mg/dl had 32.5% and CHOL≥ 240 mg/ dl 13.6%. 10.2% of women had HDL – CHOL <45 and <35:3,4 % of men. 5,9 % of subjects had LDL – CHOL≥ 160 mg/dl. 18% of subjects had TG: 200 – 499 mg/dl and TG ≥ 500 mg/dl:1.5%. High index Apo-B / Apo-A1 had 19.4% and Lp (a) 33% of individuals. 92.2% of these people had metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: The upward trend of DM T2 and cardiometabolic risk parameters raises the need for targeted prevention and treatment policies.

scholarly journals SIALIC ACID AS A PREDICTOR OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 273-280
Author(s):  
M. USMAN KHURSHID ◽  
IBRAHIM US
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Inflammatory markers predict type 2 diabetes. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus(GDM) predicts type 2 diabetes. Objective: To examine the association of inflammatory markers with GDM, weinvestigated total sialic acid (TSA) in women with and without previous GDM.Design & methods:All women with GDMand a random sample of women from diabetic center of SirGanga Ram Hospital, Lahore were taken after an interview,an oral glucose tolerance test and anthropometry were performed. A total of 46 women with and 50 women withoutprevious GDM completed the protocol. Results: Mean TSA was significantly higher in women with (71.8±11.1 mg/dl)than without (67.5±9.8 mg/dl) previous GDM (P< 0.05). In a linear regression model, TSA was 4 mg/dl (P< 0.05) higherin women with previous GDM, after adjustment for BMI and fasting insulin sensitivity. In a similar model, current 2-hplasma glucose levels were associated with higher TSA levels after adjustment for waist-to-hip ratio and the log oftriglycerides. TSA was strongly correlated with individual components and aggregates (r = 0.55, P< 0.001) of themetabolic syndrome. Conclusions: Increased TSA levels are associated with previous GDM and are strongly linkedto the metabolic syndrome. These findings in young women suggest that a chronic mild systemic inflammatory responseis an early feature of the metabolic syndrome and that GDM may be a window for its investigation.

Cinammon (Cinnamomum Spp.) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-255
Author(s):  
Sierra-Puente D. ◽  
Abadi-Alfie S. ◽  
Arakanchi-Altaled K. ◽  
Bogard-Brondo M. ◽  
García-Lascurain M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Key Aspects

Spices such as cinnamon (Cinnamomum Spp.) have been of interest due to their phytochemical composition that exert hypoglycemic effects with potential for management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We summarize data from 27 manuscripts that include, one book chapter, 3 review articles, 10 randomized controlled trials, 4 systematic reviews with meta-analysis, and 9 preclinical studies. The most frequently used cinnamon variety was Cinnamomum cassia rather than the Cinnamomum zeylanicum, whereas outcomes were defined as fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and oral glucose tolerance test. A great variability in methodology such as different doses (from 120 mg to 6 g), duration of intervention, data retrieved and use of different concomitant medication, were found to be key aspects of most of trials and systematic reviews with meta-analysis available to date. Low quality studies have been made in most cases with a lot of heterogeneity clouding significance of results. More research needs to be done in order to yield accurate evidence for evidence-based recommendations. Its use is not currently a reliable nor advisable option for the treatment of T2DM.

scholarly journals Obese Older Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Muscle Insulin Resistance Benefit from an Enriched Protein Drink during Combined Lifestyle Intervention: The PROBE Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilrike J. Pasman ◽  
Robert G. Memelink ◽  
Johan de Vogel-Van den Bosch ◽  
Mark P. V. Begieneman ◽  
Willem J. van den Brink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Before And After

(1) Background: Recent research showed that subtypes of patients with type 2 diabetes may differ in response to lifestyle interventions based on their organ-specific insulin resistance (IR). (2) Methods: 123 Subjects with type 2 diabetes were randomized into 13-week lifestyle intervention, receiving either an enriched protein drink (protein+) or an isocaloric control drink (control). Before and after the intervention, anthropometrical and physiological data was collected. An oral glucose tolerance test was used to calculate indices representing organ insulin resistance (muscle, liver, and adipose tissue) and β-cell functioning. In 82 study-compliant subjects (per-protocol), we retrospectively examined the intervention effect in patients with muscle IR (MIR, n = 42) and without MIR (no-MIR, n = 40). (3) Results: Only in patients from the MIR subgroup that received protein+ drink, fasting plasma glucose and insulin, whole body, liver and adipose IR, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass improved versus control. Lifestyle intervention improved body weight and fat mass in both subgroups. Furthermore, for the MIR subgroup decreased systolic blood pressure and increased VO2peak and for the no-MIR subgroup, a decreased 2-h glucose concentration was found. (4) Conclusions: Enriched protein drink during combined lifestyle intervention seems to be especially effective on increasing muscle mass and improving insulin resistance in obese older, type 2 diabetes patients with muscle IR.

scholarly journals The SLC16A11 Risk Haplotype for Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) Is Associated to Differentiated Responses in Weight Loss, and Glucose Metabolism After Treatments to Prevent T2D

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1275-1275
Author(s):  
Magdalena Sevilla ◽  
Donaji Gomez-Velasco ◽  
Ivette Cruz-Bautista ◽  
Laura Lazaro-Carrera ◽  
Paloma Almeda-Valdes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Risk Haplotype ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives A haplotype in SLC16A11 is associated with decreased insulin action, and risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Mexicans. We aim to determine the impact of the risk haplotype on SLC16A11 on early therapeutic responses in treatments to prevent T2D. Methods We recruited subjects with at least one prediabetes criteria according to the American Diabetes Association, and body mass index 25–45 kg/m2. Subjects were randomized in two groups: lifestyle intervention (LSI): hypocaloric diet, 25 kcal/kg of ideal weight, 45% of the total intake of carbohydrates, 30% lipids and 15% protein sources + physical activity (&gt;150 min medium intensity per week), or LSI + metformin (750 mg prolonged release twice a day). Interventions were prescribed by standardized dietitians. The goal was to achieve &gt;3% weight loss. We evaluated the early treatment response in a follow-up period of 12 weeks with intermediate visits each 3 weeks to reinforce knowledge and treatment goals. Evaluations (baseline and post-treatment) included an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Adherence to treatment was measured trough electronic recordings. Participants were genotyped for the risk allele rs13342232. Researchers remained blinded to the genotype results. The effects of the risk haplotype were evaluated with linear and logistic regressions adjusted by age, sex, and baseline body fat %. Results We evaluated 61 subjects, 30 carriers, and 31 non-carriers. Most of participants (57%) achieved ≥3% weight loss. The LSI + metformin treatment increased in carriers, 2 times OR 3 IC95% (1.07 – 8.6) (P = 0.04) the probability to reach the ≥3% weight loss goal compared with LSI and non-carriers. In the same treatment, carriers had a greater decrease in the total and incremental area under the curve of insulin in the OGTT IC95% (−1.75 −0.11) (P = 0.02) compared with non-carriers and LSI. Carriers also had higher decrease in postprandial glucose compared with non-carriers regardless of treatment −12.63 + 30.38 vs 0.71 30.24 (P = 0.02). Conclusions After 12 weeks of treatment, carriers with prediabetes showed a higher probability achieve weight loss and to improve insulin secretion with metformin. Regardless of the treatment, carriers were prone to improve postprandial glucose. Funding Sources Miguel Aleman Medical Research Award.

SYNERGISM BETWEEN PROBIOTICS AND HERBS TO MANAGE TYPE 2 DIABETES IN RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
HODA A. ALI ◽  
SAHAR H. MOHAMED ◽  
HEND F. ALHARBI ◽  
REHAM M. ALGHESHAIRY
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: This study aims to explore the adjuvant effect of multi-strain probiotics with either saffron, cardamom, ginger, or cinnamon herbs to achieve synergistic management for controlling type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Eighty-eight adult male, Wistar rats were used. Eight rats were kept as healthy control. Eighty rats were used to induce type 2 diabetic rats (T2DR) and were randomly assigned to ten groups. One group was an offer to 0.2 ml multi-strain probiotics orally. The rest of T2DR were gavage with 100 mg/kg aqueous extract of saffron, cardamom, ginger, or cinnamon without or with 0.2 ml multi-strain probiotics orally. Bodyweight gain (BWG), and feed efficiency ratio (FER) were recorded. Determination of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum insulin, C-peptide, HDL, LDL, HDL/total cholesterol ratio were performed. Serum antioxidant activity, Th1and Th2 cytokines and histopathology of the pancreas were done. Results: Comparable with T2DR, solely multi-strain probiotics or with herbs caused a significant reduction in BWG (P<0.05). Groups fed saffron, cardamom, and ginger and enriched with multi-strain probiotic showed significant improvement in OGTT, serum insulin, C-peptide and lipid abnormalities (P<0.05) compared to T2DR. Besides, they had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The group received ginger alone exerted anti-hyperglycemia and anti-inflammatory effects. However, cinnamon had a moderate anti-diabetic effect and solely probiotics did not show a significant benefit for all parameters except BWG. Conclusion: Cardamom, saffron, and ginger enriched with multi-strain probiotics achieve a synergistic relationship for managing T2D. This finding exhibits a possible new hypothesis to manage diabetes that needs further study.

scholarly journals Trajectories of Postload Plasma Glucose in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Japanese Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rie Oka ◽  
Kyoko Shibata ◽  
Masaru Sakurai ◽  
Mitsuhiro Kometani ◽  
Masakazu Yamagishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Transition Age ◽  
Japanese Workers ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Observation Period

We aimed to clarify how the trajectories of 1-hour postload plasma glucose (PG) and 2-hour PG were different in the development of type 2 diabetes. Using data of repeated health checkups in Japanese workers from April 2006 to March 2016, longitudinal changes of fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour PG on the oral glucose tolerance test were analyzed with a linear mixed effects model. Of the 1464 nondiabetic subjects at baseline, 112 subjects progressed to type 2 diabetes during the observation period (progressors). In progressors, 1-hour PG and 2-hour PG showed gradual increases with slopes of 1.33 ± 0.2 and 0.58 ± 0.2 mg/dL/year, respectively, followed by a steep increase by which they attained diabetes. Until immediately before the diabetes transition, age- and sex-adjusted mean level of 2-hour PG was 149 ± 2.7 mg/dL, 34 ± 2.7 (30%) higher compared to nonprogressors, while that of 1-hour PG was 206 ± 4.1 mg/dL, 60 ± 4.3 mg/dL (41%) higher compared to nonprogressors. In conclusion, diabetes transition was preceded by a mild elevation of 2-hour PG for several years or more. The elevation in 1-hour PG was larger than that of 2-hour PG until immediately before the transition to diabetes.

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